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Smoke detectors.

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            The United States has a serious and substantial fire problem. Roughly once every one and one half seconds an unreported fire occurs. Nearly once every minute somewhere in America there is a home fire serious enough to warrant calling the fire department. Smoke detectors can detect a fire early on so firefighters have more time to attack the fire and save the dwelling. A smoke detector can potentially save lives. There are many different aspects of smoke detectors in this paper I will discuss many of them.              Theory of Smoke Detectors.              A smoke detector is a device used in homes and other buildings to warn people of smoke or a fire. It makes a loud buzzing noise within seconds after smoke enters it through special vents. There are two kinds of smoke detectors, ionization detectors, and photoelectric detectors. .              History of Smoke Detectors.              In the 1960s the average U.S. citizen had never heard of smoke detectors. By 1993, an estimated 92 percent of all American homes, single and multi-family apartments, houses, and dormitories were equipped with detectors. In the mid 1980s smoke detector laws, requiring that detectors be placed in all new and existing residents, existed in 38 states nationwide. Smoke detector previsions have been adopted by all of the model building code organizations. The National Fire Alarm Code requires a minimum of one smoke detector on every level of the home and outside each sleeping area. In newly constructed homes, the code now requires all hardwired smoke detectors to be interconnected, so that if one smoke detector is activated, all smoke detectors in the house will sound the alarm. New homes are also required to have a smoke detector installed inside each room used for sleeping. (Webster's International Encyclopedia) .              Impact of Smoke Detectors.              Fire services across the county have played major and influential public education role in alerting the public to the benefits of smoke detectors.

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Essays Related to Smoke Detectors

1. paper on smoke detectors.

But despite their minuscule cost, smoke detectors save thousands of lives each year. A smoke detector is a sensor device for giving a warning if fire breaks out. ... It is recommended that every home have one smoke detector per floor. ... Photoelectric smoke detectors therefore use light in a different way. ... Ionization Detectors Ionization smoke detectors use an ionization chamber and a source of ionizing radiation to detect smoke. ...

• Word Count: 1225
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

2. Fire Safety

When the first-in engine arrived on the scene they reported heavy smoke and flames visible from the exterior. ... Statistics show "A working smoke detector doubles a person's chance of surviving a fire. Approximately 90 percent of US homes have at least one smoke detector. Nearly half the residential fires and three fifths of fatalities occur in home with no detectors" (US Fire 2). Smoke and fire detectors can be located throughout a Hill 4 structure usually close to sleeping quarters. ...

• Word Count: 1147

3. Radioactive Isotopes (Radioisotopes)

As part of daily life, smoke detectors contain a small amount of americium-241. By exploiting the radioactive properties of this element, it can easily detect smoke from a fire. ... As said previously, they are used in smoke detectors which helps saves many lives daily. ...

• Word Count: 643
• Approx Pages: 3

4. Glenn T. Seaborg and Trans-Uranium Elements

His discovery of the element Americium allowed for an improved version of the smoke detector (World Nuclear Association, 2010). Smoke alarms work by ionizing the air around the detector with Americium, completing the circuit and preventing the alarm to go off. When smoke disrupts the air and pushes its away from the detector, it breaks the circuit and trips the alarm. This was an improvement over optical fire detectors which were much more prone to false alarms. ...

• Word Count: 993
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

5. Fire Act

Accidental fires and violent flames have unfairly claimed the lives of hundreds of people in past years. With the invention of the automatic fire sprinkler these numbers have reduced a bit, but continue due to decisions made my property and business owners. The History of the automatic fire sprinkle...

• Word Count: 821

6. A Change of thought

The fire had spread even more and by now the smoke detectors were screaming. ... He then proceeded to rip the smoke detectors out of the ceiling and interrogate us about what happened. ... I kept yelling at him to calm down, that I would take care of things and fix the smoke detectors. ...

• Word Count: 1168

7. Family Disaster Planning

We installed smoke detectors on each level of our home, especially in the bedrooms and near the kitchen and we ensure that they are all functioning properly. ... We review, practice and maintain our plan by quizzing our kids every six months or so, conducting fire and emergency evacuations, replacing stored water and stored food every six months, testing and recharging our fire extinguishers according to manufacturer's instructions, testing our smoke detectors monthly and changing the batteries at least once a year. ... The kids always help either my wife or me in checking the smoke detec...

• Word Count: 984

8. Our Lady Of Angels

There was only one fire escape, and no automatic fire alarms or smoke detectors. There were no sprinklers, heat detectors, or alarms connected to the fire department. ... It slowly filled the staircase with gas and smoke. ... It sent fire, smoke, and gases up to the second floor. ... Most of the victims died of burn injuries and smoke inhalation. ...

• Word Count: 1301

9. History and Developemant of the Atom

Some of these include nuclear power stations, nuclear weapons, radiation therapy, and smoke detectors. ... Smoke detectors are in almost every home in the world they provide a warning system for fires this allows people to get out of the house and call the fire brigade before too much damage is sustained to the house or the occupants. ...

• Word Count: 690

Smoke Alarms

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Smoke Alarm “Smart Smoke Detector” Report

Introduction and background, project plan.

It is usually very traumatising for homeowners in the event of house fires. Loss of property and life are the most likely outcomes associated with house fires. This situation is worsened if the homeowner is not insured or his insurance policy is limited to specific fire damages and causes.

In Australia, due to the high prevalence of bushfires, high quality smoke detectors have become an essential part and a compulsory fitting of every household in the country. This is necessary measure adopted to ensure safety of the occupants, and to minimize damages in case of house fires.

A typical smoke detector is designed to intersect smoke particles. When smoke particles interfere with the path of light to the sensor, the sensor circuit sequential sets up an alarm irrespective of what caused the smoke. Thus, smoke emanating from cooking or incense stick could set off the alarm. This makes it quite difficult to distinguish between false or actual alarms. As a result, this can contribute to alarm assumptions, which may lead to great damages in cases of fire.

What if there was a product that could overcome these issues and simply did the job it was intended to do, making it useful and less annoying? Our Smart Smoke Detector has been designed and built to satisfy the needs and requirements of a typical residential household. According to the National Fire Protection Agency, a well-chosen and working smoke detector will increase the chances of surviving a fire. This is because in case of a fire out break alarm goes on its occupants may have at most 2 minutes to evacuate.

Smart Smoke detectors will allow customers to evade the smoke detector and to reduce the annoyance of the alarm. The alarm will still sound only this time by the use of a heat detector, sensitizing the homeowner of a potential fire problem. Approximately after 1 hour, a squeak will sound alerting the user that the smoke detector is being re-activated.

Moreover, we will also have a peep to alert the user that the backup battery level is low. This report examines extensively and pinpoints the expected process that Global Engineering will follow to achieve a working prototype of the smart smoke detector.

The goal of this project is to assemble a Smart Smoke Detector with a smoke detour system. This will be a more inventive and improved adaptation of the conventional smoke detectors obtainable in the market. The main objectives are for this project are to be completed in time successfully and the final product to be marketable globally.

In order for success to be realized, the team must take into account every aspect extensively to reduce possible failure risks. Consequently, it is crucial for the team to come up with a comprehensive project plan that will take into considerations all the project risks as well as the project completion timeline. This prior planning will ensure that the product is built in an efficient and effective manner enhancing its marketability.

Global Engineering outlined the tasks necessary to build the final product while formulating the project plan. This project plan outlined the expected duration of the tasks n which Global Engineering could achieve optimum results. We used Gantt charts in our planning to facilitate the visual display and relationships of these tasks and their timings. Through Gantt chart predetermined project tasks timeline we could schedule resources and staff workloads as efficiently as possible.

There are diverse requirements for every task; some tasks need others to be completed before they could be started, while others require employment of a specific knowledge and skill to achieve the complete it, etc. The team defined the project tasks based on various factors and concerns of technical and financial matters.

It is most crucial in planning the project to make sure that the end product is priced appropriately, marketable and acceptable by the community. These concerns are enumerated below:

• Conducting market survey to ascertain whether or not the there is a demand for the product in the community. It is worthy to obtain feedback from current smoke detector users and firms selling smoke detectors. This survey will assist in setting a standard product cost and ascertaining how much people are capable and willing to pay for this product once they are mounted in their homes.
• In estimating market price for the new Smart Smoke Detector, Global Engineering will have to form a cost budget for construction of the product. Consequently, comprehensive product architecture required to be studied; the study will involve the varying of individual components on both cost and performance basis.
• Constructing, trying and validating the prototype to ensure that all of the product specifications are met and obtainable. This is conducted so as any fallacies and inadequacies in the prototype can be fixed before the production stage, and to confirm that the Smart Smoke Detector adheres to current safety standards.
• Developing a marketing and sales strategy which will deal with product promotion, advertising and preparation such as producing banners, brochures and setting up a booth for Trade Fairs.

Global Engineering convenes every week to keep members informed on the progress of the project. This meeting also gives the chance to all team members to communicate project concerns and search for support and guidance from other colleagues. In addition, it will assist in identifying any unforeseen risks, hence allowing the team to make decisions and implement action plans to mitigate delays which may arise. These meetings will also operate as a support system for the team to attain its goal and ensure a quality product is created.

Budgets are very important while undertaking any project and usually determine its success. Budgets usually involve higher estimates than actual costs in order to cushion against any uncertainties or miscellaneous costs such as labour and materials fluctuations.

These unforeseen problems can be caused by inadequate research during the initial concept development and architectural design and research stage of the project. In addition, there may be disagreements among members and may result project delays and additional expenses i.e. salaries and rentals on usage of labs which result to variances in the budget.

There are a number of methods to combat such uncertainties which is inclusive of costs cutting wherever possible during the early stages of a project. Secondly, carrying out extensive research to avoid testing failures, i.e. a certain component might not work, or the circuit as a whole might not work the way it was expected. This will enhance thorough product knowledge prior to the commencement and agreement among members. Consequently, these measures will ensure timely completion of the project within the budget.

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Why We Need A Smoke Alarm Essay

HEAR THE BEEP WHERE YOU SLEEP; EVERY BEDROOM NEEDS A WORKING SMOKE ALARM Have you ever wondered the need for a smoke alarm in the bedroom? Smoke alarms alert you of a fire in your home. America's fire death rate is one of the highest per capita in the industrialized world. Fire kills approximately 3,000 and injures approximately 20,000 people each year. The majority of deaths are in homes without a working smoke alarm . A smoke alarm greatly reduces your chances of dying in a fire. Firefighters pay a high price for this terrible fire record as well; approximately 100 firefighters die in the line of duty each year. Direct property losses due to fire reach almost $11 billion a year. Most of these deaths and losses can be prevented by buying a smoke detector ! Smoke alarms warn you, keep you from dying, and save property losses. Smoke detectors warn of the danger in your home that is a fire. A fire …show more content…

Fires if undetected are very deadly. They can burn through anything and by the time you know it is to late to get out and call someone for help. Firefighters lose their lives in the process of saving others. Fires are very deadly to anyone who is near it no matter how much protection you have on. Smoke alarms can make the difference between life and death in a fire by alerting people in time to escape safely, but need to be installed in all the required locations, including all bedrooms, and they need to be working. Smoke alarms keep you from perishing in your homes, because you did not have one to began with. Half of all U.S. home fire deaths occur at night between the hours of 11:00pm and 7:00am. Working smoke alarms in the home provide life-saving potential from fire. The people who are hard of hearing may need help to get up, so make sure someone wakes them up also. Smoke alarms greatly decrease the deaths that occur, and because of this we sleep safer at

In this essay, the author

• Explains that america's fire death rate is one of the highest per capita in the industrialized world. a smoke alarm greatly reduces your chances of dying in a fire.
• Explains that working smoke alarms have been shown to reduce half the risk of death by fire. most fire deaths are caused by smoke inhalation, not by burns.
• Opines that smoke alarms can make the difference between life and death in a fire by alerting people in time to escape safely. half of all u.s. home fire deaths occur at night.
• Explains that smoke alarms protect property by providing an early warning for the need to call for help. property loss is devastating because you lose your home, valuable objects, and family heirlooms.
• Explains that smoke alarms are helpful little devices that warn us of the danger, keeps us from dying, and protects our property.

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• The Importance of Smoke Alarms in Our Homes

The Importance of Smoke Alarms in Our Homes - Essay Example

• Subject: English
• Type: Essay
• Level: Undergraduate
• Pages: 5 (1250 words)
• Downloads: 4
• Author: kathryne78

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Hypothesis: rural residential smoking fires cause more deaths than do urban residential smoking fires, valuable information regarding the fire alarm system, design of fire protection systems for tall buildings, an electrical alarm system for a residential building, strategies to improve community safety, societal risks associated with incidents of fire, security and enterprise systems, submarine fire strategy in the united kingdom.

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Home Fire Alarms

Show More Lives are being lost everyday due to the cost of fires with old fire alarms. According to the National Fire Protection Association, almost two-thirds of home fire deaths result from fires in homes with no smoke alarms or no working smoke alarms. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA 's) fire department survey, showed that in 2009-2013 fires in homes with no smoke alarms caused an average of 940 deaths per year (38% of home fire deaths). An additional 510 people per year were fatally injured as a result as a result of smoke exhalation. A study preformed by the NFPA revealed that smoke alarms were in fact present, but failed to operate resulting in the increasing of lost of life and property damage. The failure to operate can be factors …show more content… By having the new technology in fire alarms provides with a early warning and faster responds time. In the past smoke detector were equipment with batteries that had to be replaces twice a year. This was often neglected resulting in death injury and property damage. With the long life batteries this enhanced of the home owners. Heat detectors are the oldest type of automatic fire detection device. The heating detector is another way to solve the problems of deaths due to fires. Heat detectors feature a detecting element inside the unit that activates when it reads a predetermined fixed temperature or when a specific increase in temperature has occurred. The Kidde HD135F provides you and your family an early warning to dangerous temperatures greater than 135˚F. This unit also includes a tamper resistant pin to deter tampering or theft. Knowing your options to prevent fires could save the lives of your family, by understanding your options you are able to reduce the chances of your family being in harm. By understanding the difference between alarms and how they protect differently allows you as the consumer to prevent fires. It is the obligation of the home owner to educated themselves on the newest technology. There are many alarms in the market, and different levels of safety for the home owner. It is important to research all alarms that are available on the market today for example, Kidde. Tests conducted show that smoke alarms do not secure your family survival in a fire but understand the importance of having one will reduce the chance of them being harmed. Smoke alarms will detect most fires in a time frame that is more efficient than heat detectors. There are currently three types of smoke alarms on the market: ionization, Photoelectric and combination ionization/ photoelectric. Ionization is the most basic and least expensive on the market. Although it 's safe it only

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• Smoke Detectors in the United Term Paper

Smoke Detectors In The United Term Paper

The results of NFPA's 10-year study form 1981 to 1990 announced in June 1992 showed that the death rate for individuals in a fire reduced by 42% in those areas where a smoke alarm was available. The tendency to ever more strict smoke alarm conditions is ongoing as more governmental body implement legislation and as legislation ever more includes readily available as well as new homes and directs more smoke alarms per residence. (the Impact of Smoke Alarms) Fire services throughout the nation have performed a foremost and dominant public education function in preparing the public to the advantages of smoke alarms. One more crucial issue in this big and quick diffusion of both the marketplace and the builder community has been the growth and promotion of low cost alarms by commercial companies. In the beginning of the 1970's, the cost of shielding a three bedroom home with competently established alarms was approximately $l000; nowadays the cost of owner-installed alarms in the same house has dropped to as small as $10 per alarm, or less than $50 for the complete home. This cost composition, mingled with efficient public education including main private-public partnerships, has produced a big percentage of U.S. consumers, whether they are leasing or purchasing, to insist smoke alarm safety. (the Impact of Smoke Alarms) Additionally, regional building associations, which bring out model codes such as the Uniform Building Code, the national Building Code and the One and Two Family Dwelling Code for latest and already available homes, have passed guidelines by and large suggesting that smoke alarms be fitted in or near all sleeping rooms and/or on all levels. A legislation insisting all single-station ionization-type smoke alarms bought in the state are to be fitted with 10-year batteries was implemented for the first time by Oregon in June 1999. A 10-year smoke alarm bill has been presented during the 2001 legislative session in New York. Pennsylvania, New Hampshire and Florida are anticipating equivalent bills in 2001. Many national and international fire safety institutes have voiced their support for better fire safety programs together with legislation for 10-year smoke alarms. These comprise of the International Fire Marshals Association, the U.S. Fire Administration, the National Association of State Fire Marshals, and the Centers for Disease Control and the International Fire Chiefs Association. (Smoke Detectors & Fire Alarms) In most of the retail stores a smoke detector can be bought for prices ranging from $5 to $20. A good performance is given by both battery operated as well current used smoke detectors. It is important to make certain that a nationally recognized testing laboratory has tested the purchased product. There should be a minimum of one detector in every floor but for the loft, if the loft space is used for sleeping. When there are extra detectors, it will improve the possibility of early detection. The smoke detectors must be kept in the bedroom either on the wall or on the ceiling at 6 to 12 inches away from the wall or 6-12 inches below the ceiling. This helps the detector in feeling the smoke when it comes near the sleeping area. The detectors that are battery operated can be at once fixed to the ceiling or wall. Electric detectors with wires are a bit hard to fit and require an electrician. (Smoke Detectors save Lives) The alarm will sound before the strength of smoke attains a risky level, or before the fire turns out to be too intense. Smoke detectors also vary by power source. In battery-operated smoke detectors, the batteries last about one year. As the battery starts losing power, which indicates a requirement for replacement, the detector will start giving out 'beeps' once in a minute. Some will prolong this for a week or more. Smoke detectors that function on household electric current, work as long as there is current in the circuit to which they are connected. They are, thus, susceptible to power failure. Plug-in units must be positioned next to an electric outlet where they will not be unplugged or switched off by a wall switch. (Smoke Detectors for Your Home) They should not obtain their power from a remote plug by means of an extension cord. Always use the hold-in clips to avert unintentional plug removal from the outlet. Nowadays, a number of novel characteristics are present in smoke detectors. These comprise detectors…

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