extended essay ib art

IB Visual Arts EE examples

Filter exemplars, to what extent does the street art in downtown athens, greece politically and socially charge the city, how did pablo picasso develop intimacy with the original audience and the impact on the contemporary audience through his artworks during his blue period, want to get full marks for your ee allow us to review it for you 🎯, to what extent did the mughal architectural style influence the hindu temple architecture of india, to what extent was gaudi's iconographic program on the example of the basilica of the sagrada familia different from gothic solutions on the example of the seville cathedral, to what extent can artificial intelligence create original fine art, fast track your coursework with mark schemes moderated by ib examiners. upgrade now 🚀, to what extend does gender impact omani artists, to what extent did edvard munch apply formal elements of art therapy such as color,shape, and repetition to create symbolism and purpose in the scream, how did zofia and oskar hansen’s architectural vision of przyczółek grochowski estate translate into practice and with what effect, how do andy warhol and thierry guetta's artwork demonstrate the controversies between intertextuality and plagiarism in pop art culture, to what extent has the indian culture influenced the architect gajanan b mhatre in the design of the empress court in mumbai during the british colonization, an exploration into the theme of motherhood in art during the early weimar republic, as seen through the works of otto dix and käthe kollwitz, how does frida kahlo portrya her devotionb to communism, the influence of nature on caso batlo by architect antoni guadi, "how did the dynamic style of zaha hadid's original abstract paintings introduce her unique architectural design of the jockey club in hong kong"..

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Visual Arts Extended Essay: The Complete Guide for IB Students

by  Antony W

May 8, 2023

An extended essay in visual arts allows you to conduct study in a particular area of visual arts that is of interest to you. The conclusion of the study should be a clear and structured piece of writing that tackles a topic or research question pertinent to the visual arts in an effective manner.  

The strongest EE in arts is the one that demonstrate a thoughtful selection of socially and culturally relevant topics, which frequently have a personal significance for the candidate in respect to his or her cultural identity, a potential university program, or present creative interests, such as studio work.

It is discouraged to rely solely on textbooks and the Internet, and no long essay in visual arts should rely solely on such sources.

You should only read your textbooks to the extent that they generate unique ideas, give models of disciplined, organized, and informed methods, and foster direct and personal engagement with the essay topic.

Choice of Arts Extended Essay Topic

When it comes to choosing a visual arts extended essay, we strongly recommend that you avoid themes that rely solely on summarizing generic secondary sources and those that are likely to result in an essay that is mostly narrative or descriptive in nature.

You must address a pertinent subject or research question and reach a specific, ideally individual, conclusion.

Choosing a topic that encompasses several areas of art history or a lengthy time span is likewise unlikely to result in a great essay. Restriction of the essay’s scope will help you to establish a clear focus and create opportunities for exhibiting in-depth comprehension and critical evaluation of your extended essay.

How Should You Treat Visual Arts Extended Essay Topic?

The topic you choose must have a clear and direct connection to visual arts. If the relationship is only tenuous, you risk introducing irrelevant material, which will confuse the investigation and undermine the case.

You should construct a research issue that is of personal interest and use a range of materials to support your claims, including textual analysis, the study of actual artworks or designed artifacts, and interviews with practitioners and subject-matter experts.

Questions that do not provide a systematic examination that exhibits critical creative analysis and in-depth comprehension are unlikely to be appropriate. In certain cases, it may become apparent early in the research process that there are insufficient sources to conduct such an examination. In such situations, consider a shift in emphasis.

In visual arts extended essays, the incorporation and discussion of pertinent visual reference material is of special relevance. However, such material must directly support and be relevant to the analysis/argument. It should be cleanly presented, appropriately acknowledged, and appear as near as feasible to the first reference in the body of the essay.

To stimulate personal investment in the extended essay, your work should include local and/or original sources wherever feasible. However, you may not have access to original materials in some circumstances. In such instances, high-quality replicas, movies, films, or photographs/Internet pictures are acceptable sources.

An argument should be well supported, with remarks and conclusions supported by evidence that is relevant and well-founded, as opposed to being based only on preconceived notions.

Visual Arts Extended Essay Topics Examples

Now that you know about the kind of topic you should choose for you visual arts extended essay, let’s consider some good and bad examples.

The worst example can be something like:

• The variation within human perception
• Architecture is functional art.
• Postmodernism
• Islamic architectural design

You want avoid these types of examples because they’re broad and therefore can’t fit within the scope of extended essay requirements .

You want to consider only the best topic for the project, particularly making sure you pick a subject that’s specific enough to form a research question that you can answer within the respective scope of the assignment.

Some of the best examples include but not limited to the following:

• What role did national themes have in the creative activity of Russian avant-garde artists associated with the Knave of Diamonds society?
• How did men and women’s clothes communicate National Socialist ideals?
• How does Yinka Shonibare’s work represent the evolving importance of African art in a global society?
• What are the origins of Romanesque architecture in Arles?
• Are there pop art elements in the design of Pakistani trucks?
• Titles for Protracted Essays
• Appropriateness of Picasso’s usage of the Mbangu mask in ‘Les Demoiselles d’Avignon’ in terms of cultural borrowing
• How does Ketna Patel’s work reflect the increasing influence of media culture on Asian cultures?
• How does Yinka Shonibare’s work represent the evolving significance of African art in a global society?
• How far did Andy Warhol’s “Death and Disaster” series develop his interest in morbidity?
• How Jesse Trevino’s cultural experiences influenced his artwork
• How would one identify the crucial balance between design and function for four pedestrian bridges of the 21st century?
• In what way does Damien Hirst’s art tackle the themes of Life and Death? (2013)
• To what degree has Federation Square’s design proven successful?
• When does photojournalism become an art form?
• How does Fra Angelico’s picture of The Annunciation represent him in Renaissance Florence?

Tips for Writing a Visual Arts Extended Essay

You are supposed to assess critically the sources you consulted while writing the essay by asking yourself the following questions:

• Which sources are essential to my ideas, beliefs, and assertions?
• Which sources are irrelevant to the analysis?

For the research question, you can:

• Utilize primary and secondary sources to develop and evaluate diverse perspectives.
• Use these primary sources to explore and explain particular aspects of the visual arts, with emphasis on a particular aspect of the visual arts collecting and analyzing reproductions of artwork.

You must also exhibit an understanding of various topics associated with the studied work.

• Demonstrate a knowledge of the worth and limitations of the work you’re studying by analyzing its origin and function
• Show a continuous high level of creative comprehension by addressing the study subject comprehensively and effectively.

Relevant findings from this analysis must feature in your argument, not to mention that you should carefully support the arguments.  

About the author 

Antony W is a professional writer and coach at Help for Assessment. He spends countless hours every day researching and writing great content filled with expert advice on how to write engaging essays, research papers, and assignments.

How to Choose an EE Topic (Visual Arts)

Choosing the EE Subject

It’s important to:

• Choose a subject you are willing to dedicate many hours to, and
• Understand what an EE in that subject is like. For example, science EEs look like longer science IAs and involve a lot of lab work, whereas English EEs are similar to long Written Task 2s and involve a lot of reading and analysis.

I knew I wanted to write a Visual Arts EE because I loved learning about art history. I’d previously enjoyed analysing artworks for an academic competition, so I wanted to take that interest further through my IB work.

Brainstorming Ideas

For a Visual Arts EE, you can write about virtually any topic using any approach. This intimidated me because I had NO clue what to write about. So, I looked at what sort of questions have been addressed in past essays. I’ve compiled a few popular approaches here for you: 

I began by researching various movements in art history, followed by looking into art from different countries and cultures. Then I dove into specific aspects of artwork such as lighting and lines. Finally, I researched artists I liked. This last step was the most important to me because it was what I found most interesting.

Narrowing Down your List

I circled my favourite topics and looked for connections between them. For example, I liked Edward Hopper’s artwork, which relies heavily on lighting and coincides with my fascination for American history and art. One of the questions I came up with was: “How does the use of lighting in Edward Hopper’s work evoke emotion in his audience?” Through making further connections, I shortlisted three other subjects I was eager to study—colour in Munch and Hopper’s paintings, sensuality and controversy of the Vienna Secession, and emotions in post-Chinese Cultural Revolution art. 

Selecting the Final Question

My supervisor urged me to choose a question that was both challenging and personally fulfilling. Though I found the Hopper question interesting, I was familiar with Hopper’s work and could answer it before even writing the EE. Upon reflection, I realized I wanted to use an artistic lens to explore an aspect of my Chinese background I’ve never learned about before. Thus, my final question was: “How have contemporary Chinese artists’ responses to the Cultural Revolution evolved from 1976 to the present day?”

In the end, I thoroughly enjoyed the Extended Essay process from start to finish, especially the synthesis of academic research and first-hand data collection (I surveyed 300 people and interviewed a gallery owner!). My findings also helped inform my IB Visual Arts pieces.

The brainstorming process might seem overwhelming because there are just so many topics to choose from! Create mind maps, discuss your ideas with others, and only shortlist topics that you really like—you’ll soon find that you have a direction. And remember, it’s okay to change your question later on!

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Extended Essay Writers

Visual Arts Extended Essay Topics: Exploring the World of Art

Luke MacQuoid

Visual Arts is a fascinating and diverse field that encompasses various forms of art, including painting, sculpture, architecture, and photography, among others. Writing an extended essay on Visual Arts offers an opportunity to delve deeper into the creative world of art, its history, and its impact on society. Therefore, selecting the right Visual Arts extended essay topic is essential for a successful paper. 

Yes, a well-chosen topic is key to crafting a successful Visual Arts extended essay. To ensure that you create an engaging and informative essay, consider selecting a topic that resonates with you personally. 

Your passion for the topic will show in your writing and make the research process more enjoyable. However, ensuring that the topic and research question is feasible, and not too general , and can be thoroughly researched within the word count limit is essential. 

To do this, narrow your focus to a specific question or issue that can be analyzed in depth. By selecting a specific and focused topic, you’ll be able to craft a clear and well-supported argument in your essay. And this is one of the most important parts of the IB EE rubric .

List of Visual Arts IB Extended essay topics

Below are some intriguing Visual Arts extended essay topics that can help you kickstart your research:

The Significance of Color in Contemporary Art: An Analysis of the Work of Henri Matisse and Mark Rothko.

With this topic, the student can begin by researching the use of color in art, its significance, and its impact on the viewer. The student can then choose specific works of Henri Matisse and Mark Rothko that use color in interesting ways and analyze the color schemes, techniques, and meanings behind them. 

The essay can also explore the similarities and differences between the two artists’ approaches to color and the influence of their work on contemporary art.

Examining the Importance of Context in the Interpretation of Contemporary Art: A Case Study of Banksy’s Graffiti.

To approach this topic, the student can begin by researching the concept of context in art and its role in shaping meaning. The student can then analyze Banksy’s graffiti, specifically focusing on one or more pieces that are known to have created controversy or sparked public discourse. 

Such an extended essay can explore how the context in which the graffiti was created, the location, and the message conveyed by the artwork affect its interpretation and reception.

How Have Women Artists Contributed to the Development of Art Movements in the 20th Century?

With this topic, the student can begin by researching the history of women artists and their struggles for recognition in the male-dominated art world. 

The IB student can then choose one or more women artists who played a significant role in the development of a particular art movement, such as Frida Kahlo in Surrealism or Mary Cassatt in Impressionism. 

The essay can analyze the artist’s work, their impact on the art movement, and the challenges they faced as a woman in the art world.

A Comparative Analysis of the Relationship between Art and Society in Renaissance Europe and Modern America.

To approach this topic, the student can begin by researching the historical and cultural contexts of Renaissance Europe and modern America and how art reflects and responds to the social and political changes of the time . 

Moreover, the student can then choose specific works from both periods that illustrate the relationship between art and society, such as Michelangelo’s David and Shepard Fairey’s Hope poster. 

This IB EE can compare and contrast the works’ meanings, techniques, and the social and cultural contexts that shaped them.

An Exploration of the Intersection of Technology and Art: The Emergence of Digital Art in the 21st Century.

Working on this topic, the student can begin by researching the history of digital art, its emergence as a new art form, and the impact of technology on artistic expression. 

Following this topic, the student can then analyze specific examples of digital art, such as Cory Arcangel’s Photoshop gradient demonstrations or Rafael Lozano-Hemmer’s interactive installations, and explore the ways in which technology has influenced the creation, reception, and interpretation of these works.

The Role of Art in Documenting Historical Events: An Analysis of Goya’s The Third of May 1808 and Picasso’s Guernica.

To approach this topic, the student can begin by researching the role of art in documenting historical events and the ways in which artists use their work to respond to social and political issues. 

The student can then analyze specific works of Goya and Picasso that depict significant historical events, such as The Third of May 1808 and Guernica. 

The essay can explore the ways in which these works convey meaning, the social and political contexts in which they were created, and the ways in which they have influenced art and society.

The Significance of Architecture in Shaping Urban Environments: A Case Study of the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao.

With this topic, the student can begin by researching the significance of architecture in shaping urban environments and the ways in which buildings can impact their surroundings. The student can then analyze the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao as a case study, exploring its design, construction, and impact on the city of Bilbao. 

IB EE can also explore the ways in which the museum’s architecture reflects its function as an art museum and its relationship to the artworks displayed within it.

The Impact of the Avant-Garde Movement on Contemporary Art Practices.

To approach this topic, the student can begin by researching the history of the Avant-Garde movement and its influence on contemporary art practices. The student can then analyze specific works of contemporary artists who the Avant-Garde movement, such as Yayoi Kusama or Marina Abramovic have influenced. 

This extended essay can explore the ways in which these artists have incorporated Avant-Garde concepts and techniques into their work and the impact of this influence on contemporary art practices.

The Influence of African Art on European Modernism: An Analysis of the Work of Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse.

To approach this topic, the student can begin by researching the influence of African art on European modernism and the ways in which European artists incorporated African aesthetics into their work. An IB student can then analyze specific works of Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse that show the influence of African art, such as Picasso’s Les Demoiselles d’Avignon and Matisse’s Blue Nude. 

The essay can explore the ways in which African art influenced these artists’ techniques and aesthetics and the impact of this influence on modern art.

An Exploration of the Concept of Beauty in Contemporary Art: An Analysis of the Work of Jeff Koons and Takashi Murakami.

The student can begin by researching the concept of beauty in art and its evolving meaning in contemporary art. One can then analyze specific works of Jeff Koons and Takashi Murakami that explore the concept of beauty, such as Koons’ Balloon Dog and Murakami’s Superflat. 

The essay can explore the ways in which these artists challenge traditional notions of beauty and the impact of this challenge on contemporary art.

Each of the Visual Arts extended essay topics listed above requires thorough research and analysis of specific artworks, artists, or movements. To successfully approach each Visual Arts idea, an IB student should begin by conducting preliminary research on the topic and then choosing specific artworks or artists to analyze. 

The student should then carefully analyze the works, explore their meanings and impact, and relate them to the larger context of art and society. With dedication and focus, an IB student can produce a compelling and informative Visual Arts extended essay.

Ready to select an appropriate topic for your VA extended essay?

When selecting a Visual Arts extended essay topic, it is important to choose a topic that you are passionate about and interested in exploring further. A topic that resonates with you will make it easier to research and write about, and your passion will be evident in your writing, making it more engaging for your readers.

Need help with your IB EE?

You can also use our extended essay writers team’s services if you need assistance selecting a topic . Furthermore, we can also help you write your extended essay from scratch or edit your draft following the IB criteria.

Additionally, it is crucial to ensure that your topic is feasible and has enough information available for research. The best way to ensure this is to conduct preliminary research on your EE topic before finalizing it. 

This will help you determine whether there is enough information available and whether the research will be manageable within the given word count .

All our team at ExtendedEssayWriters wishes you to construct a research question of your dream and complete a good IB extended essay following the structure and general IB criteria. With good topic you can be almost 100% sure that you will not fail your IB extended essay .

Luke MacQuoid has extensive experience teaching English as a foreign language in Japan, having worked with students of all ages for over 12 years. Currently, he is teaching at the tertiary level. Luke holds a BA from the University of Sussex and an MA in TESOL from Lancaster University, both located in England. As well to his work as an IB Examiner and Master Tutor, Luke also enjoys sharing his experiences and insights with others through writing articles for various websites, including extendedessaywriters.com blog

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Gr. 11-12 Extended Essay

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Visual Arts EE Overview

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IB EXTENDED ESSAY IN VISUAL ARTS Topic: The influence of Frank Lloyd Wright's organic architecture in " Fallingwater "

¿How does the organic style of Frank Lloyd Wright is reflected in the “Fallingwater” house of Edgar Kaufmann, 1936?

Related Papers

Shamiram Sogomonyan

Olivia Valentine

From antiquity until the present day, architecture has taken many forms and has continually evolved into grand masterpieces. Each building or design becomes a reflection of the architect, so for Frank Lloyd Wright, those buildings were born from ideas and interpretations of an “organic” architecture, that were harmonious with nature, celestial, and modern in design. They were based upon his theory of how “form and function are one.” However, does his architecture still influence new themes in architecture today, or was it just a period in history, full of natural grandeur, which is now being glossed over by many? While many historians question and ponder this, his work has, by all means, captivated and inspired those that visit his works that are still standing today, such as the Guggenheim Museum in New York City. Throughout his constant study, vigilance, and determination, his focus and incorporation of nature into the modern and abstract allowed him to create some of the world’s most infamous works which illustrate his organic architecture. This style has allowed for viewers and visitors alike to explore and journey through his creations.

Modernism Magazine (Spring 2011)

Justin Gunther

hugues henri

Above all, there was the relative filiation between Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959), which perpetuates architectural modernity in the United States, even if Wright also left Sullivan's office to emancipate himself from the "beloved Master". He had joined the Adler and Sullivan agency in 1887 and quickly became its foreman, but in 1893, Sullivan had to fire Wright who showed an unfortunate tendency to build, for his own profit, individual houses for the clients of the Adler-Sullivan firm, which his contract as foreman expressly prohibited him from doing. Connecting Richardson and Wright is also essential. Indeed, Richardson's Shingle Style houses, such as the Hay House in Washington DC, and the Paine House in Waltham, Massachusetts, in 1886, developed open floor plans from sumptuous staircases. In addition, Richardson preceded Wright in his interest in traditional Japanese architecture and interior design. Wright's later expansion of scale, increasing the horizontal dimension while raising the apparent height, to give monumentality to the building, as he first experienced in the Winslow House in River Forest, Illinois, 1893, is already present in Richardson's and Price's work, another architect of the "Schingle Style" that inspired Wright's first Oak Park house in 1889. It is therefore certain that despite his indisputable personal genius, Wright owes an immense debt to these architects of the "Shingle Style", such as Stanfort White, Wilson Eyrec and Bruce Price, and of course Henry Richardson, from whom, according to Vincent Scully, the whole "Prairie Style" is derived. On the other hand, the influence of traditional architecture and traditional Japanese spatial design has an important place in Wright's work. He saw the HO- O-Den Temple, built by the Japanese government for the Colombian Exposition of 1893. The encounter with Japanese architecture exerted a decisive impulse on Wright's career according to Grant Carpenter Manson, an American art historian. Thus, the Takonama, center of contemplation and center of the Japanese house, became for Wright the Oversized Soul, animist place and center of the Usonian house. The open relation inside/outside, the non-partitioning of the interior space, the extension of the eaves, all this was present in the HO-O-Den Temple. Wright's singularity is multifaceted: he knows and has practiced the functionalism of the Chicago school in Adler-Sullivan's studio. He acknowledged having read Viollet-le-Duc, his Lectures on Architecture and his Dictionnaire raisonné de l'architecture, which, according to him, enabled him to emerge from the despair he had felt after reading another great pre-modern writer, Victor Hugo's Notre Dame de Paris and his perception of the Renaissance as the twilight of art and especially architecture, because it was the time when the machine, the printing press, dealt its fatal blows to art. It is also clear that he knows John Ruskin, William Morris and the Arts & Crafts movement and that he is sensitive to a certain extent to the Ruskinian refusal of industrial mechanization.

IOSR Journals

Biophilic design is a recent trend in the building industry but its application is antique,buildings like the falling water house have become famous because of its biophilicelements and expressions. Humans are part of nature and its inherent need to connect with nature is embedded in our DNA and our physical, psychological and social wellbeing is depended on this continuos connection. In a world where there is technological improvements and innovations these needs can be met by integrating elements of nature into the built environment asbiophilic design have become a tool in achieving this innate connection. Connecting man with nature can be effectively created directly, indirectly or symbolically using the identified biophilic patterns and parameters. This is areview article which explains the concept of biophiliaandseeks to identify the biophilic design patterns that were employed in the design of the Falling Water House by Frank Lloyd Wright, 1936-1939. Data used for this research paper were sourced from secondary data; books, articles, photographs and architectural magazines to get detailed knowledge about the building of interest. The researchhave identified13 patterns of biophilic design in the falling water house and have expressed in details how it has been used with each of the spaces having a minimum of four(4) identified patterns, the result have also showed that 68% is the nature of the space pattern while natural analogues pattern and nature of the space patterns had 16% respectively.Biophilic designs should be seen as a tradition for contemporary architects to design built spaces, the habitat we create for ourselves should be able to meet our physical, social and psychological needs having less impact on our health and the environment thus, creating a sustainable built environment.

ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings

Max Underwood

This paper examines the prolific residential career of Frank Lloyd Wright (1869-1959), and how he was able to formulate a coherent technical vocabulary out of two investigations, one into the "Technology of Appearance" and a second into the "Technology of Innovation", which ultimately led to a "Technology of Synthesis" and the realization of his masterpiece, Fallingwater in 1935." As Frank Lloyd Wright reminds us, "A house we like to believe is the status quo; a noble consort to man and the trees; therefore the house should have response and such texture as will quiet the whole and make it graciously at one with external Nature. Human houses should not be like boxes, blazing in the sun, nor should we outrage the Machine by trying to make dwelling places too complementary to Machinery. Any building for humane purposes should be an elemental, sympathetic feature of the ground, complementary to its natural environment, belonging by kinship to the terrain and place."

The Branding of Fallingwater (Book)

Gjoko Muratovski

Frank Lloyd Wright's Fallingwater is one of the most unique houses in the world, and it needed people just as unique to help make this timeless treasure a reality. Since Frank Lloyd Wright’s Fallingwater opened to the public in 1964, more than six million visitors have experienced this architectural masterwork. Now, 55 years after its debut, Fallingwater is making its first steps towards establishing itself as an iconic brand as well. Fallingwater has always been a place for inspired thinking. When Edgar Kaufmann, jr. donated Fallingwater and over 1,500 acres surrounding it to the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy (WPC) in 1963, he envisioned Fallingwater not only as a place where visitors would come to experience great architecture but also as a place where a deeper experience of art and nature might occur. In a letter dated October 14, 1963, Kaufmann said, “This gift is made in memory of my parents, Liliane S. and Edgar J. Kaufmann; their wish, in which I join, was that the great natural beauty and architectural excellence of the property which they developed might be more fully available to interested scholars and lovers of nature and the arts.” Each year, Fallingwater Institute honours the vision of Edgar Kaufmann, jr. by welcoming visiting artists/scholars of exceptional talent to live, study, and work on our historic site located in Pennsylvania’s scenic Laurel Highlands. In 2018, Dr Gjoko Muratovski was invited as the inaugural Scholar-in-Residence at the Fallingwater Institute. This book is one of the outputs as a result of his residency at Fallingwater.

REYHAN VARLI GÖRK

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Extended Essay

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Visual Arts: Sample A

Visual arts: sample b, visual arts: sample c.

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Extended Essay (IB): Choosing a subject and topic

• The Inquiry Process
• EE Seminar 1
• EE Seminar 2
• IT Workshop 1
• EE Investigation Days
• EE Writing Days
• Choosing a subject and topic
• Developing a line of inquiry
• Finding and selecting sources
• Working with ideas
• Expressing your ideas
• Using ManageBac
• Supervisor resources
• Who can help?

For your EE you have the freedom to focus on almost any topic and you will write your own question to answer.  However, your topic must fit into a single DP subject (unless you choose to write an interdisciplinary essay, such as a World Studies EE that covers a topic “of contemporary global significance” and is likely to encompass two subject areas).

Given the academic challenge and level expected of an EE, you are strongly advised to choose a subject that you are currently studying, preferably at Higher Level.

Introduction to the Extended Essay

What is the Extended Essay?

• Compulsory element of the core, along with TOK and CAS
• Inquiry-based research project resulting in an essay of up to 4,000 words
• Topic of your choice, but must be based in a DP subject * and meet subject-specific requirements
• You are strongly encouraged to do your essay in one of your HL subjects

*It is possible, under certain circumstances, to combine two subjects and do a World Studies essay but we do not currently recommend this.

What do I need to do?

This guide is just to get your thinking started.

You are going to be spending nine months on your Extended Essay - it is very important to choose a topic that actually interests you, or it is going to be a very long nine months...

Good preparation is much more effective for finding inspiration than last minute panic!

CALVIN AND HOBBES © Watterson. Reprinted with permission of ANDREWS MCMEEL SYNDICATION.  All rights reserved.

How do I choose a subject?

• Think about your interests outside the classroom then check whether they might fit into any IB subject areas.
• Think about your IB subjects, particularly your HL subjects. Which would (and wouldn't) you enjoy exploring in more depth?
• Make a list of the topics (for one or more different subject areas) that you have enjoyed in that subject area and a list of topics you haven’t covered but wish you had. You might want to chat to your teachers or have a look in your textbooks.
• Think about any career aspirations you might have, or any ideas for further study, and they could point you in a direction.

Now have a look at the Subject Group Overviews , below, to see what an EE in that group might involve. It is worth comparing a couple of different subject groups.

Subject Group Overviews

• Group 1: Studies in language and literature
• Group 2: Language acquisition (incl. Classical Languages)
• Group 3: Individuals and societies
• Group 4: Experimental sciences
• Group 5: Mathematics
• Group 6: The Arts
• Interdisciplinary essays

• Category 1 Studies of one or more literary works originally written in the language in which the essay is presented.
• Category 2 Studies of a literary work or works originally written in the language of the essay compared with one or more literary works originally written in another language. (The work originally written in another language may be studied in translation.)
• Category 3 Studies in language based on one or more texts originally produced in the language in which the essay is presented.

Students and teachers must indicate at the point of upload which category of essay they are submitting."

From: IBO (2020) Extended Essay: Studies in language and literature

Students working on a language acquisition EE must demonstrate an in-depth understanding of the language, culture and society or literature studied. This understanding must be shown in the form of:

• an analysis of a cultural context or a specific text OR
• an analysis of trends in the culture studied and the impact of a cultural change on the form or use of the language OR
• an analysis and comparison of literary texts.

For those undertaking a classical Greek or Latin EE, the focus is on demonstrating an understanding of a relevant or significant aspect of the language, literature and civilization of ancient Greece or Rome."

From: IBO (2020) Extended Essay: Language acquisition including classical languages

Note that you may not do your EE in a language you are studying at ab initio level .

The individuals and societies EE is intended to encourage the systematic and critical study of:

• human experience and behaviour
• physical, economic and social environments
• the history and development of social and cultural institutions.

Students’ choice of topic should enable them to recognize that the content and methodologies of the subjects are contestable and that their study requires critical thinking.

Students must have sufficient grounding in the subject under which they submit their essay: reading a textbook or consulting an encyclopedia while writing the EE will not compensate for a lack of proper background knowledge."

From: IBO (2020) Extended Essay: Individuals and societies

Note: The IB considers Environmental Systems and Societies EEs to be interdisciplinary, so materials for these can be found under the Interdisciplinary essays tab, above.

"An extended essay (EE) in the sciences gives students an opportunity to apply a range of skills while researching a topic of personal interest in the field. Students working on a science EE must demonstrate an in-depth analysis of the subject matter studied, be it biology, chemistry, computer science, design technology, physics or sports, exercise and health science. This understanding must be shown in the form of a research paper involving a wellformulated research question. Students should be advised that while there is overlap between the subjects, their study should reflect one specific science area. For example:

• biology—dealing with living organisms and life processes
• chemistry—dealing with the composition, characterization and transformation of substances

...The nature of the topic under investigation should be different for each subject area and students should be careful if they undertake essays that may blur the boundaries between two science subjects. For example, when studying the pH of a body of water, students may investigate the chemicals responsible for the observed pH (chemistry), or the effect of the pH on the biota (biology)."

From: IBO (2020) The Sciences: an introduction from Extended Essay: The sciences

• the applicability of mathematics to solve both real and abstract problems
• the beauty of mathematics, as in, for instance, geometry or fractal theory
• the elegance of mathematics in the proving of theorems as in, for example, number theory
• the origin and subsequent development of a branch of mathematics over a period of time, measured in tens, hundreds or thousands of years
• the links between different branches of mathematics, or the way that branch of mathematics has been born, or has flourished, as a result of technology.

Students should be advised on the importance of formulating logical and coherent reasons for selecting a particular topic for the EE, the need to identify a well-thought-out research question and the requirement to search for the mathematical problems that require a solution. Students must be advised that mathematical research is a long-term and open-ended exploration of a set of related mathematical problems that are based on personal observations. The answers to these problems connect to and build upon each other over time."

From: IBO (2020) Extended Essay: Mathematics

• a coherent analysis and interpretation of their chosen area in relation to a posed research question
• the testing and validation of the research and consideration of its effect on the practice of the investigated area of the arts
• development and exploration in a disciplined and imaginative way of an area of study specifically appropriate to the curriculum area chosen
• a link to a practical dimension.

Each subject area poses its own unique set of challenges. Therefore, the approach to the topic of investigation should reflect the particular methodology most appropriate to the arts subject being studied. Students should have logical and coherent reasons for selecting a particular topic for their essay, a well-thought out research question and an approach that allows them to develop a reasoned argument.

...While there may be overlap between the subjects in the arts and common approaches, the research topic must clearly relate to one specific arts area. If a student chooses a research area that blurs the boundaries between two arts subjects, they must ensure that their essay’s emphasis clearly lies within the arts subject for which they are submitting it. Crucially, the topic selected should reflect each student’s particular interest and enthusiasm within that subject area."

From: IBO (2020) Extended Essay: The arts

For example, in literature and performance, students focus on the nature of the relationships that occur between a chosen text and its adaptation for performance; in world studies an issue of contemporary global significance is explored through the lenses of two subjects ; and in environmental systems and societies the interaction and integration of natural environmental systems and human societies are explored

Students undertaking one of these options must demonstrate a solid understanding of their area of research, taking a fully integrated approach. This examination must be shown in the form of:

• a coherently written and structured essay that effectively addresses an area of research, taking an interdisciplinary approach
• bringing together concepts, methods and approaches from across different subjects
• the development and exploration of an area of study specifically appropriate to the interdisciplinary choice

The most critical stage in preparing for the EE is the formulation of a logical and coherent rationale for selecting a particular topic for the extended essay, a topic that offers enough scope to provide material for a substantial essay , and the development of ideas around the topic and research question that examine existing views and argue against them."

From: IBO (2020) Interdisciplinary essays: an introduction from Extended Essay: Interdisciplinary essays

We do not recommend undertaking an EE in World Studies. If you choose to do so anyway, make sure that you consider very carefully whether your topic would fit the requirements of a single subject discipline instead. It can be challenging to juggle the requirements of two different subjects while undertaking a piece of academic research like this for the first time, particularly if you do not currently study one or both of the subjects.

Note that the Treatment of the Topic section of the Subject Guide for World Studies says that:

"It is expected that students will have a good grounding in at least one of the Diploma Programme subjects used in the EE.

If they are unfamiliar with a discipline used, they must access its syllabus so that they can identify the concepts, terminology and modes of thinking required for their EE. (Many IB syllabuses contain lists of key concepts.)"

This means that whether or not you are currently studying either or both of the subject areas your World Studies EE is based in  you will need to use DP Level concepts, terminology and modes of thinking appropriate to both subject areas.

Subject Specific Guidance

Use the links below to explore the Subject-Specific Guidance for your chosen subject. Note that it is very important to use the side navigation menu to make sure you have read ALL the relevant guidance (see example for Biology, below).

You MUST read the subject-specific guidance before completing your Supervisor Application Form, and reread it before completing your Research Proposal Log. You might find it helpful to take notes using the Using the Subject-Specific Guidelines table.

Electronic versions of these can be found at the top right hand side of this page (follow links). If you wish to submit your handwritten version to ManageBac, you may upload a (legible!) photograph.

Ethical guidelines

You must address the IB ethical guidelines in your Research Proposal and follow them throughout the EE process. Some Subject Guides will contain specific ethical guidelines for that subject, but here are some general guides you might need to refer to:

Extended essays from previous years

Past essays

It can be really useful at this stage to look at essays from previous Oakham students, to see what kinds of topics they investigated and what their final essays looked like. These are upstairs in the library and can be looked at while you are here.

Please remember:

• These are all the essays from past Oakhamians and they were awarded a range of grades (which are recorded on the contents pages). They are not a set of examples of 'good' essays or even 'good' titles.
• There have been several rule changes in the past, most notably in 2018, so make sure you are aware of the current rules.

You may take photographs of individual pages (such as the contents pages). You may not photograph or photocopy whole essays.

How do I choose a topic?

Go back to your brainstormed list of topics from the first session:

• Eliminate any that you don’t really want to write about and focus on the rest.
• Use the ideas on the mind map below to examine these topics and decide which might be worth further exploration. You might choose to make a mind map like this for some of your topics.

Before deciding on a topic you should do some preliminary research to see what information is out there. Make a few brief notes as you go.

• General internet browsing: You could begin with some freestyle internet searching on a broad topic that interests you. Search for your topic online, give yourself an hour to follow links and see where they take you – keeping an EE focus, of course!
• Subscription Databases : While you will almost certainly search the databases extensively for your research once you have chosen a topic, you can also browse them to help you to chose one. See the ' Browsing our subscription databases ' box below for advice on the best ones to choose for this. Using the subscription databases to help you to choose a topic also means that you are guaranteed to be able to find high quality information on that topic.
• Talk to your teachers, friends and family

Put your notes away, forget about what you have read for a few days, then see what you remember.  This time and distance is important as it is likely that you will remember what is of most interest to you, and so the angle you should develop.

Aim to have three suggestions for topic areas you might like to explore for your EE to explore further before making a decision .

Browsing our subscription databases

You are likely to have used our databases in the past to search for information on specific topics, but many of them are also excellent when browsing for ideas. I have made some suggestions below. You will need to access them from the list on our Subscription Databases page (using the log in information given if you are not on the school network).

An excellent series of ebooks providing a short, academic introduction to a wide range of topics. Choose 'Browse by subject' from the menu bar to explore them (or use the excellent search facility if you know which topic you are interested in).

An online encyclopaedia that you can trust and cite! Choose 'Advanced' then 'Explore: Articles' to browse Britannica in a range of different subject areas.

Hodder Education Magazines

Although aimed at A-level students, browsing these Review magazines may be a good way to identify a broad topic of interest. After you log-in, you can choose to search the whole database or choose a specific subject and browse/search within it.

Other, subject-specific resources

• Art: Oxford Art
• Drama: Drama Online
• Economics: Financial Times and Gale Newspaper Collection
• English literature: Connell Guides, EBSCO Literary Reference Centre, emagazine and MASSOLIT (a video-based resource)
• Music: Naxos Music Library, Oxford Music
• Politics: Financial Times and Gale Newspaper Collection 

Using the Subject Specific Guidelines

This table will help you work with the Subject-Specific Guidelines as you choose your topic. You are not required to submit this form to your supervisor, but you might find it helpful when filling in your Supervisor Application Form and Research Proposal.

AI Prompt Catcher

• AI Prompt Catcher Example

This Prompt Catcher  must  be completed if you are using AI tools as part of your initial research.  Since examiners cannot access the exact AI-generated content subsequently, you must cite and reference the tool in your essay and include a copy of the Prompt Catcher containing the generated content and the prompt you used to generate it in an appendix.

Annotated bibliography

This resource will help you to keep track of all the different sources you find. Once you start working with each source in more detail, you will also need a tool like the Investigative Journal to organise your notes.

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The Moscow Metro Museum of Art: 10 Must-See Stations

There are few times one can claim having been on the subway all afternoon and loving it, but the Moscow Metro provides just that opportunity.  While many cities boast famous public transport systems—New York’s subway, London’s underground, San Salvador’s chicken buses—few warrant hours of exploration.  Moscow is different: Take one ride on the Metro, and you’ll find out that this network of railways can be so much more than point A to B drudgery.

The Metro began operating in 1935 with just thirteen stations, covering less than seven miles, but it has since grown into the world’s third busiest transit system ( Tokyo is first ), spanning about 200 miles and offering over 180 stops along the way.  The construction of the Metro began under Joseph Stalin’s command, and being one of the USSR’s most ambitious building projects, the iron-fisted leader instructed designers to create a place full of svet (radiance) and svetloe budushchee (a radiant future), a palace for the people and a tribute to the Mother nation.

Consequently, the Metro is among the most memorable attractions in Moscow.  The stations provide a unique collection of public art, comparable to anything the city’s galleries have to offer and providing a sense of the Soviet era, which is absent from the State National History Museum.  Even better, touring the Metro delivers palpable, experiential moments, which many of us don’t get standing in front of painting or a case of coins.

Though tours are available , discovering the Moscow Metro on your own provides a much more comprehensive, truer experience, something much less sterile than following a guide.  What better place is there to see the “real” Moscow than on mass transit: A few hours will expose you to characters and caricatures you’ll be hard-pressed to find dining near the Bolshoi Theater.  You become part of the attraction, hear it in the screech of the train, feel it as hurried commuters brush by: The Metro sucks you beneath the city and churns you into the mix.

With the recommendations of our born-and-bred Muscovite students, my wife Emma and I have just taken a self-guided tour of what some locals consider the top ten stations of the Moscow Metro. What most satisfied me about our Metro tour was the sense of adventure .  I loved following our route on the maps of the wagon walls as we circled the city, plotting out the course to the subsequent stops; having the weird sensation of being underground for nearly four hours; and discovering the next cavern of treasures, playing Indiana Jones for the afternoon, piecing together fragments of Russia’s mysterious history.  It’s the ultimate interactive museum.

Top Ten Stations (In order of appearance)

Kievskaya station.

Kievskaya Station went public in March of 1937, the rails between it and Park Kultury Station being the first to cross the Moscow River.  Kievskaya is full of mosaics depicting aristocratic scenes of Russian life, with great cameo appearances by Lenin, Trotsky, and Stalin.  Each work has a Cyrillic title/explanation etched in the marble beneath it; however, if your Russian is rusty, you can just appreciate seeing familiar revolutionary dates like 1905 ( the Russian Revolution ) and 1917 ( the October Revolution ).

Mayakovskaya Station

Mayakovskaya Station ranks in my top three most notable Metro stations. Mayakovskaya just feels right, done Art Deco but no sense of gaudiness or pretention.  The arches are adorned with rounded chrome piping and create feeling of being in a jukebox, but the roof’s expansive mosaics of the sky are the real showstopper.  Subjects cleverly range from looking up at a high jumper, workers atop a building, spires of Orthodox cathedrals, to nimble aircraft humming by, a fleet of prop planes spelling out CCCP in the bluest of skies.

Novoslobodskaya Station

Novoslobodskaya is the Metro’s unique stained glass station.  Each column has its own distinctive panels of colorful glass, most of them with a floral theme, some of them capturing the odd sailor, musician, artist, gardener, or stenographer in action.  The glass is framed in Art Deco metalwork, and there is the lovely aspect of discovering panels in the less frequented haunches of the hall (on the trackside, between the incoming staircases).  Novosblod is, I’ve been told, the favorite amongst out-of-town visitors.

Komsomolskaya Station

Komsomolskaya Station is one of palatial grandeur.  It seems both magnificent and obligatory, like the presidential palace of a colonial city.  The yellow ceiling has leafy, white concrete garland and a series of golden military mosaics accenting the tile mosaics of glorified Russian life.  Switching lines here, the hallway has an Alice-in-Wonderland feel, impossibly long with decorative tile walls, culminating in a very old station left in a remarkable state of disrepair, offering a really tangible glimpse behind the palace walls.

Dostoevskaya Station

Dostoevskaya is a tribute to the late, great hero of Russian literature .  The station at first glance seems bare and unimpressive, a stark marble platform without a whiff of reassembled chips of tile.  However, two columns have eerie stone inlay collages of scenes from Dostoevsky’s work, including The Idiot , The Brothers Karamazov , and Crime and Punishment.   Then, standing at the center of the platform, the marble creates a kaleidoscope of reflections.  At the entrance, there is a large, inlay portrait of the author.

Chkalovskaya Station

Chkalovskaya does space Art Deco style (yet again).  Chrome borders all.  Passageways with curvy overhangs create the illusion of walking through the belly of a chic, new-age spacecraft.  There are two (kos)mosaics, one at each end, with planetary subjects.  Transferring here brings you above ground, where some rather elaborate metalwork is on display.  By name similarity only, I’d expected Komsolskaya Station to deliver some kosmonaut décor; instead, it was Chkalovskaya that took us up to the space station.

Elektrozavodskaya Station

Elektrozavodskaya is full of marble reliefs of workers, men and women, laboring through the different stages of industry.  The superhuman figures are round with muscles, Hollywood fit, and seemingly undeterred by each Herculean task they respectively perform.  The station is chocked with brass, from hammer and sickle light fixtures to beautiful, angular framework up the innards of the columns.  The station’s art pieces are less clever or extravagant than others, but identifying the different stages of industry is entertaining.

Baumanskaya Statio

Baumanskaya Station is the only stop that wasn’t suggested by the students.  Pulling in, the network of statues was just too enticing: Out of half-circle depressions in the platform’s columns, the USSR’s proud and powerful labor force again flaunts its success.  Pilots, blacksmiths, politicians, and artists have all congregated, posing amongst more Art Deco framing.  At the far end, a massive Soviet flag dons the face of Lenin and banners for ’05, ’17, and ‘45.  Standing in front of the flag, you can play with the echoing roof.

Ploshchad Revolutsii Station

Novokuznetskaya Station

Novokuznetskaya Station finishes off this tour, more or less, where it started: beautiful mosaics.  This station recalls the skyward-facing pieces from Mayakovskaya (Station #2), only with a little larger pictures in a more cramped, very trafficked area.  Due to a line of street lamps in the center of the platform, it has the atmosphere of a bustling market.  The more inventive sky scenes include a man on a ladder, women picking fruit, and a tank-dozer being craned in.  The station’s also has a handsome black-and-white stone mural.

Here is a map and a brief description of our route:

Start at (1)Kievskaya on the “ring line” (look for the squares at the bottom of the platform signs to help you navigate—the ring line is #5, brown line) and go north to Belorusskaya, make a quick switch to the Dark Green/#2 line, and go south one stop to (2)Mayakovskaya.  Backtrack to the ring line—Brown/#5—and continue north, getting off at (3)Novosblodskaya and (4)Komsolskaya.  At Komsolskaya Station, transfer to the Red/#1 line, go south for two stops to Chistye Prudy, and get on the Light Green/#10 line going north.  Take a look at (5)Dostoevskaya Station on the northern segment of Light Green/#10 line then change directions and head south to (6)Chkalovskaya, which offers a transfer to the Dark Blue/#3 line, going west, away from the city center.  Have a look (7)Elektroskaya Station before backtracking into the center of Moscow, stopping off at (8)Baumskaya, getting off the Dark Blue/#3 line at (9)Ploschad Revolyutsii.  Change to the Dark Green/#2 line and go south one stop to see (10)Novokuznetskaya Station.

Check out our new Moscow Indie Travel Guide , book a flight to Moscow and read 10 Bars with Views Worth Blowing the Budget For

Jonathon Engels, formerly a patron saint of misadventure, has been stumbling his way across cultural borders since 2005 and is currently volunteering in the mountains outside of Antigua, Guatemala.  For more of his work, visit his website and blog .

Photo credits:   SergeyRod , all others courtesy of the author and may not be used without permission

What is the extended essay

The extended essay is a required component of the International Baccalaureate® (IB) Diploma Programme (DP). 

It is an independent piece of research, culminating with a 4,000-word paper.

What is the significance of the extended essay?

The extended essay provides:

• practical preparation for undergraduate research
• an opportunity for students to investigate a topic of personal interest to them, which relates to one of the student's six DP subjects, or takes the interdisciplinary approach of a World Studies extended essay.

Through the research process for the extended essay, students develop skills in:

• formulating an appropriate research question
• engaging in a personal exploration of the topic
• communicating ideas
• developing an argument. 

Participation in this process develops the capacity to analyze, synthesize and evaluate knowledge.

An extended essay can also be undertaken in world studies , where students carry out an in-depth interdisciplinary study of an issue of contemporary global significance, across two IB diploma disciplines.

How is study of the extended essay structured?

Students are supported throughout the process of researching and writing the extended essay, with advice and guidance from a supervisor who is usually a teacher at the school.

Students are required to have three mandatory reflection sessions with their supervisors. The final session, a concluding interview, is also known as viva voce .

The extended essay and reflection sessions can be a valuable stimulus for discussion in countries where interviews are required prior to acceptance for employment or for a place at university.

How is the extended essay assessed?

All extended essays are externally assessed by examiners appointed by the IB. They are marked on a scale from 0 to 34.

The score a student receives relates to a band. The bands are:

• A – work of an excellent standard.
• B – work of a good standard.
• C –work of a satisfactory standard.
• D – work of a mediocre standard.
• E – work of an elementary standard.

Find out how points awarded for the extended essay contribute to a student’s overall diploma score .

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Treasures of the Moscow Metro: Orange Line stations that honor the Arctic and Baltic

Medvdedkovo.

The interior decoration of Medvedkovo station is devoted to the severe and unforgiving nature of the Russian North. On the walls one sees eight metallic bas-reliefs with a polar bear on an ice floe, the hunt for snow gooses, reindeer sledding and more.

This is one of the most lavishly decorated stations on the Orange Line. The walls have 48 mosaics devoted to Russian cities that surround Moscow, including their coats of arms. Near each mosaic stands the name of the city.

There’s a large colorful mosaic of girls in traditional Russian dresses above the entrance to the platform. The image on the opposite side depicts medieval Russian horsemen and a chronicler. This image is devoted to the ancient epic Slavic poem,   The Tale of Igor's Campaign .

Botanichesky Sad

This station brings one to the largest botanical garden in Europe, and the station’s interior decoration is devoted to the topic of natural beauty. On the walls, one sees metallic bas-reliefs with simple images of flowers, apples and grapes.

Rizhskiy Railway Station is located at this metro stop. From here, trains travel to the Latvian capital. No surprise that the station, which was designed by the Soviet Latvian architects, was dedicated to that Baltic country and its capital, Riga.

The yellow and brown colors epitomize different kinds of amber that is plentiful in the Baltic Sea region. On the columns one sees images related to Latvia: Riga’s port, the Latvian Academy of Science, the Central Market (one of the largest in Europe), Old Riga and more.

Tretyakovskaya

This station leads to the famous State Tretyakov Gallery, the foremost repository of Russian fine art anywhere in the world. The station walls are decorated with the bronze bas-reliefs of Russian artists, sculptors and icon painters. Above the portal on the way to the escalators one sees a large image of the Tretyakov Gallery.

This station brings you to the famous Exhibition of Achievements of National Economy (VDNKH) – one of the world’s largest exhibition centers. During the Soviet period it represented the best industrial achievements of all Soviet Republics. Today, it offers visitors a wide range of activities, from shopping to shows and skating, and other sport activities.

Despite its name, the station is modestly decorated. At the exit one sees a huge modern (1997) ceramic image. Made according to traditions of the Old Russian style of Gzhel, the image depicts the 19 th   century market, as well as several Russian monasteries. 

Besides Moscow and St. Petersburg, several other Russian cities have metro systems, and most stations are masterpieces of art and architecture. Find out more about them.

If using any of Russia Beyond's content, partly or in full, always provide an active hyperlink to the original material.

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