Unsupported Browser Detected. It seems the web browser you're using doesn't support some of the features of this site. For the best experience, we recommend using a modern browser that supports the features of this website. We recommend Google Chrome , Mozilla Firefox , or Microsoft Edge

  • Mandarin Jumpstart
  • National Chinese Language Conference
  • Teaching Resources Hub
  • Language Learning Supporters
  • About Global Competence
  • Global Competency Resources
  • Teaching for Global Understanding
  • Thought Leadership

Discover Asia

  • Global Learning Updates
  • Results and Opportunities
  • News and Events
  • Classroom Profiles and Case Studies
  • Background Reading on Asia

Indian Society and Ways of Living

Organization of social life in india.

Student of an English school in Rajasthan, India. (since1969/flickr)

India offers astounding variety in virtually every aspect of social life. Diversities of ethnic, linguistic, regional, economic, religious, class, and caste groups crosscut Indian society, which is also permeated with immense urban-rural differences and gender distinctions. Differences between north India and south India are particularly significant, especially in systems of kinship and marriage. Indian society is multifaceted to an extent perhaps unknown in any other of the world’s great civilizations—it is more like an area as varied as Europe than any other single nation-state. Adding further variety to contemporary Indian culture are rapidly occurring changes affecting various regions and socioeconomic groups in disparate ways. Yet, amid the complexities of Indian life, widely accepted cultural themes enhance social harmony and order.

Themes In Indian Society

India is a hierarchical society. Whether in north India or south India, Hindu or Muslim, urban or village, virtually all things, people, and social groups are ranked according to various essential qualities. Although India is a political democracy, notions of complete equality are seldom evident in daily life.

Asia Society in India

Asia Society India presents an array of perspectives on modern Asia, cultivating nuanced understandings of Asia-Pacific affairs through diverse programming, such as lectures, policy roundtables, musical performances, and film screenings.

India offers astounding variety in virtually every aspect of social life. 

Societal hierarchy is evident in caste groups, amongst individuals, and in family and kinship groups. Castes are primarily associated with Hinduism, but caste-like groups also exist among Muslims, Indian, Christians, and other religious communities. Within most villages or towns, everyone knows the relative rankings of each locally represented caste, and behavior is constantly shaped by this knowledge.

Individuals are also ranked according to their wealth and power. For example, some powerful people, or “big men,” sit confidently on chairs, while “little men” come before them to make requests, either standing or squatting not presuming to sit beside a man of high status as an equal.

Hierarchy plays an important role within families and kinship groupings also, where men outrank women of similar age, and senior relatives outrank junior relatives. Formal respect is accorded family members—for example, in northern India, a daughter-in-law shows deference to her husband, to all senior in-laws, and to all daughters of the household. Siblings, too, recognize age differences, with younger siblings addressing older siblings by respectful terms rather than by name.

Purity and Pollution

Many status differences in Indian society are expressed in terms of ritual purity and pollution, complex notions that vary greatly among different castes, religious groups, and regions. Generally, high status is associated with purity and low status with pollution. Some kinds of purity are inherent; for example, a member of a high-ranking Brahmin, or priestly, caste is born with more inherent purity than someone born into a low-ranking sweeper, or scavenger, caste. Other kinds of purity are more transitory—for example, a Brahmin who has just taken a bath is more ritually pure than a Brahmin who has not bathed for a day.

Purity is associated with ritual cleanliness—daily bathing in flowing water, dressing in freshly laundered clothes, eating only the foods appropriate for one’s caste, and avoiding physical contact with people of significantly lower rank or with impure substances, such as the bodily wastes of another adult. Involvement with the products of death or violence is usually ritually polluting.

Social Interdependence

One of the great themes pervading Indian life is social interdependence. People are born into groups—families, clans, subcastes, castes , and religious communities—and feel a deep sense of inseparability from these groups. People are deeply involved with others, and for many, the greatest fear is the possibility of being left alone, without social support. Psychologically, family members typically experience intense emotional interdependence. Economic activities, too, are deeply imbedded in a social nexus. Through a multitude of kinship ties, each person is linked with kin in villages and towns near and far. Almost everywhere a person goes, he can find a relative from whom he can expect moral and practical support.

In every activity, social ties can help a person and the absence of them can bring failure. Seldom do people carry out even the simplest tasks on their own. When a small child eats, his mother puts the food into his mouth with her own hand. When a girl brings water home from the well in pots on her head, someone helps her unload the pots. A student hopes that an influential relative or friend can facilitate his college admission. A young person anticipates that parents will arrange his or her marriage. Finally, a person facing death expects that relatives will conduct the proper funeral rites ensuring his own smooth passage to the next stage of existence and reaffirming social ties among mourners.

This sense of interdependence extends into the theological realm. From birth onward, a child learns that his “fate” has been “written” by divine forces and that his life is shaped by powerful deities with whom an ongoing relationship must be maintained.

Family and Kinship

Family ideals.

The essential themes of Indian cultural life are learned within the bosom of a family. The joint family is highly valued, ideally consisting of several generations residing, working, eating, and worshiping together. Such families include men related through the male line, along with their wives, children, and unmarried daughters. A wife usually lives with her husband’s relatives, although she retains important bonds with her natal family. Even in rapidly modernizing India, the traditional joint household remains for most Indians the primary social force, in both ideal and practice.

Large families tend to be flexible and well suited to modern Indian life, especially for the more than two-thirds of Indians who are involved in agriculture. As in most primarily agricultural societies, cooperating kin help provide mutual economic security. The joint family is also common in cities, where kinship ties are often crucial to obtaining employment or financial assistance. Many prominent families, such as the Tatas, Birlas, and Sarabhais, retain joint family arrangements as they cooperate in controlling major financial empires.

The ancient ideal of the joint family retains its power, but today actual living arrangements vary widely. Many Indians live in nuclear families—-a couple with their unmarried children—-but belong to strong networks of beneficial kinship ties. Often, clusters of relatives live as neighbors, responding readily to their kinship obligations.

As they expand, joint families typically divide into smaller units, which gradually grow into new joint families, continuing a perpetual cycle. Today, some family members may move about to take advantage of job opportunities, typically sending money home to the larger family.

Family Authority and Harmony

In the Indian household, lines of hierarchy and authority are clearly drawn, and ideals of conduct help maintain family harmony. [i] All family members are socialized to accept the authority of those above them in the hierarchy. The eldest male acts as family head, and his wife supervises her daughters-in-law, among whom the youngest has the least authority. Reciprocally, those in authority accept responsibility for meeting the needs of other family members.

Family loyalty is a deeply held ideal, and family unity is emphasized, especially in distinction to those outside the kinship circle. Inside the household, ties between spouses and between parents and their own children are de-emphasized to enhance a wider sense of family harmony. For example, open displays of affection between husbands and wives are considered highly improper.

Traditionally, males have controlled key family resources, such as land or businesses, especially in high-status groups. Following traditional Hindu law, women did not inherit real estate and were thus beholden to their male kin who controlled land and buildings. Under Muslim customary law, women can—and do—inherit real estate, but their shares have typically been smaller than those of males. Modern legislation allows all Indian women to inherit real estate. Traditionally, for those families who could afford it, women have controlled some wealth in the form of precious jewelry.

Veiling and the Seclusion of Women

A significant aspect of Indian family life is purdah (from Hindi parda, or “curtain”), or the veiling and seclusion of women. In much of northern and central India, particularly in rural areas, Hindu and Muslim women follow complex rules of veiling the body and avoidance of public appearance, especially before relatives linked by marriage and before strange men. Purdah practices are linked to patterns of authority and harmony within the family. Hindu and Muslim purdah observances differ in certain key ways, but female modesty and decorum as well as concepts of family honor and prestige are essential to the various forms of purdah. Purdah restrictions are generally stronger for women of conservative high-status families. [ii] Restriction and restraint for women in virtually every aspect of life are essential to purdah, limiting women’s access to power and to the control of vital resources in a male-dominated society. Sequestered women should conceal their bodies and even their faces with modest clothing and veils before certain categories of people, avoid extramarital relations, and move about in public only with a male escort. Poor and low-status women often practice attenuated versions of veiling as they work in the fields and on construction gangs.

Hindu women of conservative families veil their faces and remain silent in the presence of older male in-laws, both at home and in the community. A young daughter-in-law even veils from her mother-inlaw. These practices emphasize respect relationships, limit unapproved encounters, and enhance family lines of authority.

For Muslims, veiling is especially stressed outside the home, where a conservative woman may wear an all-enveloping black burka. Such purdah shelters women—-and the sexual inviolability of the family-— from unrelated unknown men.

In south India, purdah has been little practiced, except in certain minority groups. In northern and central India today, purdah practices are diminishing, and among urbanites and even the rural elite, they are rapidly vanishing. Chastity and female modesty are still highly valued, but as education and employment opportunities for women increase, veiling has all but disappeared in progressive circles.

Life Passages

The birth of an infant is celebrated with rites of welcome and blessing, typically much more elaborate for a boy than for a girl. Although India boasts many eminent women and was once led by a powerful woman prime minister, Indira Gandhi, and while goddesses are extensively worshiped in Hindu rituals, statistics reveal that girls are, in fact, disadvantaged in India. The 2001 Census counted only 933 females per 1000 males, reflecting sex-selective abortion, poorer medical care and nutrition, and occasional infanticide targeting females. [iii] Parents favor boys because their value in agricultural activities tends to be higher, and after marriage a boy continues residing with his parents, supporting them as they age. In contrast, a girl drains family resources, especially when a large dowry goes with her to her husband’s home. In recent decades, demands for dowries have become quite exorbitant in certain groups.

Marriage is deemed essential for virtually everyone in India, marking the great watershed in life for the individual. For most of Hindu northern and central India, marriages are arranged within the caste between unrelated young people who may never have met. Among some south Indians communities and many Muslims, families seek to strengthen existing kin ties through marriages with cousins whenever possible. For every parent, finding the perfect partner for one’s child is a challenging task. People use their existing social networks, and increasingly, matrimonial newspaper advertisements. The advertisements usually announce religion, caste, educational qualifications, physical features, and earning capacity, and may hint at dowry size (even though giving or accepting dowries is actually illegal).

Among the highly educated, brides and grooms sometimes find each other in college or professional settings. So-called love marriages are becoming less scandalous than in previous years. Among Indian residents of North America, brides and grooms often meet through South Asian matrimonial websites. Many self-arranged marriages link couples of different castes but similar socioeconomic status.

Usually, a bride lives with her husband in his parental home, where she should accept the authority of his senior relatives, perform household duties, and produce children—especially sons—to enhance his family line. Ideally, she honors her husband, proudly wears the cosmetic adornments of a married woman, and cheerfully fulfills her new role. If she is fortunate, her husband will treat her with consideration, treasure her contributions to his household, and allow her continuing contact with her natal relatives. For many young wives, this is a difficult transition. While some negative stigma is still attached to women’s employment in many circles, an increasing number of women are working in a variety of occupations.

Death causes the restructuring of any family. The demise of a woman’s husband brings the dreaded status of inauspicious widowhood. Widows of low-status groups have always been allowed to remarry, but widows of high rank have been expected to remain chaste until death.

Caste and Class

Varna, caste, and other divisions.

Social inequality exists throughout the world, but perhaps nowhere has inequality been so elaborately constructed as in the Indian institution of caste . Caste has existed for many centuries, but in the modern period it has been severely criticized and is undergoing significant change.

Castes are ranked, named, endogamous (in-marrying) groups, membership in which is achieved by birth. There are thousands of castes and subcastes in India, involving hundreds of millions of people. These large kinship-based groups are fundamental to South Asian social structure. Caste membership provides a sense of belonging to a recognized group from whom support can be expected in a variety of situations.

The word caste derives from the Portuguese casta, meaning species, race, or kind. Among Indian terms sometimes translated as caste are varna, jati, jat, biradri, and samaj. Varna, or color, actually refers to four large categories that include numerous castes. The other terms refer to castes and subdivisions of castes often called subcastes.

Many castes are associated with traditional occupations, such as priests, potters, barbers, carpenters, leatherworkers, butchers, and launderers. Members of higher-ranking castes tend to be more prosperous than members of lower-ranking castes, who often endure poverty and social disadvantage. The so-called “Untouchables” were traditionally relegated to polluting tasks. Since 1935, “Untouchables” have been known as “Scheduled Castes,” and Mahatma Gandhi called them Harijans, or “Children of God.” Today, the politically correct term for these groups, who make up some 16% of the population, is Dalit, or “Oppressed.” Other groups, usually called tribes (often referred to as “Scheduled Tribes”) are also integrated into the caste system to varying degrees.

In past decades, Dalits in certain areas had to display extreme deference to high-status people and were barred from most temples and wells. Such degrading discrimination was outlawed under legislation passed during British rule and was repudiated by preindependence reform movements led by Mahatma Gandhi and Bhimrao Ramji (B.R.) Ambedkar, a Dalit leader. After independence in 1947, Dr. Ambedkar almost single-handedly wrote India’s constitution, including provisions barring caste-based discrimination. However, Dalits as a group still suffer significant disadvantages, especially in rural areas.

Within castes, explicit standards are maintained. Rules of marriage, diet, dress, occupation, and other behaviors are enforced, often by a caste council (panchayat). Infringements can be punished by fines and temporary or permanent outcasting. Individuals and caste groups can hope to rise slowly on the hierarchy through economic success and adoption of high-caste behaviors. However, it is virtually impossible for an individual to raise his own status by falsely claiming to belong to a higher caste; a deception of this kind is easily discovered.

In rural areas, many low-caste people still suffer from landlessness, unemployment, and discriminatory practices. In the growing cities, however, caste affiliations are often unknown to casual associates, and traditional restrictions on intercaste interactions are fading fast. In some urbane circles, intercaste marriages linking mates of similar class status have become acceptable. Correlations between caste and occupations are declining rapidly.

In recent years, key changes have occurred in caste observances. It is now legally and socially unacceptable to openly advocate any caste’s superiority or inferiority, and lower caste groups are flexing their political muscle. Even as traditional hierarchies weaken, caste identities are being reinforced, especially among disadvantaged groups with rights to special educational benefits and substantial quotas reserved for them of electoral offices and government jobs. In protest against Hinduism’s rigid rankings, thousands of Dalits have embraced Buddhism, following the example of the revered B.R. Ambedkar. [iv]

Most Indians reside in villages, where caste and class affiliations overlap. Large landholders are overwhelmingly upper caste, and smallscale farmers middle caste, while landless laborers typically belong to the lowest-ranking castes. These groups tend to form a three-level class system of stratification in rural areas, and members of the groups are drawing together within regions across caste lines in order to enhance their economic and political power. For example, since the late 1960s, some of the middle-ranking cultivating castes of northern India, spurred by competition with higher-caste landed elites, have cooperated politically in order to advance their common economic interests.v In cities, class lines adhere less obviously to caste affiliations, as vested interests strongly crosscut caste boundaries.

When looking at India as a whole, defining classes is a difficult task, rife with vague standards. According to various estimates, the upper classes include about one percent of the population, or some ten million people, encompassing wealthy property owners, industrialists, former royalty, top executives, and prosperous entrepreneurs. Slightly below them are the many millions of the upper middle class. At the other end of the scale is approximately half of India’s population, including low-level workers of many kinds, as well as hundreds of millions of extremely poor people, who endure grossly inadequate housing and education and many other economic hardships.

But the big development in India is the rapid expansion of a prosperous middle class increasingly dictating the country’s political and economic direction. [vi] Estimated at perhaps 300 million people—-more than the entire population of the United States-—this new vanguard, straddling town and countryside and all religious communities, is mobile, driven, consumer-oriented, and, to some extent, forward-looking. This group includes prosperous farmers, white-collar workers, business and professional people, military personnel, and a multitude of others, all enjoying decent homes, reasonable incomes, and educated and healthy children. Most own televisions and telephones, and many possess cars and computers. Large numbers have close ties with prosperous relatives living abroad.

Village Structure and Unity

About three-fourths of India’s people live in some 500,000 villages, where India’s most basic business—agriculture takes place. Most villages have fewer than 1,000 inhabitants, but some have as many as 5,000 people. Indian villages are often quite complex and are not isolated socially or economically. Most villages include a multiplicity of economic, caste, kinship, occupational, and even religious groups linked vertically within each settlement. Residents typically range from priests and cultivators to merchants, artisans, and laborers. Various crucial horizontal linkages connect each village with many others and with urban areas both near and far. In daily life and at colorful festivals and rituals, members of various groups provide essential goods and services for one another.

Traditionally, villages often recognized a headman and a panchayat, a council composed of important local men. Usually, disputes were adjudicated within the village, with infrequent recourse to the police or courts. Today, the government supports an elective panchayat and headman system, which is distinct from the traditional system, and, in many cases, mandates the inclusion of members who are women or very low caste. According to a schedule rotating every few years, the head of the council of a certain percentage of villages must be a woman or a Dalit. State and federal government regulations increasingly intrude into village life, diminishing traditional systems of authority. Further, dissent and competitiveness seem to have increased in many parts of rural India as a result of the expanding involvement of villagers with the wider world via travel, work, education, and television, and increased pressure on land and resources as village populations grow.

The acceleration of urbanization is profoundly affecting the transformation of Indian society. Slightly more than one-quarter of the country’s population is urban. Mumbai (Bombay) is currently the sixth largest urban area in the world at 18 million, and Kolkata (Calcutta) ranks fourteenth at 13 million. In recent years, India’s largest cities have grown at twice the rate of its small towns and villages, with many of the increases due to rural-urban migration.

The largest cities are densely populated, congested, noisy, polluted, and deficient in clean water, electricity, sanitation, and decent housing. Slums abound, often cheek-by-jowl with luxury apartment buildings, with the roads overrun with pedestrians, cattle, refuse, and vehicles spewing diesel fumes.

Traditional caste hierarchies are weak in cities, but caste ties remain important, as scarce jobs are often obtained through caste fellows, relatives, and friends. Ingenuity and tenacity characterize poor urban workers supporting themselves through a multitude of tasks as entrepreneurs, petty traders, and menial laborers.

The ranks of the growing middle class are increasingly evident in cities, where educational and employment opportunities benefit them. For them, as for all in the city, linkages are affirmed through neighborhood solidarity, voluntary associations, and festival celebrations.

Cities, of course, are the great hubs of commerce, education, science, politics, and government, upon which the functioning of the nation depends. India’s movie industry is the world’s largest, centered in Mumbai and Chennai, and popular television stations are proliferating. These bring vivid depictions of urban lifestyles to small-town dwellers and villagers all over the country, affecting the aspirations of millions.

Social revolutions, too, receive the support of urban visionaries, such as those shaping the growing women’s movement. Largely led by educated urban women, the movement seeks gender justice on a wide variety of issues, focusing particularly on the escalating issue of dowry-related murders of young wives, which number in the thousands annually. The overwhelming economic needs of poor female workers are being addressed by organizations such as the Self-Employed Women’s Association (SEWA) of Ahmedabad, led by Ela Bhatt.

Future Trends

Now numbering over one billion, India’s population grew by more than 18 million—the equivalent of an Australia—every year over the past decade. In ten years, the most populous state, Uttar Pradesh, expanded more than 25 percent to some 166 million, equal to 60 percent of the population of the United States. India supports a population more than three and a half times the size of the American population in an area about one-third the size. Family planning is gaining in popularity, so the rate of population increase is gradually declining, but it is estimated that by the year 2050, India’s people will number some 1.5 billion, and India will have surpassed China as the world’s most populous nation.

In India’s vociferous democracy, different groups are increasingly demanding their share of scarce resources and benefits. While new agricultural crops and techniques are expanding productivity, forests, rangeland, and water tables are diminishing. As competition grows, political, social, ecological, and economic issues are hotly contested. Justice in matters pertaining to class, gender, and access to desirable resources remains an elusive goal.

India is but one of many nations facing these crucial problems and is not alone in seeking solutions. For many centuries, the people of India have shown strength in creating manageable order from complexity, bringing together widely disparate groups in structured efforts to benefit the wider society, encouraging harmony among people with divergent interests, knowing that close relatives and friends can rely upon each other, allocating different tasks to those with different skills, and striving to do what is morally right in the eyes of the divine and the community. These are some of the great strengths upon which Indian society can rely as it seeks to meet the challenges of the future.

Discover More

Tarun J. Tejpal speaking at Asia Society New York on Oct. 4, 2012.

Crime, Caste, and Corruption

Caste, Color, and Gender at JLF New York 2019

Caste, Color, and Gender

Bumiller, Elisabeth. May You Be the Mother of a Hundred Sons: A Journey among the Women of India . New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1990.

Das Gupta, Monica, and Li Shuzhuo. “Gender Bias in China, the Republic of Korea, and India 1920-90: Effects of War, Famine, and Fertility Decline.” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 2140. 1999. Forthcoming in Development and Change, Special Issue on Gendered Poverty and Wellbeing. Available from [email protected] or downloadable from www.worldbank.org .

Deliege, Robert. The Untouchables of India . Oxford: Berg Press, 1999.

Dubey, Suman. “The Middle Class.” India Briefing 1992 . Eds. Leonard A. Gordon and Philip Oldenburg. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, in cooperation with Asia Society. 137-64.

Dugger, Celia W. “Modern Asia’s Anomaly: The Girls Who Don’t Get Born.” The New York Times , 6 May 2001.

Fuller, C.J., ed. Caste Today. SOAS Studies on South Asia: Understandings and Perspectives . Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1996.

Gould, Harold A. “Political Economy and Emergence of a Modern Class System in India.” Boeings and Bullock-Carts: Studies in Change and Continuity in Indian Civilization: Essays in Honour of K. Ishwaran , 1: India: Culture and Society. Ed. Yogendra K. Malik. Delhi: Chanakya, 1990. 155-86.

Jacobson, Doranne. “The Veil of Virtue: Purdah and the Muslim Family in the Bhopal Region of Central India.” Family, Kinship, and Marriage among Muslims in India . Ed. Imtiaz Ahmad. New Delhi: Manohar Book Service, 1976. 169-215.

———. Purdah in India: Life Behind the Veil.” National Geographic Magazine August 1977: 152(2). 270-286.

———. “The Chaste Wife: Cultural Norm and Individual Experience.” American Studies in the Anthropology of India . Ed. Sylvia Vatuk. New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies and Manohar Publications, 1978. 95-138.

———. “Purdah and the Hindu Family in Central India.” Separate Worlds: Studies of Purdah in South Asia . Eds. H. Papanek and G. Minault. Columbia, MO: South Asia Books, 1982 and Delhi: Chanakya Publications, 1982.

———. India: Land of Dreams and Fantasy . London: W.H. Smith, 1992.

———. “Gender Relations: Changing Patterns in India.” Asia: Case Studies in the Social Sciences: A Guide for Teaching . Ed. Myron L. Cohen. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1992. 46-66.

———. “Women’s Work in a Central Indian Village.” Women and Work in South Asia: Regional Patterns and Perspectives . Eds. S. Raju and D. Bagchi London: Routledge, 1993. 158-179.

———. “A Reverence for Cows.” Natural History . June 1999. 58-63.

———. “Golden Handprints and Red-Painted Feet: Hindu Childbirth Rituals in Central India.” Unspoken Worlds: Women’s Religious Lives . Eds. N.E. Falk and R.M. Gross. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Co., 2000. 83-102.

Jacobson, Doranne, and Susan S. Wadley. Women in India: Two Perspectives , 3rd enlarged edition. Columbia, MO: South Asia Books, 1999 and New Delhi: Manohar Publishers, 1999.

Lynch, Owen M. “Stratification, Inequality, Caste System: India.” Asia: Case Studies in the Social Sciences: A Guide for Teaching . Ed. Myron L. Cohen. Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1992. 67-80.

———. “Untouchables in India’s Civil/Uncivil Democracy: A Review Article.” Ethnos 66.2 (2001): 259-268.

Mandelbaum, David G. Society in India: Continuity and Change , 2 vols. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1970.

———. Women’s Seclusion and Men’s Honor: Sex Roles in North India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan . Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1988.

Mendelsohn, Oliver, and Marika Vicziany. The Untouchables: Subordination, Poverty, and the State in Modern India . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Miller, Barbara D. The Endangered Sex: Neglect of Female children in Rural North India . Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1981.

Papanek, Hanna, and Gail Minault, eds. Separate Worlds: Studies of Purdah in South Asia . Columbia, MO: South Asia Books, 1982 and New Delhi: Chanakya Publications, 1982.

Roland, Alan. In Search of Self in India and Japan: Toward a Cross-Cultural Psychology . Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988.

Sharma, Miriam. The Politics of Inequality: Competition and Control in an Indian Village , 2nd ed. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1984.

Sharma, Ursula. Caste. Concepts in the Social Sciences . Buckingham & Philadelphia: Open University Press, 1999.

Zelliot, Eleanor. From Untouchable to Dalit . Delhi: Manohar Publishers, 1996.

i For many references, see Mandelbaum 1970, Roland 1988, and Jacobson and Wadley 1999.

ii Purdah is discussed in detail in Jacobson 1976, 1977, 1978, 1982, and 1992; Papanek and Minault 1982; and Mandelbaum 1988.

iii According to demographers and economists, perhaps 50 to 80 million more girls and women might be alive today in India and China if they had received treatment equal to that of males (Dugger 2001). The disadvantages of being female have been amply researched; see, for example, Miller 1981, Das Gupta and Li 1999, and Bumiller 1990. In general, census figures show lower sex ratios in northern India than in the south, but in only one state—the southern state of Kerala—are there more females than males (1,058 females per 1,000 males).

iv Much has been written about caste, untouchability, and B.R. Ambedkar. For recent overviews on changes in caste, see Fuller 1996 and U. Sharma 1999. For a focus on untouchability, see Lynch 2001, Mendelsohn and Vicziany 1998, Deliege 1999, and Zelliot 1996. Especially helpful to teachers is Lynch’s 1992 outline of stratification in India.

v See M. Sharma 1984, Gould 1990.

vi See Dubey 1992.

This essay is © 2004 Doranne Jacobson and may be reproduced only with the permission of the author.

Author: Doranne Jacobson.

Connect With Us!

Looking for more.

The Indian tricolour flag waving in the wind at the Wagah border near Amritsar in Punjab, India.

Jati: The Caste System in India

A women constructor  (rahuldlucca/Flickr)

Social Stratification in India

At-Home Adventures through Asia: India

At-Home Adventures through Asia: India

Explore more Asia Society events, articles, and reports related to India .

A global balloon

Discover dynamic educational content for youth and families focused on Asian cultures and global learning.

Thank You for Reading!

If you’d like to support creating more resources like this please consider donating or becoming a member .

Learn more about Asia Society Education .

Essay on Indian Culture for Students and Children

500+ words essay on indian culture.

India is a country that boasts of a rich culture. The culture of India refers to a collection of minor unique cultures. The culture of India comprises of clothing, festivals, languages, religions, music, dance, architecture, food, and art in India. Most noteworthy, Indian culture has been influenced by several foreign cultures throughout its history. Also, the history of India’s culture is several millennia old.

Components of Indian Culture

First of all, Indian origin religions are Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism . All of these religions are based on karma and dharma. Furthermore, these four are called as Indian religions. Indian religions are a major category of world religions along with Abrahamic religions.

Also, many foreign religions are present in India as well. These foreign religions include Abrahamic religions. The Abrahamic religions in India certainly are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Besides Abrahamic religions, Zoroastrianism and Bahá’í Faith are the other foreign religions which exist in India. Consequently, the presence of so many diverse religions has given rise to tolerance and secularism in Indian culture.

The Joint family system is the prevailing system of Indian culture . Most noteworthy, the family members consist of parents, children, children’s spouses, and offspring. All of these family members live together. Furthermore, the eldest male member is the head of the family.

Arranged marriages are the norm in Indian culture. Probably most Indians have their marriages planned by their parents. In almost all Indian marriages, the bride’s family gives dowry to bridegroom. Weddings are certainly festive occasions in Indian culture. There is involvement of striking decorations, clothing, music, dance, rituals in Indian weddings. Most noteworthy, the divorce rates in India are very low.

India celebrates a huge number of festivals. These festivals are very diverse due to multi-religious and multi-cultural Indian society. Indians greatly value festive occasions. Above all, the whole country joins in the celebrations irrespective of the differences.

Traditional Indian food, arts, music, sports, clothing, and architecture vary significantly across different regions. These components are influenced by various factors. Above all, these factors are geography, climate, culture, and rural/urban setting.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Perceptions of Indian Culture

Indian culture has been an inspiration to many writers. India is certainly a symbol of unity around the world. Indian culture is certainly very complex. Furthermore, the conception of Indian identity poses certain difficulties. However, despite this, a typical Indian culture does exist. The creation of this typical Indian culture results from some internal forces. Above all, these forces are a robust Constitution, universal adult franchise, secular policy , flexible federal structure, etc.

Indian culture is characterized by a strict social hierarchy. Furthermore, Indian children are taught their roles and place in society from an early age. Probably, many Indians believe that gods and spirits have a role in determining their life. Earlier, traditional Hindus were divided into polluting and non-polluting occupations. Now, this difference is declining.

Indian culture is certainly very diverse. Also, Indian children learn and assimilate in the differences. In recent decades, huge changes have taken place in Indian culture. Above all, these changes are female empowerment , westernization, a decline of superstition, higher literacy , improved education, etc.

To sum it up, the culture of India is one of the oldest cultures in the World. Above all, many Indians till stick to the traditional Indian culture in spite of rapid westernization. Indians have demonstrated strong unity irrespective of the diversity among them. Unity in Diversity is the ultimate mantra of Indian culture.

FAQs on Indian Culture

Q1 What are the Indian religions?

A1 Indian religions refer to a major category of religion. Most noteworthy, these religions have their origin in India. Furthermore, the major Indian religions are Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism.

Q2 What are changes that have taken place in Indian culture in recent decades?

A2 Certainly, many changes have taken place in Indian culture in recent decades. Above all, these changes are female empowerment, westernization, a decline of superstition, higher literacy, improved education, etc.

Customize your course in 30 seconds

Which class are you in.

tutor

  • Travelling Essay
  • Picnic Essay
  • Our Country Essay
  • My Parents Essay
  • Essay on Favourite Personality
  • Essay on Memorable Day of My Life
  • Essay on Knowledge is Power
  • Essay on Gurpurab
  • Essay on My Favourite Season
  • Essay on Types of Sports

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Download the App

Google Play

Government of India

Skip to main content

  • Select your language English हिंदी

QR Code for http://indianculture.gov.in/ebooks/evolution-indian-culture-earliest-times-present-day

Social Share

Evolution of indian culture from the earliest times to the present day.

Author: Lunia, B.N.

Keywords: History, Indian culture, Evolution, Rulers of India, Art, Architecture, Religion

Issue Date: 1955

Publisher: Agra, Lakshmi Narain Agarwal

Description: India - Civilization India - History India - Culture - Evaluation

Description: This book presents the evolution of Indian culture from prehistoric ages to 1955. It has information on history, geography, art, architecture, theology, social life and economics of the different eras in India. These eras include the prehistoric age, the Vedic age, the pre-Mauryan age, the period of several empires and dynasties, the Gupta empire, the age of Harsha and the British period till 1955. The book also provides an insight into the expansion of Hindu culture as well as the influence of South Indian, Western, Islamic and Mughal cultures on the evolution of Indian culture.

Type: E-Book

Received From: Central Secretariat Library

  • Dublin Core View
  • Parts of PDF & Flipbook

ms-logo

Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

Indian Culture Logo

Indian Culture App

app

The Indian Culture Portal is a part of the National Virtual Library of India project, funded by the Ministry of Culture, Government of India. The portal has been created and developed by the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. Data has been provided by organisations of the Ministry of Culture.

Talk to our experts

1800-120-456-456

  • Indian Culture and Tradition Essay

ffImage

Essay on Indian Culture and Tradition

As students grow older, it is important for them to improve their understanding and hold over the language. This can be done only through consistent reading and writing. Writing an essay is a task that involves cooperation and coordination of both the mind and body. Students must be able to think as well reproduce their thoughts effectively without any confusion. This is important when it comes to writing answers and other important documents as ones go to higher classes. The art of writing effectively and efficiently can be improved by students through writing essays. To help students in this domain, Vedantu provides students with numerous essays. Students can go through the same and learn the correct manner of writing the essay. 

Indian Culture and Tradition

India enjoys a wide variety of cultural and traditional presence amongst the 28 states. Indian origin religions Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism are all based on dharma and karma. Even, India is a blessed holy place which is also a native place for most of the religions. Recently, Muslim and Christianity also practised working amongst the whole India population. The pledge also added the line, ‘India is my country, and I am proud of its rich and varied heritage.’  

Indians are great with cooking; their spices are special for medicinal purposes, so visitors are difficult to adjust to with such heavy spices. The cricketers touring Indian pitches are out due to such food. Frequently, it's been observed that the sportsperson arrived in India either with cooking skills or with a cook. Spices such as cumin, turmeric and cardamom have been used for a long period, to make the dishes more delicious and nutritional. Wheat, rice and pulses help to complete the meal. The majority of the population is a vegetarian one due to their religious aspects.

Talking about the language, India is blessed with a wide range of languages used. Each state has its own language. A major part of the state is unable to speak other languages than the native one. Gujrathi, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Punjabi, Telugu and many more are the representative languages of the respective state. It's easy to recognize the person with the language he spoke. There are 15 regional languages but almost all of them Hindi is the national language of the country. Sanskrit is considered an ancient and respected language. And most of the legendary holy texts are found in Sanskrit only. Along with these, most of the people are aware of plenty of foreign languages. 

Indian clothing is adorable to most of the foreigners. Woman wearing a sari is the pride of a nation. These create a pleasant effect and she looks so beautiful that a majority of foreign country’s female want to be like her. The origin of the sari is from the temple dancers in ancient times. Sari allows them to maintain modesty and freedom of movement. On the other hand, men traditionally wear a dhoti and kurta. Actually, Dhoti is a type of cloth without any further attached work done on it. The great Mahatma Gandhi was very fond of it and in their dignity, most of the people used to wear the same. 

Apart from all the above facts, Indians are legends with arts and studious material. Shah-rukh Khan, Sachin Tendulkar, Dhirubhai Ambani, Amitabh Bachchan Rajnikant, Sundar Pichai are many more faces of India who are shining and representing India on a global scale. There are 20-30 grand festivals celebrated every year in which every festival pops up with history and respect to the respective religion. Even in terms of business, India is not behind. Agriculture is the best occupation of 70% of people in India. It’s our duty to protect the wonderful culture that we have. 

Indian culture is one of the oldest and most unique cultures known across the globe. It has various kinds of traditional values, religion, dance, festivals, music, and cloth, which varies from each state or town even. Indian art, cuisine, religion, Literature, Education, Heritage, Clothes etc has a huge impact on the whole world where everyone admires and follows it. It is known as the land of cultural diversity.  India thrives on a variety of languages, religions, and cultures due to the diverse race of people living in the country. It can be referred to as one of the world’s most culturally enriched countries. When one thinks of India, they picture colors, smiling faces of children running in the streets, bangle vendors, street food, music, religious festivals etc. 

Religion 

India is a land where different religious beliefs are followed. It is the land of many religions such as Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Jainism and Buddhism.  Four Indian religions namely Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism, and Buddhism were born in India while others are not of Indian origin but have people following those faiths. The people of India keep a solid belief in religion as they believe that following a faith adds meaning and purpose to their lives as it is the way of life. The religions here are not only confined to beliefs but also include ethics, rituals, ceremonies, life philosophies and many more.

Families 

Family plays a vital role in every Indian household. Indians are known to live together as a joint family with their grandparents, uncles and aunts, and the next generation of offspring as well. The house gets passed down from family to family throughout the generations. But with the new modern age, nuclear families are starting to become more common as children go out of town into cities for work or studies and get settled there, also everyone now prefers to have their own private life without any interference. But still, the concept of family get together and family gatherings are not lost as everyone does come together frequently. 

Indian Festivals

India is well known for its traditional festivals all over the world. As it is a secular country with diversity in religions, every month some festival celebration happens. These festivals can be religious, seasonal or are of national importance. Every festival is celebrated uniquely in different ways according to their ritual as each of them has its unique importance. National festivals such as Gandhi Jayanti, Independence Day and Republic Day are celebrated by the people of India across the entire nation. Religious festivals include Diwali, Dussehra, Eid-ul-Fitr, Eid-ul-Zuha, Christmas, Ganesh Chaturthi, etc. All the seasonal festivals such as Baisakhi, Onam, Pongal, Bihu etc are celebrated to mark the season of harvest during two harvesting seasons, Rabi and Kharif. 

Festivals bring love, bond, cross-cultural exchange and moments of happiness among people.

Indian cuisine is known for a variety of spicy dishes, curry, rice items, sweets etc. Each cuisine includes a wide range of dishes and cooking techniques as it varies from region to region. Each region of India cooks different types of dishes using different ingredients, also food varies from every festival and culture as well. Hindus eat mostly vegetarian food items such as pulao, vegetables, daal, rajma etc whereas people from Islamic cultural backgrounds eat meat, kebabs, haleem etc. In the southernmost part of India, you will find people use a lot of coconut oil for cooking purposes, they eat a lot of rice items such as Dosa, Idli, Appam etc with Coconut chutney, sambhar.

Indian Clothing is considered to be the epitome of modesty and every style is very different in each region and state. But the two pieces of clothing that represent Indian culture are dhoti for men and saree for women. Women adorn themselves with a lot of bangles and Payal that goes around their ankles. Even clothing styles varied from different religions to regions to cultures. Muslim women preferred to wear salwar kameez whereas Christian women preferred gowns. Men mostly stuck to dhoti, lungi, shalwar and kurta.In modern days, people have changed their sense of style, men and women now wear more modern western clothes. Indian clothes are still valued but are now in more trendy and fashionable styles. 

There is no single language that is spoken all over India; however , Hindi is one common language most Indians know and can speak or understand. Every region has a different language or dialect. As per the official language act, Hindi and English are the official languages in India. Other regions or state wise languages include- Gujarati, Marathi, Bangla, Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Kashmiri, Punjabi etc. 

arrow-right

FAQs on Indian Culture and Tradition Essay

1. What are the Popular Spices in India?

Popular spices in India include - Haldi(Turmeric), Chakri Phool(Star Anise), Til (Sesame seeds/ Gingili seeds), Saunf(Fennel Seeds), Kesar(Saffron), Laal Mirch(Red chilli), Khas(Poppy seeds), Jayphal(Nutmeg), Kalonji(Nigella Seeds), Rai/Sarson(Mustard Seeds), Pudina(Mint), Javitri(Mace), Patthar ke Phool​(Kalpasi), Kala Namak/ Sanchal/ Sanchar powder(Black salt/ Himalayan rock salt/ Pink salt), Sonth(Dry ginger powder), Methi dana(Fenugreek seeds), Suva Bhaji/ Sua Saag(Dill)

Kadi Patta(Curry Leaves), Sukha dhania(Coriander seeds), Laung(Cloves), Dalchini(Cinnamon), Sabza(Chia seeds), Chironji(Charoli), Ajwain(Carom seeds, thymol or celery seeds), Elaichi(Cardamom), Kali Mirch(Black Pepper (or White Pepper), Tej Patta(Bay Leaf), Hing(Asafoetida), Anardana(Pomegranate seeds), Amchoor(Dry mango powder)

2. What is the Language Diversity Available in India?

The Indian constitution has 22 officially recognized languages. Apart from it, there are around 60 languages that are recognized as smother tongue with more than one million speakers. India also has around 28 minor languages spoken by over one hundred thousand and one million people. Apart from these, there are numerous dialects spoken by a various sect of people based on their region of origin. 

3. Who are Some of the Most Famous Indian Celebrities Popular Across the Globe? 

India has people excelling in all aspects of art and activities. Few prominent celebrities to garner global fame include - Sudha Murthy, Amitabh Bacchan, Virat Kohli, Saina Nehwal, Sania Mirza, Priyanka Chopra, MS Dhoni, Sachin Tendulkar, Mohanlal, A R Rehman, Mukesh Ambani, Ratan Tata, Narayana Murthy, Kiran Majumdar Shah, Narendra Modi, Amith Shah. all these people have received great accolades in their respective area of expertise globally and getting recognition to India on a global level. 

4. How to Improve Writing and Reading Skills for Producing Good Essays?

Writing an essay becomes a tedious task when the mind and hand do not coordinate. It is important for you to be able to harness your mental ability to think clearly and reproduce the same on paper for a good essay. Always remember the first few thoughts that you get as soon as you see an essay topic is your best and purest thoughts. Ensure to note them down. Later you can develop your essay around these points. Make sure your essay has an introduction, body and the final conclusion. This will make the reader understand the topic clearly along with your ability to convey the any information without any hesitation or mistake. 

5. How many religions are there in India? 

As of now, there are a total of 9 major religions in India with Hinduism being the majority. The remaining religion includes- Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism and the Baha'i Faith. 

6. Which is the oldest language in India? 

Indian classical oldest language is Sanskrit, it belongs to the Indo- Aryan branch of Indo- European languages. 

7. What are the few famous folk dances of India? 

Folk dances are the representation of a particular culture from where they are known to originate. Eight famous classical dances are- Bharatnatyam from Tamil Nadu, Kathakali from Kerala, Kathak from North, West and Central India, Mohiniyattam from Kerala, Kuchipudi from Andhra Pradesh, Odissi from Odisha, Manipuri from Manipur, Sattriya from Assam. 

8. How many languages are spoken in India? 

Other than Hindi and English there are 22 languages recognised by the constitution of India. However, more than 400 languages and dialects in India are still not known as they change after every town. Over the years, about 190 languages have become endangered due to very few surviving speakers. 

9. Describe the Indian Culture. 

Indian culture is very diverse and the people of India are very warm and welcoming. They have a strong sense of family and firmly believe in unity in diversity. In India, there's a saying saying 'Atithi Devo Bhava'  means 'the guest is equivalent to god'. So if one visits India, they will never feel unwanted.

Indian culture: Customs and traditions

Indian culture is built upon centuries of history and heritage, making it one of the oldest in the world.

Taj Mahal

  • Indian population

Languages of India

Religion in india, indian food, indian architecture and art, indian fashion, doing business in india.

  • Holidays and celebrations

Additional resources and reading

Bibliography.

Indian culture is among the world's oldest as the people of India can track their civilization back as far as 4,500 years ago. Many sources describe it as "Sa Prathama Sanskrati Vishvavara" — the first and the supreme culture in the world, according to the All World Gayatri Pariwar (AWGP) organization.

Western societies did not always see the culture of India very favorably, according to Christina De Rossi, an anthropologist at Barnet and Southgate College in London. Early anthropologists once considered culture as an evolutionary process, and "every aspect of human development was seen as driven by evolution," she told Live Science. "In this view, societies outside of Europe or North America, or societies that did not follow the European or Western way of life, were considered primitive and culturally inferior. Essentially this included all the colonized countries and people, such as African countries, India, and the Far East."

However, Indians made significant advances in architecture ( Taj Mahal ), mathematics ( the invention of zero ) and medicine ( Ayurveda ) well in advance of many western civilizations. 

Population of India

Today, India is a very diverse country, with more than 1.3 billion people, according to the CIA World Factbook , making it the second most populous nation in the world after China . Some estimates, such as those by Statista , place the population at very nearly 1.4 billion. The ethnic makeup of India, according to the CIA is 72 percent Indo-Aryan (a coverall term for people of largely Central Asian descent) and 25 percent are Dravidian (being largely of South Asian descent). 

About 35 percent of the population lives in urban areas with an estimated annual rate of a little over 2 percent moving to cities each year. New Delhi is the most populous city in India with a population of 31.18 million people, according to the CIA, second only to Tokyo, Japan for its population size. Mumbai is the second largest city in India with 20.67 million people, followed by Kolkata, Bangalore, Chennai and Hyderabad, all with more than 10 million people.

According to Statista, 26.16 percent of India population was under 14-years-old as of 2020, 67.27 were aged 15 to 64 and 6.57 percent were 65 or older. 

India has 28 states and seven territories, according to the World Health Organization . There is no official language in India, according to a Gujarat High Court ruling in 2010 , though Hindi is the official language of the government and English is considered a subsidiary official language. The Constitution of India officially recognizes 23 official languages. 

Many people living in India write in Devanagari script. In fact, it is a misconception that the majority of people in India speak Hindi. Though many people speak Hindi in India, at least 56 percent of Indian residents speak something other than Hindi, according to the CIA. Bengali,, Marathi, Telugu Tamil, Gujarati and Urdu are some other languages spoken in the country.  

Sanskrit, an ancient Indo-European language, came from Northern India. How the language started has been a point of argument amongst linguists. It shares many similarities with English, French, Farsi and Russian languages. 

New DNA research in 2017 found that an Aryan migration may have introduced the beginnings of Sanskrit. "People have been debating the arrival of the Indo-European languages in India for hundreds of years," said study co-author Martin Richards, an archaeogeneticist at the University of Huddersfield in England. "There's been a very long-running debate about whether the Indo-European languages were brought from migrations from outside, which is what most linguists would accept, or if they evolved indigenously."

India is identified as the birthplace of Hinduism and Buddhism, the third and fourth largest religions in the world. About 84 percent of the population identifies as Hindu, according to the " Handbook of Research on Development and Religion ," edited by Matthew Clarke (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2013). 

There are many variations of Hinduism, and four predominant sects — Shaiva, Vaishnava, Shakteya and Smarta.

About 13 percent of Indians are Muslim, making it one of the largest Islamic nations in the world. Christians and Sikhs make up a small percentage of the population, and there are even fewer Buddhists and Jains, according to the "Handbook."

The CIA cited similar figures. According to its World Factbook, around 80 percent of the population is Hindu, 14.2 percent is Muslim, 2.3 percent is Christian, 1.7 percent is Sikh and 2 percent is unspecified.

When the Mughul Empire invaded during the sixteenth century, they left a significant mark on Indian cuisine. "The influence of the Mughal rulers who ruled India is distinctly perceptible in the style of cooking made famous by them. This cuisine is a fusion of Turkish and Persian cuisine, where mostly ground spices are used in the preparation of unique flavor and taste," wrote Krishna Gopal Dubey in " The Indian Cuisine " (PHI Publisher, 2010). Indian cuisine is also influenced by many other countries. It is known for its large assortment of dishes and its liberal use of herbs and spices. Cooking styles vary from region to region.

Wheat, Basmati rice and pulses with chana (Bengal gram) are important staples of the Indian diet. The food is rich with curries and spices, including ginger, coriander, cardamom, turmeric , dried hot peppers, and cinnamon, among others. Chutneys — thick condiments and spreads made from assorted fruits and vegetables such as tamarind and tomatoes and mint, cilantro and other herbs — are used generously in Indian cooking.

Many Hindus are vegetarian, but lamb and chicken are common in main dishes for non-vegetarians. " The Guardian " reports that between 20 percent and 40 percent of India's population is vegetarian. A tradition of vegetarianism appears to go back to the ancient past. "India may have been vegetarian during the Mohenjodaro and Harappan civilizations. We do not know for sure as its script has not been unlocked, but it has been proven that the ancient Dravidian civilization was truly vegetarian," wrote Dubey.

Much of Indian food is eaten with fingers or bread used as utensils. There are a wide array of breads served with meals, including naan, a leavened, oven-baked flatbread; and bhatoora, a fried, fluffy flatbread common in North India and eaten with chickpea curry.

The most well-known example of Indian architecture is the Taj Mahal, built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan to honor his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. It combines elements from Islamic, Persian, Ottoman Turkish and Indian architectural styles. India also has many ancient temples.

India is well known for its film industry, which is commonly referred to as Bollywood. The country's movie history began in 1896 when the Lumière brothers demonstrated the art of cinema in Mumbai, according to the Golden Globes . Today, the films are known for their elaborate singing and dancing as well as their elaborate action sequences. 

Indian dance, music and theater traditions span back more than 2,000 years, according to Nilima Bhadbhade, author of " Contract Law in India " (Wolters Kluwer, 2016). The major classical dance traditions — Bharata Natyam, Kathak, Odissi, Manipuri, Kuchipudi, Mohiniattam and Kathakali — draw on themes from mythology and literature and have rigid presentation rules.

–  'Black fungus' treatment runs short in India

–  India breaks global record for daily COVID-19 infections

–  Deadly Nipah virus kills boy in India

A study published in April 2016 in the Journal of Indian Ocean Archaeology found that some Indian horns have many similarities with horns made in Ireland. This research may suggest that the two countries may have exchanged ideas and techniques in making musical instruments during the Bronze Age. 

"Some horns are frankly shockingly similar, to the point where it is like witnessing time travel," study author Billy Ó Foghlú, an archaeologist and doctoral student at the Australian National University in Canberra, told Live Science . "If I were to find one of these modern Indian instruments in an Irish archaeological excavation and I didn't know what I was looking at, I would likely assume it was a Late Bronze Age Irish artifact." 

Indian clothing is closely identified with the colorful silk saris worn by many of the country's women. The origins of this garment go back to Ancient India and evolved over time to include more expensive fabrics and adornments as they came to the country, according to " The Times of India ". A traditional piece of clothing for men is the dhoti, an unstitched piece of cloth that is tied around the waist and legs. Men also wear a kurta, a loose shirt that is worn about knee-length. 

For special occasions, men wear a sherwani or achkan, which is a long coat with a collar having no lapel. It is buttoned up to the collar and down to the knees. A shorter version of a sherwani is called a Nehru jacket. It is named after Jawaharlal Nehru, India's prime minister from 1947 to 1964. He actually preferred the achkan, according to Tehelka , an Indian newspaper. The Nehru jacket was primarily marketed to Westerners and made famous by The Beatles and The Monkees as well as being worn by a number of James Bond villains.

India's currency is the rupee. Almost 62 percent of the country's GDP comes from the service sector with industry making up 23 percent and agriculture contributing 15.4 percent, according to the CIA World Factbook. Its primary agricultural products are sugar cane, rice, wheat, buffalo milk, milk, potatoes, vegetables, bananas, maize, and mangoes.

Indian business culture places emphasis on strong hierarchies and formalities, according to Santander , with decisions, particularly important ones, being considered for a length of time and ultimately made by those at the top of a company.

Indian holidays and celebrations

Diwali is the largest and most important holiday to India. It is a five-day festival known as the festival of lights because of the lights lit during the celebration to symbolize the inner light that protects them from spiritual darkness. 

Holi, the festival of colors , also called the festival of love, is popular in the spring. The country also celebrates Republic Day (Jan. 26), Independence Day (Aug. 15) and Mahatma Gandhi 's birthday (Oct. 2).

For a deep dive into another element of Indian culture, learn when yoga originated and more about the ancient practice.

For a closer look at an important cultural artifact, you can read all about the golf-ball sized Star of India sapphire that was once stolen in a heist.

  • "Indian Culture" All World Gayatri Pariwar
  • "India " CIA World Factbook
  • "India - Statistics & Facts" Statista
  • " Handbook of Research on Development and Religion ," edited by Matthew Clarke (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2013)
  • " The Indian Cuisine " by Krishna Gopal Dubey (PHI Publisher, 2010)
  • "The best countries in the world for vegetarians" " The Guardian "
  • " Contract Law in India " by Nilima Bhadbhade (Wolters Kluwer, 2016)
  • "Ancient Irish musical history found in modern India" Australian National University
  • "The history of sari: The nine yard wonder," " The Times of India "
  • "Nehru’s style statement" Tehelka

Sign up for the Live Science daily newsletter now

Get the world’s most fascinating discoveries delivered straight to your inbox.

Jonathan Gordon

Jonathan is the Editor of All About History magazine, running the day to day operations of the brand. He has a Bachelor's degree in History from the University of Leeds . He has previously worked as Editor of video game magazines games™ and X-ONE and tech magazines iCreate and Apps. He is currently based in Bournemouth, UK.

Can psychopaths learn to feel empathy?

Why do we procrastinate?

James Webb telescope finds ancient galaxy larger than our Milky Way, and it's threatening to upend cosmology

Most Popular

By Anna Gora December 27, 2023

By Anna Gora December 26, 2023

By Anna Gora December 25, 2023

By Emily Cooke December 23, 2023

By Victoria Atkinson December 22, 2023

By Anna Gora December 16, 2023

By Anna Gora December 15, 2023

By Anna Gora November 09, 2023

By Donavyn Coffey November 06, 2023

By Anna Gora October 31, 2023

By Anna Gora October 26, 2023

  • 2 Ancient rock art in Argentinian cave may have transmitted information across 100 generations
  • 3 Stunning rock art site reveals that humans settled the Colombian Amazon 13,000 years ago
  • 4 There's an asteroid out there worth $100,000 quadrillion. Why haven't we mined it?
  • 5 1,800-year-old Roman tombs in Bulgaria included medallion featuring an emperor and glass bottles for collecting mourners' tears
  • 2 Stunning rock art site reveals that humans settled the Colombian Amazon 13,000 years ago
  • 3 There's an asteroid out there worth $100,000 quadrillion. Why haven't we mined it?
  • 4 1,800-year-old Roman tombs in Bulgaria included medallion featuring an emperor and glass bottles for collecting mourners' tears
  • 5 April 8 total solar eclipse: Why this eclipse repeats itself every 54 years

16 Unique Culture of India : Customs & Indian Traditions

Here are 16 fascinating indian culture, traditions and customs.

  • Religious Customs
  • Festivals of India
  • Family Structure & Marriage
  • Symbols 
  • Cuisine & Food 
  • Traditional Clothing 
  • Dances of India
  • Epics & Mythology
  • Martial Arts 

1. Greeting - The Namaste

Namaste!

The Namaste is one of the most popular Indian customs and isn't just restricted to the Indian territory anymore. You have Barack Obama, who has been seen doing it on various occasions, or you had Ban Ki-Moon, the UN Secretary-General, greeting everyone with a namaste at the Times Square in New York on the first International Yoga Day. But, what's the significance? The Namaste, or namaskar , or ' namaskar'   is one of the five forms of traditional greetings mentioned in the ancient Hindu scriptures, the Vedas. It translates to 'I bow to you', and greeting one another with it is a way of saying 'May our minds meet', indicated by the folded palms placed before the chest. The word Namaha can also be translated as 'na ma' (not mine), to signify the reductions of one's ego in the presence of the other.

2. Festivals & Religion - Always a Festive Season

Indian Culture - An amalgamation of several religions and culture

It's always festive in India  (Source)

India also sees a large number of festivals, mainly because of the prevalence of diverse religions and groups. The Muslims celebrate Eid, the Christians have Christmas and good Friday, the Sikhs have Baisakhi (harvesting of crop), and the birthdays of their Gurus and the Hindus have Diwali, Holi, Makar Sakranti, the Jains have Mahavir Jayanti, the Buddhists celebrate the Buddha's birthday on Buddha Poornima, and quite honestly, the number is endless. All of these translate to holidays in our book, of course.

Read more on Festivals in India & Harvest Festivals in India

3. family structure - joint families.

Concept of Joint Families - Significant part of Indian Culture

A Joint Family  (Source)

Also, in India, there exists the concept of a joint family, wherein the entire family (parents, wife, children and in some cases, relatives) all live together. This is mostly because of the cohesive nature of the Indian society, and also reportedly helps in handling pressure and stress.

4. Symbols - Fasting

Karwa Chauth

Fasting is an integral part of Hindu Culture. Fasts or Vrats or Upvas are a way to represent your sincerity and resolve, or express your gratitude to the Gods and Goddesses.  People throughout the country observe fasts during various religious occasions. Some people also observe fast on different days of a week in favour of a particular God or Goddess associated with that specific day. It is widely believed that by doing so, you are depriving your body of a basic necessity and thus, punishing yourself to cleanse off the sins that you have committed until the day of fast. The rules and regulations of a rapid are in accordance with the particular occasion. The origin of fast probably comes from the  Vedic ritual of kindling the sacrificial fire for sacrifice purposes. Since the word 'upvas' has been used for denoting both fasts and kindling sacrificial fire, it can be thought that people observed fasts when they had to kindle or rekindle the domestic fires kept in their homes to perform daily sacrifices.

5. Religious Customs - Holy Cow

sacredCow

Cow, in the Indian culture, is considered to be a Holy animal. She is worshipped as a maternal figure and is a depiction of the bounty of Mother Earth. Lord Krishna, who grew up as cow herder is often depicted as playing his flute among cows and Gopis (milkmaids) dancing to his tunes. Interestingly, Lord Krishna is also known by the name of 'Govinda' or 'Gopala', which translates to the 'friend and protector of cow'. Hence, cows have an auspicious significance in Indian Culture and religion. Even Lord Shiva's trusted vehicle is Nandi- the sacred bull. Thus, feeding a cow or making contributions for cow shelters is of immense religious importance for Indians. The Vedic scriptures, in various verses, have emphasised the need to protect and care for cows. Cows are a source of life-sustaining milk. Even the cow dung is an essential and energy-efficient source of fuel, especially in rural India. Killing the cow or consuming cow meat is considered to be a sin. Hence, several states in India have banned the slaughter of cows by law. Mother cow is, however, not worshipped as other deities. The religion and culture of India appreciate and expresses its gratitude towards this innocent animal who gives back to mother Earth and its people in more than one form.

6. Architecture - The Science Behind Temples

Indian Temples - A Representative of Ancient Indian Culture

Temples  (Source)

Most temples are located along magnetic wave lines of the Earth, which help in maximising the available positive energy. The copper plate (called Garbhagriha or Moolasthan) buried under the main idol absorbs and resonates this energy to its surroundings. Going to the temple often helps in having a positive mind and garnering positive energies, which in turn lead to healthier functioning.

It is also a practice to take off footwear before entering places of worship because they would bring in the dirt to an otherwise cleansed and sanctified environment.

7. Marriage - Arranged Mariage System

indianWedding, Culture and Traditions in India

The concept of arranged marriage in India traces its origin to as early as the Vedic times. For royal families, a ceremony known as the 'Swayambar' would be arranged for the bride. Suitable matches from all over the kingdom were invited to either compete in some competition to win over the bride, or the bride would herself choose her ideal husband. Even today, the concept of arranged marriage remains a favourite among Indians and is an integral part of 'Indian Traditions'.

8. Religious Symbols

Swastika - the essence of Ancient Indian Culture

The Swastika (Source)

The Indian traditions and scriptures contain various signs and symbols which have multiple meanings. For example, the usage of the Swastika, in the Indian context, does not point towards Adolf Hitler or Nazism. It is the symbol of Lord Ganesha, the remover of obstacles. The arms of the Swastika have various meanings. They signify the four Vedas, the four constellations, or the four primary aims of human pursuit.

9. Traditions and Customs - Atithi Devo Bhavah

Hospitality towards guests is an important part of Indian Culture,  India Customs and Traditions

In India, the saying 'Atithi Devo Bhavah' is also integral. It means 'the guest is equivalent to god'. It is a Sanskrit verse taken from the Hindu scriptures, which later became a part of the 'Code of conduct for Hindu society since the guest has always been of supreme importance in the Culture of India.

10. Dresses of India - Indian Ethnic Wear

Saris - An important part of Indian Culture and attire,  India Customs and Traditions

Indian women are often seen sporting 'saris'. The sari is a single cloth and needs no stitching; it is easy to make and comfortable to wear, and also adheres to religious etiquette. It initially started as a Hindu tradition but has very elegantly spread across all religions. The same applies to the more functional 'Kurta-Pyjama', and the formal wear of 'Sherwani' for Indian men of all faiths.

11. Indian Dances

Kathakali

India is a land of 'unity in diversity', and our dances are no different. Different forms of dance(classified as folk or classical) find origin from different parts of the country, and they are a way of representation of the particular culture from which they originate. Eight classical dances, which are classified as Indian classical dances and find a mention in the Hindu Sanskrit text ' Natyashashtra' , (a text of performing arts) are:

  • Bharatnatyam from Tamil Nadu
  • Kathakali from Kerela
  • Kathak from North, West and Central India
  • Mohiniyattam from Kerela
  • Kuchipudi from Andhra Pradesh
  • Oddisi from Odhisa
  • Manipuri from Manipur
  • Sattriya from Assam

All the dance mentioned above forms are a complete dance drama, wherein a dancer or performer narrates an entire story, almost entirely and exclusively through gestures. Such stories are mostly based on the vast Indian mythology. Classical dances in India are strictly classified as and performed according to the rules and guidelines prescribed in the Natyashastra . Just like Classical dances, folk dances in India too originate from different regions of the country. These performances are mostly based on stories which are orally passed on from one generation to the other. Folk dances mainly trace their importance to the rural areas, where performances depict the day to day life of rural inhabitants. The process for a suitable match is one long and tiring effort, which begins with matching some criteria like the horoscope, religion, caste, professional stature, physical appearance and culture. It is made sure that majority of the requirements are a 'match made in heaven' (even if it has to be tailor-made). After all the checkboxes are ticked, the elders of the family meet for a face to face interaction. Once the talks are successful, preparations for the wedding begin in full swing.

Read more on Dances of India

 12. cuisine - indian food.

Indian Thali, India Customs and Traditions

Read more on Indian Traditional Food & Street Food of India

13. scriptures - epics.

Mahabharat

14. Indian Martial Arts

Kalaripayattu

15. Eating with Hands

Eating with hands

16. Languages

Languages of India

There exist thousands of traditions and culture in India, and quite a few of them would leave outsiders rather curious. But the crux of Indian society and culture has always been to be well mannered, polite, respect others, and progress together.

This post was published by Kaveesh Nair

Share this post on social media Facebook Twitter

Places to visit in India

Manali , Leh Ladakh , Coorg

View all places to visit in India

India Travel Packages

Compare quotes from upto 3 travel agents for free

5 Days Trip in India: Alleppey, Kovalam & Munnar

Shimla Manali Dharamshala Dalhousie Tour Package - Day trip to Khajjiar

Kashmir tour package 9 days with gondola ride, udaipur jaisalmer tour package: luxury rajasthan edition, sikkim tour package for 7 days - rafting, india tour package of golden triangle with jaisalmer, related articles.

Art & Culture

Art & Culture

Places To Visit This Independence Day To Experience Patriotism

Adventure

27 Caves in India That are a Must Visit for a History Buff!

Handicrafts of India - A Shopping Guide

15 Dances of India - Classical Indian Dance Forms and Their States of Origin

List of Best Art Galleries In India - For The Hidden Artist In You!

Souvenirs To Buy from 29 States Of India! - A Shopping Guide

Art Festivals In India For Those Creative & Quirky Minds

42 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India

Golden City of India: List of 7 Golden Cities in India

City of Palaces: Historical Cities of Kolkata, Mysore and Jaipur

Its Time for Equality: Matrilineal Societies in India Might Be The Answer

7 City of Lakes In India: Guide to India's Lake Cities

Ayurveda in India: Explore The Ancient Healing Technique of Ayurveda

Nicknames of Indian Cities Across The Country

9 Different New Years in India: Celebration of Culture and Harvest!

Mallakhamb: Ancient Indian Martial Art

10 Tribal Arts of India: Types of Folk and Tribal Paintings in India

51 Historical Monuments of India That Should Be In Your Bucket List

42 Most Famous Historical Places in India

Richest Temples in India That are a Class Apart

Colossal Statues in India That You Should Definitely Visit

Ashrams for Yoga In India For A Holistic Wellbeing

Archaeological Sites in India For A Quick History Recap

Stepwells of India | Baolis In India That You Must See

Famous Churches of India That Are Architectural Masterpieces

Ruins Of India : Most Exotic Historical Places In India

Ashoka Pillars in India

Flea Markets In India Every Shopaholic Must Shop At

Bollywood Movies on India That Capture India in an Amazing Way!

Social

IRCTC Announces Pay-on-Delivery For Train Tickets

Comments on this post

Browse package collections, india package collections.

India Honeymoon Packages

North East Tour Packages

South India Tour Packages

International Honeymoon Packages

International Tour Packages

Honeymoon Packages

Top Listed Packages

Assam Meghalaya Arunachal Pradesh Tour Packages

Sikkim Tour Package for 5 Days

Luxury India Honeymoon Tour Package - Tri-City Tour

India Tour Package with Best of Himachal

3 Nights 4 Days Package in India: Beautiful Rajasthan Tour

3 Days Tour Package in India: Char Dham Yatra By Helicopter

Sikkim Tour Package for Couple - 8 Nights

Gangtok Itinerary of 7 Nights 8 Days Package

Meghalaya Tour Package 7 Days with Shnongpdeng

Srinagar Gulmarg Package: Excursion to Pahalgam Valley

Browse Hotel Collections

By hotel type.

Best Private Pool Villas in India

Best Cottages in India

Best Hostels in India

Capsule Hotels in India

Ski Resorts in India

Eco Friendly Resorts in India for Those Who Travel Consciously

Best Heritage Hotels in India for a Royal and Luxurious Stay

By Budget Category

Most Expensive Hotels in India for a Royal Stay

Best Luxury Hotels in India

Best Luxury Resorts in India

By Star Category

Best 5-Star Hotels in India

For Special Purposes

Resorts & Homestays to Work from Mountains in India

Best Yoga Retreats in India

Beautiful Treehouses in India Perfect for a Quick Staycation

Best Beach Resorts in India

Most Romantic Resorts in India

Top Places in India

Manali

Recently Published

Places To Visit This Independence Day To Experience Patriotism

Get Customized Travel Packages

  • India (+91)

*All prices shown on the website are tentative. Final prices will be shared by our partner agents based on your requirements.

Log in to your account

Welcome to holidify.

Forget Password?

Share this page

Indian Culture Essay

In this Indian Culture Essay , we had described cultural diversity in India with the importance of Indian culture & lot more.

The culture of India indicates the thoughts, beliefs, customs and social behaviour of the people in the society; it suggests the way people live in the community.

In this article  Essay on Indian Culture , we had provided the essays in different word limits, which you can use as per your need:

Essay on Indian Culture 100 words:

India is a world-famous country for its culture and tradition, it is a land of different culture and tradition & it is the country of the oldest civilizations in the world.

The essential components of Indian culture are good manners, politeness, decent communication, values, beliefs, values etc.

Even after everyone’s lifestyle is modern, the Indian people have not changed their traditions and values.

The wealth of solidarity between people of different cultures and traditions has made India a unique country.

People here live peacefully in India, following their culture and traditions.

Indian Culture essay

Essay on Indian Culture 150 words:

The culture of India is the oldest in the world around 5,000 years, it is considered the world’s first and highest culture.

There is a common saying about India that “ unity in diversity ” means India is a diverse country where people of many religions live in peace with their different cultures.

People of different religions differ in their language, food traditions, rituals, etc., although life in unity.

The national language of India is Hindi, although it has around 22 official languages in India in its various states and territories and 400 other languages are spoken daily.

According to history, India has been recognized as the birthplace of religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism.

The vast population of India belongs to Hinduism, other forms of Hinduism are Shaivism, Shaktism, Vaishnavism, etc.

Indian Culture Essay 200 words:

Indian culture has gained immense popularity worldwide and considered to be the oldest and very interesting culture in the world.

People living here belong to different religions, traditions, food items, clothing etc.

People of different cultures and traditions living here are socially interdependent as to why strong bonds in the diversity of religions exist.

People are born into different families, castes, subcaste and religious communities live in peace and restraint in a group.

The social bonds of the people here are long-lasting; everyone has a good feeling about their hierarchy and a sense of respect, respect and rights towards each other.

People in India are highly devoted to their culture and know good manners to maintain social relations.

Different religions peoples have their own cultures and tradition in India, they have their festivals and fairs, and they celebrate according to their rituals.

People follow a variety of food culture such as beaten rice, bread ole, banana chips, poha, potato papad, puffed rice, upma, dosa, idli, sugar, etc.

People of other religions have some different food like seviyan, biryani, such as tandoori, fenugreek, etc.

Indian Culture

Essay on Indian Culture 250 words:

India is a rich country of cultures where people live in their own learning, and we respect our Indian culture very much.

Culture is everything, with other ideas, customs, way of dealing, art, handicrafts, religion, food habits, fairs, festivals, music and dance are part of the culture.

India is a vast country with a high population where people of different cultures live with a unique culture.

Some of the major religions of the country are Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism and Zoroastrianism.

India is a country where different languages are spoken in different parts of the country.

People here generally use varieties in costumes, social beliefs, and customs and food habits.

They observe and follow different customs and traditions according to their respective religions.

We celebrate our festivals according to their own rituals, keep fast, bathe in the holy waters of the Ganges, worship and pray to God, sing ritual songs, dance, have a delicious dinner, wears colourful clothes and does a lot of activities.

We also celebrate some national festivals by mixing various social events like Republic Day, Independence Day, and Gandhi Jayanti.

In different parts of the country, people of different religions celebrate their festivals with great enthusiasm and eagerness.

Some events like Gautam Buddha (Buddha Purnima), Lord Mahavir birthday (Mahavir Jayanti), Guru Nanak Jayanti (Guruparva), etc. are jointly celebrated by people of many religions.

India is a country famous for its various cultural dances such as classical (Bharat Natyam, Kathak, Kathakali, Kuchipudi) and folklore by region.

The Punjabis enjoyed Bhangra, the Gugrati enjoyed the Garba, the Rajasthanis enjoyed the Ghoomar, and the Assamese enjoyed the Bihu, while the Maharashtrian enjoyed the Lavani.

Indian Culture

Indian Culture Essay 300 words:

India is a country of rich culture and heritage where people have humanity, tolerance, unity, secularism, strong social bonds and other good qualities.

Indians are always famous for their gentle and gentle behaviour & they are always praised for their caring and calm nature without changing their principles and ideals.

India is a country of great legends where great people were born and still inspiring personalities, inspire us.

India is a land where Mahatma Gandhi was born and gave a high culture of non-violence.

He told us that every people on this earth are hungry for love, respect, care and respect; if you give them all, then surely they will follow you.

Gandhiji always believed in non-violence and fact he succeeded one day in getting India independence from British rule.

He asked the Indians to show their power of unity and mildness and then see the change.

India is not a country of separate men and women, castes and religions, but it is a country of unity where people of all ranks and creeds live together.

People in India are modern and follow all the changes according to the modern era, but they are still in touch with their traditional and cultural values.

India is a spiritual country where people believe in spirituality.

People here believe in yoga, meditation and other spiritual activities.

Conclusion:

The social system of India is great where people still leave in a large joint family with grandparents, uncles, aunts, uncles, tau, cousins, sisters, etc.. Hence, people here are born about their culture and tradition. Learn in

Essay on Indian Culture 400 words:

Culture in India is everything like inherited thoughts, people’s way of living, beliefs, values, values, habits, care, gentleness, knowledge, etc.

India is the oldest civilization in the world where people still follow their ancient culture of humanity.

Culture is the way we treat others, how soft we respond to things, our understanding of values, morals, principles and beliefs.

People of older generations pass on their cultures and beliefs to their next generations.

Therefore, every child here treats others well, as he already knew about the culture of parents and grandparents.

Here we can see culture in all things like dance, fashion, artistry, music, behaviour, social norms, food, architecture, dressing sense etc.

India is a vast melting pot with different beliefs and practices that gave birth to different cultures here.

The origins of various religions here are ancient by about five thousand years, and it is believed that Hinduism originated from the Vedas.

All the Hindu scriptures are written in the sacred Sanskrit language; it is also believed that Jainism has ancient origins and existed in the Indus Valley.

Buddhism is another religion that originated in the country following the teachings of Lord Gautama Buddha.

Christianity was later brought here by French and British people who ruled for a long time for almost two centuries.

In this way, various religions originated in ancient times or were somehow brought into this country.

However, people of every religion live here in peace without affecting their rituals and beliefs.

The diversity of the ages has come and gone, but no one was so powerful as to change the influence of our real culture.

The culture of the younger generation is still connected to the older generations through the umbilical cord.

Our ethnic culture always teaches us how to behave well, respect elders, care for helpless people and still help needy and poor people.

It is our religious culture to keep fast, worship, offer Ganga water, greet the sun, touch the feet of the elders in the family, do yoga and meditation daily, give food and water to the hungry and disabled.

Also, read 1.   Essay on India 2. National Integration 3. Value education 4. Social Media Essay

Our nation has a high culture that we should always welcome our guests like a god, with great pleasure, which is why India is famous for a common saying like “Atithi Devo Bhava”.

The roots of our high culture are humanity and spiritual practice.

• Section Under Essays

'  data-srcset=

Gupshups is the place to find the most inspirational & motivation quotes, essay, speechs & lot more.

Leave a Comment Cancel reply

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

indian culture essay wikipedia

Customer Reviews

Alexander Freeman

is here to help you!

Student years are the best time of one’s life. You are in the prime of your life and hopeful about the bright future ahead. This is the period that leaves the funniest photos, the sweetest memories, and gives you the most faithful friends. However, there is one thing that spoils all the fun – assignment writing. Have you ever struggled to write an essay or prepare a speech only to find that the deadline is getting closer, and the work is not ready yet? Are you desperate for someone to have your paper done? Ordering it online is a really convenient option, but you must be sure that the final product is worth the price. is one of the leading online writing centers that deliver only premium quality essays, term papers, and research papers.

Once you place an order and provide all the necessary instructions, as well as payment, one of our writers will start working on it. Be sure we won’t choose a person to do your paper at random. The writer assigned will hold an academic degree in the respective area of expertise, which makes it possible for him/her to find the relevant information, carry out exhaustive research, and develop a comprehensible and well-organized document. The final product will meet all your specifications regarding the content and formatting style. What is more, you will not have to proofread it for any grammatical or spelling errors, because our professionals have a really good command of the English language.

indian culture essay wikipedia

Why choose us

indian culture essay wikipedia

Well-planned online essay writing assistance by PenMyPaper

Writing my essays has long been a part and parcel of our lives but as we grow older, we enter the stage of drawing critical analysis of the subjects in the writings. This requires a lot of hard work, which includes extensive research to be done before you start drafting. But most of the students, nowadays, are already overburdened with academics and some of them also work part-time jobs. In such a scenario, it becomes impossible to write all the drafts on your own. The writing service by the experts of PenMyPaper can be your rescuer amidst such a situation. We will write my essay for me with ease. You need not face the trouble to write alone, rather leave it to the experts and they will do all that is required to write your essays. You will just have to sit back and relax. We are offering you unmatched service for drafting various kinds for my essays, everything on an online basis to write with. You will not even have to visit anywhere to order. Just a click and you can get the best writing service from us.

Original Drafts

Customer Reviews

Gain recognition with the help of my essay writer

Generally, our writers, who will write my essay for me, have the responsibility to show their determination in writing the essay for you, but there is more they can do. They can ease your admission process for higher education and write various personal statements, cover letters, admission write-up, and many more. Brilliant drafts for your business studies course, ranging from market analysis to business proposal, can also be done by them. Be it any kind of a draft- the experts have the potential to dig in deep before writing. Doing ‘my draft’ with the utmost efficiency is what matters to us the most.

indian culture essay wikipedia

Finished Papers

Gustavo Almeida Correia

All our papers are written from scratch. To ensure high quality of writing, the pages number is limited for short deadlines. If you want to order more pages, please choose longer Deadline (Urgency).

IMAGES

  1. Essay on Indian Culture and Tradition for Students in 1200 Words

    indian culture essay wikipedia

  2. Essay on Indian Culture and Society // Essay on Indian Culture in

    indian culture essay wikipedia

  3. 10 Lines Essay on Indian Culture in English

    indian culture essay wikipedia

  4. Indian Culture and Tradition Essay

    indian culture essay wikipedia

  5. Indian Culture Essay

    indian culture essay wikipedia

  6. essay on Indian culture in english/paragraph on Indian culture

    indian culture essay wikipedia

VIDEO

  1. Indian history and culture

  2. Indian Culture essay in English l Indian culture paragraf essay in English l Indian culture essay l

  3. Unraveling the Philosophy of Indian Culture

  4. class 12th Indian civilization and culture (essay) #motivation #success 🏆💪

  5. WHY Indian Culture is Best? #shorts #Indian

  6. CULTURE

COMMENTS

  1. Culture of India

    Indian culture is the heritage of social norms and technologies that originated in or are associated with the ethno-linguistically diverse India, pertaining to the Indian subcontinent until 1947 and the Republic of India post-1947.

  2. India

    India Coordinates: 21°N 78°E India, officially the Republic of India ( ISO: Bhārat Gaṇarājya ), [22] is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area; the most populous country as of June 2023; [23] [24] and from the time of its independence in 1947, the world's most populous democracy.

  3. Greater India

    Greater India, also known as the Indian cultural sphere, or the Indic world, is an area composed of many countries and regions in South, East Asia and Southeast Asia that were historically influenced by Indian culture, which itself formed from the various distinct indigenous cultures of these regions. [4]

  4. Indian Society and Ways of Living

    India is a hierarchical society. Whether in north India or south India, Hindu or Muslim, urban or village, virtually all things, people, and social groups are ranked according to various essential qualities. Although India is a political democracy, notions of complete equality are seldom evident in daily life. Asia Society in India

  5. Indian art

    v t e Indian art consists of a variety of art forms, including painting, sculpture, pottery, and textile arts such as woven silk. Geographically, it spans the entire Indian subcontinent, including what is now India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan , and at times eastern Afghanistan.

  6. South Indian culture

    South Indian culture - Wikipedia South Indian culture South Indian culture refers to the cultural region typically covering the South Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana.

  7. History of India

    বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча Indus Valley Civilisation, mature phase (2600-1900 BCE) Anatomically modern humans first arrived on the between 73,000 and 55,000 years ago. [1] The earliest known human remains in South Asia date to 30,000 years ago.

  8. Essay on Indian Culture for Students and Children

    500+ Words Essay on Indian Culture. India is a country that boasts of a rich culture. The culture of India refers to a collection of minor unique cultures. The culture of India comprises of clothing, festivals, languages, religions, music, dance, architecture, food, and art in India. Most noteworthy, Indian culture has been influenced by ...

  9. India

    India India ( Hindi: Bhārat ), officially the Republic of India ( Hindi: Bhārat Gaṇarājya ), also known as Hindustān or Bhārat within the country, is a country in South Asia. It is the largest country by number of people and seventh largest country by land area. [10]

  10. Evolution of Indian Culture from the Earliest Times to the Present Day

    This book presents the evolution of Indian culture from prehistoric ages to 1955. It has information on history, geography, art, architecture, theology, social life and economics of the different eras in India. These eras include the prehistoric age, the Vedic age, the pre-Mauryan age, the period of several empires and dynasties, the Gupta empire, the age of Harsha and the British period till ...

  11. Folklore of India

    The folklore of India encompasses the folklore of the nation of India and the Indian subcontinent. India is an ethnically and religiously diverse country. Given this diversity, it is difficult to generalize the vast folklore of India as a unit. [citation needed] Although India is a Hindu-majority country, with more than three-fourths of the ...

  12. Dance in India

    Culture of India Society Arts and literature Others Symbols Organizations India portal v t e Dance in India include classical (above), semiclassical, folk and tribal. Dance in India comprises numerous styles of dances, generally classified as classical or folk. [1]

  13. Indian Culture and Tradition Essay for Students in English

    Essay on Indian Culture and Tradition. As students grow older, it is important for them to improve their understanding and hold over the language. This can be done only through consistent reading and writing. Writing an essay is a task that involves cooperation and coordination of both the mind and body. Students must be able to think as well ...

  14. Indian culture: Customs and traditions

    published 3 February 2022 Indian culture is built upon centuries of history and heritage, making it one of the oldest in the world. Indian culture can trace its roots back centuries and...

  15. 16 Unique Culture of India : Customs & Indian Traditions

    16 Unique Culture of India ... ₹ 9,000 onwards View Packages Get Customized Packages Indian culture and traditions are something which has now become renowned all across the world. We all refer to customs and traditions of India as something very diverse and unique. But seldom do we give a thought to why things are done in certain specific ways.

  16. Indian Culture Essay

    Essay on Indian Culture 400 words: Culture in India is everything like inherited thoughts, people's way of living, beliefs, values, values, habits, care, gentleness, knowledge, etc. India is the oldest civilization in the world where people still follow their ancient culture of humanity. Culture is the way we treat others, how soft we respond ...

  17. भारत की संस्कृति

    ०.०७%. मुख्य लेख: भारत में धर्म. अब्राहमिक के बाद भारतीय धर्म विश्व के धर्मों में प्रमुख है, जिसमें हिन्दू धर्म, बौद्ध धर्म, सिख धर्म ...

  18. Culture Of India Essay

    A culture where guests are treated as gods, family members live under the same household until death, and have the belief that gods and spirits play the significant role in determining their life all refer to the same topic, the Indian culture; a rich and diverse culture which is very unique in many ways.

  19. Indian Culture Essay Wikipedia

    Indian Culture Essay Wikipedia | Best Writing Service. 385. Customer Reviews. Toll free 1 (888)499-5521 1 (888)814-4206. 954. Customer Reviews. x.

  20. Indian Culture Essay Wikipedia

    Benefits You Get from Our Essay Writer Service. Typically, our authors write essays, but they can do much more than essays. We also offer admissions help. If you are preparing to apply for college, you can get an admission essay, application letter, cover letter, CV, resume, or personal statement from us. Since we know what the admissions ...

  21. Indian Culture Essay Wikipedia

    Indian Culture Essay Wikipedia, Sample Business Plan For Primary Care Clinic, Essay Junk Food Is Bad For Health, Cover Letter Salutations For A Job, Best Application Letter Writers Websites, Should Article 370 Be Abolished Essay, Context Essay On The Crucible

  22. Essay On Indian Culture Wikipedia

    Here's what you have to do to have a new 100% custom essay written for you by an expert. To get the online essay writing service, you have to first provide us with the details regarding your research paper. So visit the order form and tell us a paper type, academic level, subject, topic, number and names of sources, as well as the deadline.

  23. Indian Culture Essay Wikipedia

    Indian Culture Essay Wikipedia, Cv Ghostwriters Sites Gb, What Is An Overview On A Resume, Book Review Format High School, One Day In The Life Of Ivan Denisovich Thesis, Favorite Game Essay In Urdu, Another Word For I Believe In An Essay ...