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Essay on Kangaroo

Students are often asked to write an essay on Kangaroo in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

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100 Words Essay on Kangaroo

Introduction.

Kangaroos are unique animals native to Australia. They are famous for their hopping movement, pouches where mothers carry their young, and strong hind legs.

Physical Characteristics

Kangaroos are large marsupials. They have powerful hind legs for jumping, long feet, a strong tail for balance, and small front legs.

Behavior and Lifestyle

Kangaroos are social creatures living in groups called ‘mobs.’ They are herbivores, eating grass and leaves, and can go long periods without water.

Reproduction

Baby kangaroos, called joeys, are born tiny and crawl into their mother’s pouch for further development.

Conservation

While some kangaroo species are abundant, others face threats from habitat loss and hunting. Conservation efforts are crucial for their survival.

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250 Words Essay on Kangaroo

Kangaroos, the bouncing marsupials, are indigenous to Australia. They are the epitome of the Australian outback and are emblematic of the continent’s unique ecosystem. More than just a symbol, kangaroos have a complex biology and behavior that make them fascinating subjects of study.

Biology and Physiology

Kangaroos belong to the family Macropodidae, which literally translates to ‘large foot.’ This characteristic feature enables their distinctive hopping locomotion. They are also marsupials, which means females possess a pouch where they nurture their offspring, known as joeys. Kangaroos have a unique reproductive system where the female can delay the development of her embryo, a phenomenon called embryonic diapause, allowing them to reproduce in favorable conditions.

Ecological Role

As primary consumers, kangaroos play a crucial role in the ecosystem. They are predominantly grazers, feeding on a variety of vegetation, thereby controlling plant growth and contributing to the biodiversity of their habitats. They are also a vital food source for apex predators, maintaining a balance in the food chain.

Conservation Status

While kangaroos are not currently endangered, their populations face threats due to habitat loss, climate change, and hunting. Conservation efforts are essential to ensure their survival and the health of the ecosystems they inhabit.

Understanding kangaroos is not just about appreciating an iconic symbol of Australia, but also about recognizing their role in maintaining ecological balance. Their unique biology and ecological role make them an intriguing subject for scientific research and conservation efforts.

500 Words Essay on Kangaroo

The Kangaroo, an iconic symbol of Australia, is a unique marsupial that has intrigued scientists and wildlife enthusiasts alike with its peculiar characteristics and behaviors. Its distinctive hopping locomotion, marsupial reproduction, and adaptation to the harsh Australian environment make it an interesting subject of study.

Classification and Species

Kangaroos belong to the family Macropodidae, which includes about 50 species. The term ‘kangaroo’ is generally used to describe the four large species: the Red Kangaroo, Eastern Grey Kangaroo, Western Grey Kangaroo, and Antilopine Kangaroo. Each species varies in size, color, and habitat preferences, but they all share the fundamental traits that define kangaroos.

Morphology and Adaptations

Kangaroos are renowned for their large, powerful hind legs and long, muscular tails, adaptations for their unique form of locomotion – hopping. This energy-efficient mode of travel allows them to cover vast distances in search of food and water in their arid habitats. Their hindgut fermentation process allows them to extract maximum nutrition from their diet of grasses and shrubs, a crucial adaptation to the nutrient-poor Australian soils.

Reproductive Biology

As marsupials, kangaroos have a unique reproductive system. Females possess a bifurcated uterus and usually give birth to one offspring, or ‘joey’, at a time. After birth, the underdeveloped joey crawls into its mother’s pouch for further growth and development. This adaptation allows kangaroos to reproduce in unpredictable environments, as the female can pause the development of an embryo in unfavorable conditions, a phenomenon known as embryonic diapause.

Social Behavior and Ecology

Kangaroos are social animals, typically found in small groups or ‘mobs’. Their social structure is hierarchical, with a dominant male, known as a boomer, leading the group. They communicate through a complex range of vocalizations, body language, and even boxing or kicking when conflicts arise.

Ecologically, kangaroos play a significant role in shaping the vegetation of their habitats. They are primary consumers, and their grazing influences the types of plants that dominate their ecosystems. In turn, they are a key food source for apex predators like the dingo.

Conservation and Human Interaction

While kangaroos are not currently endangered, they face threats from habitat loss, climate change, and human activities. In some areas, they are considered pests due to their impact on agriculture. Consequently, kangaroo management is a contentious issue, balancing the needs of conservation, animal welfare, and human livelihoods.

Kangaroos are fascinating creatures that have adapted remarkably well to the Australian landscape. Their unique biology and behavior offer valuable insights into evolution, ecology, and animal behavior. As we continue to study and interact with these iconic marsupials, it is crucial to ensure their conservation and coexistence with humans, maintaining the biodiversity and ecological balance of their habitats.

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English Compositions

Short Essay on Kangaroo [100, 200, 400 Words] With PDF

In this lesson, dear students, you will learn to write essays in three different sets on a kangaroo. It will help you prepare for your upcoming examinations.

Feature image of Short Essay on Kangaroo

Short Essay on Kangaroo in 100 Words

Kangaroos are one of the world’s most unusual creatures. They are mammals who have been born prematurely. They continue to grow after birth. Kangaroos, as a result, have pouches in which they store their young ones.

Kangaroos are broadly light brown. Their head is triangular, and their ears are unusually pointed. They are incredibly tall and have powerful tails. They sometimes use their tail as a fifth leg. They enjoy jumping and have powerful, muscular legs. Kangaroos are also notable for having inseparable second and third toes. They are generally left-handed and have big lips. Kangaroos are herbivores as they eat green plants.

Short Essay on Kangaroo in 200  Words

Kangaroos are one of the most bizarre animals on the planet. They are mammals that are born prematurely. As a result, kangaroos have pouches that keep their young ones. Kangaroos have a light brown colouration. Their ears are very sharp, and their head is triangular. They stand at a staggering height and have robust tails.

Kangaroos use their tail to keep themselves balanced. They like to jump and have strong, muscular legs. They’re also known as macropods. Kangaroos are also known for having two toes that are inseparable. They tend to be left-handed and have large lips. They eat green plants and are called herbivores.

The kangaroo is my favourite animal because I’ve seen them in many animated movies and cartoons. I also enjoy reading kangaroo-themed stories. Kangaroos cannot survive in India’s hot tropical climate; hence they are not found here. I’m hoping my parents will take me to Australia soon to have a closer look at them.

In Panchatantra, I’ve read kangaroo stories. I’ve also seen Dot and the Kangaroo, an animated film. In this film, the kangaroo assists Dot in locating her home in Australia. Kangaroos are gentle and kind creatures. When I dance and hop, my mother, likes to call me a kangaroo. I want to pet one eventually, but my parents say they’d be happiest in the green lush of nature.

Short Essay on Kangaroo in 400 Words

Kangaroos are one of the unique animals in the animal kingdom. They are mammals that are born in a premature state. They keep on developing after birth. It is, therefore, that kangaroos have pouches in which they keep their young ones. They are also called marsupials, and they are the largest marsupials found on Earth. They come in many shapes and sizes. The four most common species of kangaroos are the red kangaroo, the eastern grey kangaroo, the western grey kangaroo, and the antilopine kangaroo.

Kangaroos have a light brown shade. They have a triangular head and peculiarly sharp ears. They are very tall and have extremely powerful tails. They use their tail for balancing. However, they can also use their tail as a fifth leg. They like to jump and have very strong and muscular legs. They are also called macropods.

The kangaroos are also unique because their second and third toes are inseparable. They have prominent lips, and they are mostly left-handed. Kangaroos eat green plants and are called herbivores. Humans like to eat kangaroo’s meat too. Brush wallabies are the most closely related animals to kangaroos.

Most of the kangaroos are found in Australia and New Guinea. They are the national animal of Australia. Kangaroos are mostly seen travelling in groups. The collective noun for kangaroos is called a mob. They are more active at night than during the day. They prevent water loss from their body by licking their sweat.

However, kangaroos are also getting extinct slowly due to their natural predators like eagles and foxes. Kangaroos are good swimmers, and they mostly drown their predators. Some kangaroos give away their young ones to the predators to save their own life. Kangaroos skins are used in making clothes. 

My favourite animal is the kangaroo because I’ve watched kangaroos in many animated movies and cartoons. I also like to read stories based on kangaroos. Kangaroos are not found in India because they cannot survive in such a hot tropical Indian climate.

I hope my parents take me to Australia soon to look at them closely. I’ve read stories on kangaroos in Panchatantra. I’ve also watched the animated movie Dot and the Kangaroo. In this movie, a kangaroo helps the lost Dot find her home in Australia. Kangaroos are friendly and kind animals. My mother sometimes likes to call me a kangaroo when I dance and hop a lot. I wish to pet one someday, but my parents tell me they will be happier in their natural habitat.

Dear students, hopefully, after going through this lesson, you have a holistic idea of writing a descriptive essay on kangaroos. I have tried to cover every aspect that goes into their making and makes them unique. If you still have any doubts regarding this session, kindly let me know through the comment section below. To read more such essays on many important topics, keep browsing our website. 

Join us on Telegram to get the latest updates on our upcoming sessions. Thank you, see you again soon.

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Kangaroos possess powerful hind legs, a long, strong tail, and small front legs. Kangaroos belong to the animal family Macropus, literally "big foot." Thanks to their large feet, kangaroos can leap some 30 feet (9 meters) in a single bound, and travel more than 30 miles (48 kilometers) per hour.

Kangaroos use their strong tails for balance while jumping. They are the tallest of all marsupials, standing over 6 feet tall.

Kangaroos live in Eastern Australia . They live in small groups called troops or herds (“mobs” by Australians), typically made up of 50 or more animals. If threatened, kangaroos pound the ground with their strong feet in warning. Fighting kangaroos kick opponents, and sometimes bite.

Female kangaroos sport a pouch on their belly, made by a fold in the skin, to cradle baby kangaroos called joeys. Newborn joeys are just one inch long (2.5 centimeters) at birth, or about the size of a grape. After birth, joeys travel, unassisted, through their mom’s thick fur to the comfort and safety of the pouch. A newborn joey can’t suckle or swallow, so the kangaroo mom uses her muscles to pump milk down its throat. At around 4 months, the joey emerges from the pouch for short trips and to graze on grass and small shrubs. At 10 months, the joey is mature enough to leave the pouch for good.

Besides humans and wild dogs called dingoes, kangaroos face few natural predators. Heat, drought, and hunger due to vanishing habitat are the biggest dangers kangaroos face.

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Wild Explained

Animal encyclopedia

Understanding the unique characteristics of the kangaroo.

Updated on: September 14, 2023

A kangaroo in its natural habitat

John Brooks

September 14, 2023 / Reading time: 5 minutes

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Sophie Hodgson

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Table of Contents

Kangaroos are fascinating creatures that possess a variety of unique characteristics. From their biological makeup to their behavior and lifestyle, kangaroos have adapted to their environment in remarkable ways. In this article, we will delve into the anatomy and physiology of kangaroos, explore their behavior and lifestyle, examine their interaction with the environment, and discuss their role in Australian culture. By the end, you will have gained a deeper understanding of these incredible animals.

The Biological Makeup of Kangaroos

Anatomy and physiology.

Kangaroos have a distinct body structure that sets them apart from other mammals. Their muscular hind limbs are highly developed, allowing them to hop at great speeds and cover long distances. This unique adaptation enables kangaroos to navigate their vast and varied habitats with ease, whether it be the dense forests or the open grasslands.

Additionally, kangaroos have strong tails that serve as a balance and support mechanism during their hops. This appendage also aids in propelling them forward, acting as a powerful lever. The tail is not only a functional tool but also plays a crucial role in communication, with different movements and positions conveying various messages to other kangaroos.

The forelimbs of kangaroos, while not as powerful as their hind limbs, are used for tasks such as grooming and grasping. Their paws have sharp claws, which they use for digging and defending themselves against predators when necessary. These claws are not only useful for self-defense but also assist in foraging for food, as kangaroos can dig up roots and tubers with precision.

Kangaroo’s Unique Digestive System

One of the most fascinating aspects of a kangaroo’s biology is its digestive system. Kangaroos are herbivores, and their digestive system has evolved to efficiently process their plant-based diet. They possess a complex series of stomach compartments, including the rumen and the foregut, which play crucial roles in breaking down and fermenting plant matter.

This unique digestive system allows kangaroos to extract maximum nutritional value from the fibrous vegetation they consume. The fermentation process that occurs within their specialized stomach compartments helps break down cellulose, a component of plant cell walls that is difficult to digest. By fermenting cellulose, kangaroos can access the energy-rich carbohydrates trapped within the plant material.

Furthermore, this specialized digestive system enables kangaroos to conserve water more effectively, an essential adaptation in their arid environment. By fermenting plant matter, kangaroos produce volatile fatty acids, which are absorbed and metabolized, providing a significant portion of their water requirements. This adaptation allows them to survive in regions where water sources are scarce.

Reproductive System of Kangaroos

The reproductive system of kangaroos is equally remarkable. Female kangaroos have a unique ability known as embryonic diapause . This means that they can temporarily halt the development of a fertilized egg until environmental conditions are more favorable for raising offspring. This adaptation allows female kangaroos to time the birth of their young to coincide with periods of abundant food and water.

Once conditions improve, the embryo resumes its development, leading to the birth of a highly underdeveloped joey. Joeys are born after a very short gestation period and continue their growth and development in the mother’s pouch . The pouch provides a safe and nurturing environment for the joey, allowing it to develop further before venturing out into the world.

Inside the pouch, the joey attaches itself to one of the mother’s teats, where it receives nourishment and continues to grow. As the joey grows, it gradually spends more time outside the pouch, exploring its surroundings and learning essential skills from its mother. This gradual transition from pouch-bound to independent life ensures that the joey develops the necessary strength and abilities to survive in the challenging Australian landscape.

Kangaroo Behavior and Lifestyle

Social structure and behavior.

Kangaroos exhibit a complex social structure that revolves around small family groups known as mobs . These mobs are led by a dominant male, known as the alpha male, who protects and guides the group. Female kangaroos are the primary caretakers of the young ones, ensuring their safety and well-being.

Kangaroos communicate through a range of vocalizations and body language. The male kangaroo, in particular, uses loud vocalizations and physical displays to establish dominance and attract mates. Fighting among males is not uncommon during the breeding season.

Diet and Feeding Habits

Kangaroos are strict herbivores, primarily feeding on grasses and other vegetation. They have a specialized set of teeth that enable them to grind down the tough plant material they consume. Kangaroos are also able to extract moisture from their food, reducing their reliance on water sources.

Feeding habits vary depending on the species of kangaroo, but they typically feed during the cooler hours of the day and rest in shaded areas during the heat of the Australian sun.

Predators and Defense Mechanisms

Despite their speed and agility, kangaroos are not without their predators. They face threats from large carnivorous animals such as dingoes and feral dogs. To defend themselves, kangaroos rely on their powerful hind limbs, using swift kicks to ward off attackers . They can also retreat to water bodies if available, as they are strong swimmers.

Kangaroos and Their Environment

Habitat and distribution.

Kangaroos are indigenous to the continent of Australia, and their distribution spans various habitats, including open deserts, grasslands, and forests. They have adapted to survive in diverse climates and vegetation types, making them highly adaptable creatures.

While kangaroos are predominantly found in Australia, they are also present on nearby islands, such as Tasmania. The red kangaroo, Western grey kangaroo, and Eastern grey kangaroo are among the most common species found across the continent.

Adaptation to Australian Climate

Kangaroos have successfully adapted to the challenging climate of Australia. Their bodies are built to withstand arid conditions, with specialized kidneys that allow them to conserve water. They also have the ability to tolerate high temperatures and endure extended periods of drought.

Furthermore, kangaroos have evolved to become efficient grazers, consuming vegetation that has adapted to grow in dry conditions. This symbiotic relationship between kangaroos and their environment ensures their survival even in the harshest of climates.

Impact of Human Activity on Kangaroo Population

Human activity has had both positive and negative impacts on kangaroo populations. Historically, indigenous Australians have respected and lived in harmony with kangaroos for thousands of years, acknowledging their significance in their culture and relying on them as a food source. However, with the arrival of European settlers, kangaroos faced increased hunting and habitat destruction.

Today, efforts are being made to conserve and manage kangaroo populations sustainably. Regulations on hunting and controlled harvesting are in place to ensure the survival of kangaroo species while also respecting the ecological balance.

The Role of Kangaroos in Australian Culture

Symbolism and significance in aboriginal culture.

In Aboriginal culture, kangaroos hold great symbolic and spiritual meaning. They are seen as revered beings, embodying qualities such as strength and resilience. Kangaroo imagery is often depicted in traditional artwork, representing ancestral connections and the interconnectedness of all living things.

Kangaroos in Modern Australian Society

Kangaroos continue to hold significance in modern Australian society. They are a prominent symbol of Australian identity and are often depicted on national emblems, currency, and sports team logos.

Furthermore, kangaroos attract tourists from around the world who are eager to witness their unique behaviors and explore their natural habitats. This tourism bolsters the economy while also raising awareness about the importance of conserving kangaroo populations and their habitats.

Conservation Efforts for Kangaroo Species

Conservation efforts for kangaroo species are ongoing, aiming to protect and manage their populations sustainably. These efforts involve research, educational initiatives, and collaboration between various organizations and government bodies.

Conservationists work to ensure that kangaroos and their habitats are protected from further habitat destruction, pollution, and illegal hunting. By raising awareness and implementing effective conservation measures, we can ensure the survival of these uniquely Australian creatures for generations to come.

In conclusion, understanding the unique characteristics of the kangaroo is a captivating journey that demonstrates the marvels of nature. From their biological makeup to their behavior and lifestyle, kangaroos have evolved in extraordinary ways to thrive in their environment. Beyond their physical traits, kangaroos also have deep cultural significance in Australian society. By appreciating and conserving these fascinating creatures, we can enrich both our understanding of the natural world and our connection to the land we call home.

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Short Essay on Kangaroo for Students

write an essay kangaroo

Kangaroo  is the commonest big animal found in the Australian sub-continent. The Kangaroo is of great historic and cultural significance to the people and country of Australia. It is Australia’s national symbol.

The Kangaroo is classified as a Marsupial, as a Mammal and also a Macropod. It is a mammal because the female Kangaroo feeds and nourishes its young ones by the special Mammary Glands. It is a Marsupial because the female Kangaroo has a special pouch on its body in which it carries its young ones. And it is called a Macropod because it has big, strong and muscular hind legs.

So you can easily recognize and differentiate a Kangaroo from all other animals, because it is a big, tall animal, with a small triangular head. It stands on its strong and muscular hind [back] legs, with parts of the legs flat on the ground, and the rest of the body raised straight in air while standing. Also its front legs are short and hanging in the air. It has a strong and muscular tail which also supports its body while stationary and in motion along with its two hind legs.

Movement and Locomotion

Kangaroo uses its hind legs and the tail to stand and to hop about. The fastest mode of movement for a Kangaroo is hopping where it hops using the strength of its hind legs and its tail. It can hop and travel very fast even at speeds ranging around 50 kilometres per hour if necessary. The Australian country landscape is wide, open and expansive; and sometimes the Kangaroos have had to adapt themselves to travel long distances in search of food and water. But at slower speeds the Kangaroo also uses its front legs along with its hind legs and tail for a kind of a mixture of running and hopping.

All species of Kangaroos are herbivores. They feed by grazing. They do not eat other animals. They graze on different species of grass, shrubs, small bushes and small plants. Their dental structure and digestive system is also adapted to eating grass and shrubs.

Kangaroos are a unique marsupial and are of national significance in Australia.

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Kangaroo Facts & Worksheets

The kangaroo is a marsupial with large, powerful hind legs, large feet adapted for leaping, a long muscular tail for balance, and a small head., search for worksheets, download the kangaroo facts & worksheets.

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Table of Contents

The kangaroo is a marsupial with large, powerful hind legs, large feet adapted for leaping, a long muscular tail for balance, and a small head. Commonly associated with Australia , they are the unofficial symbol for the country and appear as an emblem on the Australian coat of arms and on some of its currency too.

See the fact file below for more information on the Kangaroo or alternatively, you can download our comprehensive worksheet pack to utilize within the classroom or home environment.

Facts About Kangaroos

  • Kangaroos are from the family Macropodidae .
  • The term Macropod means “large foot”.
  • Kangaroos are indigenous to Australia and New Guinea, an island north of Australia.
  • A Macropod is a kangaroo or one of its relatives.
  • Macropod means “large foot”.
  • Millions of years ago, all Macropod s lived in trees, but most species came down to live on the ground.
  • The exception is the Tree Kangaroo, which still lives in the upper branches of trees.
  • Tree Kangaroos mainly inhabit tropical rainforests in Queensland and New Guinea. 
  • Macropods are distinguished by size.
  • The largest is the kangaroo, followed by the wallaroo, then by the wallaby, which is the smallest.
  • Kangaroos are mammals which means they give birth to live young and produce milk to feed them.
  • Kangaroos are also marsupials.
  • Marsupials are sometimes referred to as pouched mammals because the female kangaroo has a pouch in which she rears her young.
  • Kangaroos are social animals that live in groups or “mobs”. The mob can sometimes be made up of 100 kangaroos.
  • They are often referred to or called roos.
  • The kangaroo population in Australia is in excess of 50 million.

Features and Size

  • Kangaroos have large, powerful hind legs.
  • They move by hopping. 
  • They hop on their hind legs and use their tails for balance and for steering.
  • They can hop at speeds of up to 40 miles per hour (60 km/h).
  • Kangaroos cannot move backward.
  • Kangaroos have really small forelimbs, about one 1/3 the length of their legs.
  • Their large feet are adapted for leaping.
  • The tail is long, muscular, and very strong. 
  • Kangaroos’ heads are fairly small.
  • Kangaroos have very good eyesight, but only when an object is moving. 
  • They also have excellent hearing and the ability to swivel their ears in all directions to pick up sounds.
  • Kangaroos are grazing herbivores. They eat grass and leaves. 
  • Most kangaroos move about at night seeking food. 
  • This makes them nocturnal. 
  • Kangaroos need very little water to survive. An adult kangaroo can go for months without drinking anything at all.
  • Females have a pouch where the joeys develop and grow.
  • A male kangaroo can be as tall as 6 ft 7 in (2 m) and weigh as much as 200 lb (90 kg).
  • A male wallaroo will have a weight of 41.8–48.5 lb (19–22 kg) and a female 28.6 lb (13 kg).
  • Male wallabies can weigh between 4 – 53 lb (2 – 24 kg).
  • The dwarf wallaby only weighs about .75 kg (1.6 kg). 
  • Male Tree Kangaroos weigh about 16 lb (7.2 kg) and the females 13 lb (5.9 kg)  
  • The lifespan of kangaroos in the wild is about ten years.

Reproduction

  • Male kangaroos have several names, including bucks and jacks.
  • Females are called does or jills.
  • Young kangaroos are joeys.
  • A group of kangaroos is a mob or troupe.
  • About 33 days after mating, the baby, known as a neonate, will emerge.
  • It is only a few centimeters long, hairless, and blind.
  • It quickly climbs through the fur on the mother’s abdomen into the pouch.
  • Once there, it attaches to one of the teats and starts to feed and grow.
  • At about six months, the baby is a well-developed joey and will begin to peep out the pouch and then venture out for short periods.
  • Kangaroos can have up to 3 babies in their pouch at any one time. 
  • On becoming mature and just venturing out of the pouch, another develops in the pouch, and one embryo is in pause mode. 
  • There are four teats in the pouch, and each provides different milk for the different stages of development of each baby.
  • Mother kangaroos clean their pouches frequently.
  • By eight months old, the joey can leave the pouch permanently and be fully independent, but they often delay this process.
  • Male kangaroos can be seen boxing when competing for the attention of a female. The tiny front legs aren’t much of a threat, but the powerful hind legs with their long sharp toenails are a dangerous weapon.

Kangaroo Products

  • Kangaroo meat is low in fat and high in protein.
  • It has been eaten for thousands of years by indigenous Australians .
  • It is now exported and enjoyed around the world.
  • Kangaroos are protected by legislation in Australia.
  • Strict legislation controls the harvesting of kangaroo meat.
  • Harvesting only occurs in approved zones.
  • Quotas are set to ensure the sustainability of kangaroo populations. 
  • Kangaroos can only be harvested by licensed shooters.
  • A strict code of practice ensures high standards of humaneness and food hygiene. 
  • Besides the meat, kangaroo skins are used to make many leather products, from small wallets to large jackets.
  • Australia exports over 3 million kangaroo skins to Europe and the United States annually. 
  • Kangaroo leather is known for its strength and lightness.

Did you know?

  • The kangaroo is a symbol of Australia. 
  • It features on the Australian coats of arms and on the country’s coins.
  • Kangaroo babies, called joeys, are the size of a jellybean when first born.
  • When kangaroos fight, they kick, punch and sometimes even bite.
  • The three most abundant species of kangaroo are the red kangaroo, which is the largest, the western gray, and the eastern gray.
  • There is a species of kangaroo called a rat kangaroo. Rat kangaroos differ from other kangaroos in that they are small (similar in size to a rabbit), have a prehensile tail, live mainly in the undergrowth, and are mostly active at night.

Kangaroo Worksheets

This bundle includes 11 ready-to-use Kangaroo worksheets that are perfect for students to learn about the kangaroo which is a marsupial with large, powerful hind legs, large feet adapted for leaping, a long muscular tail for balance, and a small head.

This download includes the following worksheets:

  • Kangaroo Facts
  • Kangaroo Anatomy
  • Ancient Kangaroos – Fill It In
  • Reading and Comprehension
  • Modern Kangaroos – Match Up
  • Describing Kangaroos
  • Kangaroo Word Search
  • Kangaroo Word Creator
  • A Fable – The Kangaroos and the Goat

Frequently Asked Questions

Do kangaroos have predators  .

Kangaroos have very few predators. Their main threat comes from humans and dingos.

Are kangaroos dangerous?  

Kangaroos are normally gentle but can be aggressive if provoked. They then become very dangerous.

Are kangaroos fast?  

Kangaroos hop around quickly on two legs or walk around slowly on all four. Kangaroos can move at speeds of nearly 60m/h.

Can kangaroos swim?  

Yes, kangaroos can swim and are good swimmers. 

Can kangaroos jump high?  

The kangaroo’s powerful legs and very large hind feet enable it to jump up to 3m (nearly 10 ft) high and over 9m (29 ft) in length.

Where do kangaroos sleep? 

Kangaroos prefer to sleep in the shade. They lie on their side and rest their heads on their short forearms.

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  • Prose - Fiction and Nonfiction

Kangaroos - An Informative Essay (1 Viewer)

  • Thread starter voorhees14
  • Start date Jun 28, 2004

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  • Jun 28, 2004

Australia is the driest, flattest, oldest, and most formidable continent in the world. Its harsh interior is dominated by an arid desert region known simply as the Outback. This rough, barren wasteland is one of the most unwelcoming places on Earth; in fact, it ranked third in the travel guide The 101 Most Dangerous Places in the World , by Robert Young Pelton. This, then, would lead one to believe that the inhospitable Outback is practically uninhabitable—by humans, or any other form of animal. However, surprisingly, this is not the case. The Outback is teeming with animals of all varieties, from reptiles to birds to koalas to kangaroos. These animals, completely isolated from the rest of the world, were allowed to take their own evolutionary path and as a result are like no other animals on the face of the planet. They were, and still are, able to survive in the incredibly harsh, arid conditions of the vast Australian interior because they are highly evolved, acutely specialized species of animals that, over the years, have learned to adapt and adjust to the environment around them. From mammals that lay eggs to birds that cannot fly, this evolutionary process is clearly visible throughout Australia’s wildlife. But perhaps the most highly evolved of all Australian creatures is the kangaroo, who began the gradual evolutionary process over 25 million years ago. The adaptability that is so prevalent among the animals of the Outback is epitomized in the kangaroo, Australia’s national symbol, through its highly specialized anatomy, its unique and peculiar feeding habits, and its distinctive reproduction and breeding patterns. The kangaroo is so highly specialized that nearly every single part of its body and every aspect of its anatomy contributes in some way to its overall survival. To begin with, the kangaroo possesses large, uniquely shaped, flexible ears, which enable it to detect faint or distant sounds, such as the approach of an enemy or fellow kangaroo. This animal also possesses a keen sense of smell, thanks to its finely tuned nose, which is important because kangaroos use urine, feces and other secretions to mark important locations. Next, the kangaroo’s unusual method of traveling, hopping, is enhanced in many ways by its unique anatomy. Even the earliest European explorers of Australia noticed the kangaroo’s unusual anatomy, and its relationship to the animal’s remarkable transportation method. Joseph Banks, the naturalist onboard Captain James Cook’s ship, put it this way: To compare it to any European animal would be impossible—its fore legs are extremely short and are of no use to it in walking; its hind legs again are disproportionately long; with these it hops 7 or 8 feet. At cruising speed, kangaroos go approximately 20 miles per hour, although they are capable of hopping at speeds of over 40 miles per hour, thanks to their incredibly powerful and muscular hind legs. The hind legs of kangaroos contain almost twice the muscle mass of other animals their size. This enables these animals to travel long distances without tiring. Kangaroos are also capable of making leaps of up to 40 feet, the length of a long school bus, and some of the larger species can clear 10-foot fences from a standing position. Another feature that enables a kangaroo to hop so effectively is its large feet. These long and narrow feet give a kangaroo stability when hopping and act as a springboard for the kangaroo to push off. The feet also serve as weapons for male kangaroos. In fact, one kangaroo that escaped from a zoo in Adelaide knocked out a policeman with one kick from its feet before it was recaptured. The last (and perhaps most extraordinary) part of the kangaroo’s anatomy that contributes to its overall success is the tail. The tail of a kangaroo is almost as long as the body and serves many purposes. When a kangaroo is hopping at full speed, the tail stretches out behind and tips upward slightly in order to counterbalance the kangaroo and ensure that it does not fall forward. Additionally, when a kangaroo is walking, grazing, or socializing, the tail acts as a stabilizer or third leg, because although kangaroos’ hind legs are ideal for speed, they are not as effective for walking slowly, and additional support is necessary. Lastly, male kangaroos use their tail in fights. They lean back on their tail, putting all of their weight onto it, and then kick out at the opponent with their powerful hind legs. But while the kangaroo’s anatomy is undoubtedly spectacular, it is only the beginning of the amazing adaptations that this incredible creature has made in order to survive in the rough Australian Outback. The eating habits and diet of kangaroos are another main reason why they have been able to flourish in their seemingly barren environment. Because the desert region of Australia is so infertile and a consistent food source is hard to come by, kangaroos have been able to restrict their nutritional needs to the point where they can survive on almost nothing more than grass and plants. Perhaps author Malcolm Penny put it best, stating simply “the success of the kangaroo(s) may be put down to the fact that its principal food – grass – grows everywhere where the trees are not too thick to prevent it.” The kangaroo has evolved over the centuries to the point that it is very well equipped to handle its diet. Kangaroos have very thin and sharp incisors (front teeth) in both their upper and lower jaws, which enable them to crop grass very low and feed on short, coarse grass which other animals, such as livestock, cannot eat. Kangaroos also possess large molars in the back of their mouths, which chop up and grind tough plant parts. When a kangaroo’s molars become worn out, they move toward the front and fall out. Meanwhile, new molars move in from the back to take their place. A kangaroo will get an average of 16 new molars during its lifetime. The fact that the kangaroo’s main source of food can be found almost everywhere on the continent, combined with the kangaroo’s specialized teeth, has allowed the kangaroos to survive, thrive, and live off the land extremely efficiently. The last and most unusual trait that the kangaroo possesses which enables it to survive and flourish in its habitat is its extraordinary reproduction and breeding habits. “Adult female kangaroos,” states writer Patricia Miller-Schroeder, “are, quite simply, baby machines.” Indeed, adult female kangaroos will spend the majority of their adult lives either pregnant or nursing a joey. In fact, it is not uncommon for adult female kangaroos to be pregnant with one baby, have an infant joey nursing inside the pouch, and yet another “at foot” (outside the pouch but still dependent on the mother for milk). In times of drought, however, giving birth would be most disadvantageous for both the mother and the joey, and therefore the mother kangaroo has evolved to the point where she is capable of completely bringing to a halt all reproductive functions in her body until conditions improve. As soon as conditions do improve, however, the cycle will immediately start again from scratch, and within a year the adult female kangaroo will have two developing young, one inside and one outside the pouch, as well as a third on the way. This method of giving birth allows kangaroo populations to stay at full strength in good conditions and enables them to bounce back very effectively from poor conditions or droughts. Despite the fact that it lives in one of the most treacherous environments in the world, the Australian Outback, the kangaroo has been able to survive and proliferate, due in large part to the various adaptations it has made over the centuries in order to adjust to its changing environment. From its finely tuned and highly specialized anatomy, to its simple and undemanding diet, to its extraordinary ability to restrict reproduction when necessary, the kangaroo is so acutely evolved and attuned to its surroundings and environment that it is, in essence, part of the Outback. However, certain unnatural circumstances beyond the kangaroo’s control have begun to threaten its survival in recent years. As farmers clear out more and more land in the Outback to make way for grazing pastures, kangaroos have found it necessary to compete with sheep, cattle, and other livestock for grass and water. As a result, kangaroos often invade farmers’ private property, eating the grass and drinking the water that was intended for the livestock. Consequently, farmers have begun to view kangaroos as pests and, for lack of a better way to keep the kangaroos out, will frequently shoot the animals. Researchers estimate that approximately 3 to 5 million kangaroos are killed by farmers each year. Another problem that the influx of humans in Australia has created for kangaroos is road-kills: one observer recently counted 282 kangaroos dead on a 115-mile long stretch of highway in Queensland. However, despite these new and as yet unsolved problems facing the kangaroo population, researchers and scientists are confident that kangaroos will be able to overcome these obstacles and live on as they have for millions of years: adapting to their environment when necessary, evolving to suit their changing surroundings, but always surviving.  

americanwriter

americanwriter

  • Jun 30, 2004

That opening sentence is a sure argument starter. Good job! So is that whole "evolution in progress" thread you've got running through this piece. But that's for a theology forum. If you're seeing evolution taking place over there, I think I know a few scientists who'd like a map to a good observation point. They still aren't committing to Darwin's entire theory. Interesting piece, none the less. Good luck with it. Thinking of submitting to National Geographic or perhaps Smithsonian Magazine? Animal Planet might even like this as content for their website. Hmm.  

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write an essay kangaroo

Friday essay: the art of the colonial kangaroo hunt

write an essay kangaroo

Professor of English, The University of Melbourne

write an essay kangaroo

ARC Senior Research Fellow in English, The University of Melbourne

Disclosure statement

Ken Gelder receives funding from the Australian Research Council.

Rachael Weaver receives funding from the Australian Research Council.

University of Melbourne provides funding as a founding partner of The Conversation AU.

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Since the beginnings of settler occupation in Australia, the kangaroo has been claimed at once as a national symbol and as a type of vermin to be destroyed en masse. In Kate Clere McIntyre and Michael McIntyre’s recent award-winning film, Kangaroo: A Love Hate Story , Sydney academic Peter Chen sums up this stark contradiction: “Kangaroos are wonderful, fuzzy, they’re maternal, and they’re also a pest that should be eliminated wholesale”.

The killing of kangaroos by Europeans began at exactly the same time that the species was first identified. Shooting, naming, describing, scientifically classifying, sketching, dissecting, eating: these things all played out simultaneously as soon as Cook’s Endeavour got stranded on a reef in far north Queensland in June and July 1770.

Lieutenant John Gore was the first to shoot a kangaroo; Cook noted that Aboriginal people called this animal “Kangooroo, or Kanguru”; the ship’s artist Sydney Parkinson produced two beautiful sketches of these creatures; and Joseph Banks went ashore to hunt with his greyhound and “dress’d” a kangaroo for his dinner.

Bits and pieces of dead kangaroos were shipped back to England, where Banks presented them to George Stubbs, an artist famous for his anatomical accuracy – and who had made his name as a painter of thoroughbred horses and hunting scenes. Stubbs worked with a stuffed or inflated pelt and drew on Parkinson’s sketches to produce the first painting of this newly-identified species, Portrait of the Kongouro from New Holland (1770).

write an essay kangaroo

An engraving of this painting – with the kangaroo gazing back over its shoulder (curiously? Is someone pursuing it?) – was used to illustrate the bestselling 1773 publication of Cook’s journal. As Des Cowley and Brian Hubber have noted , further engravings were made, the image began to circulate, and soon “the kangaroo had entered the European popular imagination”.

write an essay kangaroo

The kangaroo hunt quickly became a recognisable genre in colonial Australian art. Joseph Lycett was transported to New South Wales in 1813, a convicted forger. His Aborigines using fire to hunt kangaroo (c. 1817) and Aborigines hunting kangaroos (1820) give us two early examples of “ethnographic” landscape painting where Aboriginal people hunt kangaroos in a fantasy precolonial space untouched by the impact of European settlement.

write an essay kangaroo

In other works, however, Lycett placed Aboriginal hunters alongside settlers as mutual participants in the developing social and economic life of the colony. In these early days of settlement, kangaroos were a vital food source.

Lycett’s Inner View of Newcastle (1818) depicts a settler, a convict and an Aboriginal man walking in single file with four kangaroo dogs (usually, greyhound, deerhound and wolfhound crossbreeds); the convict is carrying the carcass of a freshly killed kangaroo over his shoulder.

write an essay kangaroo

Lycett’s View on the Wingeecarrabee River, New South Wales (1824) takes us down to the Southern Highlands, inland from Wollongong – where a settler with a musket, an Aboriginal man with a spear and two kangaroo dogs are all chasing down a single kangaroo.

Augustus Earle was a freelance professional artist who had travelled around the world – with Charles Darwin, among others. He spent two and a half years in Australia in the mid-1820s, chronicling metropolitan and bush scenes. His painting A Bivouac of Travellers in Australia in a Cabbage Tree Forest, Day Break (1827) gives us an idyllic scene of Aboriginal and settler companionship in the wake of a kangaroo hunt.

A group of settlers and two Aboriginal men are arranged around a campfire, waking up, preparing breakfast, and tending to a horse. There are two kangaroo dogs curled up and sleeping, and in the foreground of the painting – in the shadows, lying beside a rifle – is a large, dead kangaroo.

write an essay kangaroo

Hunting clubs

S. T. Gill is probably the best known local artist to represent the kangaroo hunt as an organized recreational event. Colonial hunting clubs were established across Australia in the 1830s and 1840s; the first “meet” in Victoria, for example, was in 1839, organized near Geelong by the Indian-born military officer and pastoralist William Mercer. Squatters bred packs of hounds and wealthy locals and visiting dignitaries would be invited to join in the hunt and all the social occasions that went with it.

Foster Fyans was the Police Magistrate of Geelong and helped to oversee the dispossession of Aboriginal people across the western district frontier. “A noble pack of hounds was kept up by gentlemen squatters who met every season”, he recalled much later on, “hunting twice and thrice a week, and meeting at each other’s houses, where good cheer and good and happy society were ever to be met”.

Kangaroo hunting helped to consolidate squatter power and influence, lending it an available rhetoric of pleasure and merriment. No longer dependent on the kangaroo as a source of food, landowning colonists soon learned how to enjoy the thrill of the chase and the kill for its own sake, as a blood sport that came to define their social world.

Gill was a prolific chronicler of colonial life; his Australian Sketchbook (1865) included one scene, Kangaroo Stalking, in which a settler with a gun and an Aboriginal man hunt kangaroos together. In 1858 he produced a series of three lithographs under the general title Kangaroo Hunting. The first, The Meet, shows a gathering of men outside a rustic colonial homestead, with their horses and dogs (and some chickens; and a magpie on the roof). One of them has the conspicuous trappings of a wealthy squatter, tall, commanding, elaborately styled in black riding boots, yellow waistcoat, and scarlet jacket.

write an essay kangaroo

The second, The Chase, puts the squatter into the foreground, leaping over a fallen log on his powerful white horse. The reckless excitement of the hunt is obvious as the settlers gallop across the dangerous terrain, whips raised. The dogs are chasing a kangaroo, which is retreating into the distance.

write an essay kangaroo

But the third lithograph, The Death, seals the animal’s fate. A squatter stands beside his exhausted hounds as a hunter readies his knife to take the dead kangaroo’s tail. Another hunter lifts his hat, looking back; perhaps he is greeting a group of Aboriginal people who are approaching in the background. The leader of this group – a family? – is carrying a spear; he may also be returning from a hunt.

write an essay kangaroo

There is no sense of impending frontier violence here, but the lithograph does seem to register the differences between settler and Aboriginal relationships to the body of the dead kangaroo: who claims possession of it, and for what purpose.

Settler triumph

write an essay kangaroo

Many notable visitors participated in organized kangaroo hunts: Charles Darwin in 1836 (“my usual ill-fortune in sporting followed us”), Britain’s Admiral of the Fleet Henry Keppel in 1850, the novelist Anthony Trollope in 1871.

write an essay kangaroo

The Duke of Edinburgh came to the colonies in 1867 – the first royal visit – hunting kangaroo in South Australia and then travelling out to Victoria’s western district for more sport.

The Russian-born colonial artist Nicholas Chevalier accompanied him on tour, staying at the squatter John Moffat’s luxurious homestead Chatsworth House at Hopkins Hill, where he sketched a number of hunting scenes. The Duke himself shot at close range over 30 kangaroos trapped in a yard; he got the locals to preserve the skins and claws.

A few years earlier, Chevalier had joined an expedition to the Grampians, producing two significant landscapes. Mount Abrupt (1864) shows an Aboriginal family peacefully camping on a plateau above a gully, with cattle grazing on the pastures behind and the mountain in the background. This family is not (yet) dispossessed from what is clearly settler property.

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Mount Abrupt and The Grampians – produced the same year and published as a lithograph in Charles Troedel’s The Melbourne Album – gives us the same perspective of this mountain. But now there is no Aboriginal family. Instead, a group of settler hunters and their hounds ride roughshod over the place this family had once occupied, chasing kangaroos. It is as if the hunt itself has erased any trace of Aboriginal occupation of land. Its depiction is an expression of settler triumph over both native species (the kangaroo will surely be killed) and Indigeneity (Aboriginal people have been dispossessed).

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Godfrey Mundy was another officer who had served in colonial India. He came to Australia in 1846, where he held a senior role in colonial military administration. He was also the cousin of Sir Charles Fitzroy, who by this time was Governor of New South Wales. Together, they went across the Blue Mountains on a month-long journey that became the basis for Mundy’s bestselling diary and narrative of colonial development, Our Antipodes (1852).

Mundy also illustrated his book; one of the illustrations is titled Hunting the Kangaroo. Here, two hunters are in hot pursuit of a kangaroo, with their hounds leading the way. One of the hounds has the kangaroo by the throat; the other lies injured at its feet. Interestingly, Mundy depicts himself as one of the hunters, with his initials “G.M.” branded on the shoulder of one of the horses.

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On 30 November 1846, Mundy writes, “the resident gentlemen of the vicinity…attempt to show [us] the sport, par excellence, of the country”. But they find only one kangaroo, which eludes them. The landscape makes the kangaroo hunt difficult and dangerous, with uneven ground, tree stumps, and so on. Mundy rides “at full speed into the fork of a fallen tree” and has to “retreat”. But in his sketch, he is still proudly mounted on his horse and in full pursuit; and the kangaroo is about to die. This is the kangaroo hunt sketch as wish-fulfilment, a fantasy conclusion.

Sympathy for the kangaroo

Edward Roper was a keen naturalist and artist who travelled around the world, coming to Australia in 1857. His landscape A Kangaroo Hunt under Mount Zero, the Grampians (1880) has four hunters galloping through a woodland of eucalypts and grass trees, chasing three kangaroos. A long brushwood fence separates the hunters from their quarry. The riders and their hounds are approaching the fence at break-neck speed, highlighting the thrills and dangers of the chase; this is their land now, and they ride across it as a post-frontier expression of settler freedom and exhilaration.

write an essay kangaroo

Roper’s After the Flying Doe gives us a similar scene, although with a closer view of everything including Mount Zero, which now looms large in the background. There is no fence in this version: two hunters on horseback are pursuing kangaroos, with a couple of hounds racing along in front.

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Unusually, the kangaroos themselves are in the foreground of the painting. The “doe’s” femininity is apparent in the delicate representation of her features, and possibly there is a joey peeking from her pouch. It looks like this painting wants to invite some sympathy for the female kangaroo’s plight by placing her in the foreground, emphasizing her gender and invoking her directly in the title.

What happens when male hunters kill a female kangaroo? “Colonial Hunt” is the first poem published in Australia on an Australian topic; it appeared in the Sydney Gazette in June 1805. Here, a female kangaroo (“Kanguroo”) is pursued and trapped by a hunter and his dog. “Fatigu’d, broken hearted, tears gush from her eyes”, the poet writes, as she realizes her fate.

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The kangaroo that weeps when it dies offers a rare moment of sentimental identification with a native species that by 1805 is already a target for extermination. We don’t see kangaroo tears again until Ethel C. Pedley’s Dot and the Kangaroo (1902). In this famous children’s story, a female kangaroo’s sadness over the ecological toll of settlement is now shared by all native species: “Every creature in the bush weeps”, she says, “that they should have come to take the beautiful bush away from us”.

Organised hunts could kill any number of kangaroos; alongside hunting meets that pursued individual roos as game, squatters also organised large scale drives or battues, which could see thousands of kangaroos rounded up, slaughtered and left to rot.

Kangaroos are no longer hunted on horseback, of course. But small - and large -scale killing continues unabated. Recently, the New South Wales government relaxed kangaroo culling licences , consistent with the view of the kangaroo as a “pest” that competes with livestock for survival in drought conditions. If we add this to that government’s plan to expand and intensify forest logging, it’s easy to sympathise with the kangaroo’s complaint in Pedley’s turn-of-the century fantasy.

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Kangaroos Essay

When European explorers first saw these strange hopping animals they asked a native Australian (aborigine) what they were called. He replied “kangaroo” meaning “I don’t understand” your question. The explorers thought this was the animal’s name. And that’s how the kangaroo got its name. Description: Kangaroos are marsupial mammals and comprise 47 species within the family Macropodidae.

The three largest species of kangaroos belong to the genus Macropus; they are the gray kangaroo, or forester, Macropus canguru (sometimes called M. giganteus or M. major); the wallaroo, M. bustus; and the red kangaroo, or red flyer, M. rufus. The best-known species, the gray kangaroo, is found mostly in open forests of eastern and southwestern Australia and Tasmania. It is long-haired and silvery gray in eastern coastal regions but short-haired and dark gray inland. The red kangaroo, which is found throughout Australia’s interior grasslands, is the largest and most powerful species. A male may attain a head-body length of 1. 5 m; have a tail 1 m long; stand 2 m tall; and weigh 90 kg. A gray kangaroo can clear more than 9 m (30 feet) at a bound and attain a speed of 48 kilometres per hour.

The wallaroo, a smaller and stockier animal, may be dark gray to pinkish brown; it lives in rocky country throughout Australia except Victoria. These large kangaroos travel in groups (mobs) under the leadership of the largest male (“old man,” or “boomer”), which dominates younger rivals by biting, kicking, and boxing. Each long, narrow hind foot has four toes. The short forelimbs are used almost like human arms, but the thumb is not opposable. Kangaroos possess soft, wooly fur, and some have stripes on the head, back, or upper limbs.

All kangaroos have a chambered stomach that is functionally similar to those of such ruminants as cattle and sheep. They regurgitate the vegetation they have eaten, chew it as cud, and then swallow it again for final digestion. Kangaroos need very little water to survive and are capable of going for months without drinking at all. When they do need water, they dig “wells” for themselves, frequently going as deep as three or four feet. These “kangaroo pits” are a common source of water for other animals living in the kangaroo’s environment.

Kangaroos usually have one young annually. The young kangaroo, or joey, is born alive at a very immature stage, when it is only about 2 cm long and weighs less than a gram. Immediately after birth it crawls up the mother’s body and enters the pouch. The baby attaches its mouth to one of four teats, which then enlarges to hold the young animal in place. After several weeks, the joey becomes more active and gradually spends more and more time outside the pouch, which it leaves completely between 7 and 10 months of age.

Female kangaroos enter into heat within a few days after giving birth; they mate and conceive, but after only one week’s development the microscopic embryo enters a dormant state that lasts until the previous young leaves the pouch. The development of the second embryo then resumes and proceeds to birth after a gestation period of about 30 days. Male red kangaroos are of a reddish brown colour on their fur where as the female red kangaroo is a greyish – blue colour. The largest is the Red Kangaroo. It stands taller than a man and can weigh 85 kgs. It is the largest marsupial in the world .

Both of the grey kangaroo sexes have grey fur. A Kangaroo is a marsupial mammal. It is a macropod which means “big foot”. The Kangaroo moves by hopping on its powerful hind legs. It uses its thick long tail to balance its body while hopping. A kangaroo can hop at up to 60kmh (40mph). It can also leap over obstacles up to 3m (10ft) high. Because of the unusual shape of its legs and its bulky tail a kangaroo can’t walk or move backwards very easily. The life of a kangaroo: In general kangaroos rest in the shade during the day and search for food at night . However, they may be active all day when temperatures are low enough.

Kangaroos feed on small grass and small plants. They sometimes gather at feeding sites in large groups called mobs. Otherwise, kanagroos spend all their times in small groups that often consist of a mother and her offspring. Female red kangaroos breed at any time of year . Whereas female grey kangaroos breed in late spring or early summer. About one month after mating, the female will give birth to a joey this is what baby kangaroos are called. At birth a joey is only about one inch long. The joey spends 6 to 8 months in the mother’s pouch attached to one of her teats (nipples) and nourished by milk.

The female has 4 teats and older offspring attempt to get milk from the long after they have left the pouch. The kangaroo usually rests in the shade during the day and comes out to eat in the late afternoon and night when its much cooler. It eats mostly grass. The kangaroo fights by attacking its opponent with its front paws (which have sharp claws) or by kicking them with its powerful hind legs. Contrary to what you see on TV the kangaroo is not a boxer! Kangaroos are found in Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea. Most are terrestrial and all are herbivorous, grazing and browsing for their food.

Their principal enemies are humans, who kill kangaroos for meat and for their hides (used in shoes), and because kangaroos compete with livestock for food. By the late 20th century,the number of kangaroos in Australia had increased to the point that the animals had to be systematically reduced by hunting because its natural predators (such as the thylacine) had been virtually eliminated by Australian farmers. Kangaroos possess long, powerful hind legs and feet for hopping and leaping, their predominant forms of locomotion. Their long tails, thickened at the base, are used for balancing; kangaroos frequently “go on all fives” when foraging.

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Short Essay on Kangaroo for Students

Category: Essays and Paragraphs On January 7, 2019 By Janhavi

Kangaroo is the commonest big animal found in the Australian sub-continent. The Kangaroo is of great historic and cultural significance to the people and country of Australia. It is Australia’s national symbol.

The Kangaroo is classified as a Marsupial, as a Mammal and also a Macropod. It is a mammal because the female Kangaroo feeds and nourishes its young ones by the special Mammary Glands. It is a Marsupial because the female Kangaroo has a special pouch on its body in which it carries its young ones. And it is called a Macropod because it has big, strong and muscular hind legs.

So you can easily recognize and differentiate a Kangaroo from all other animals, because it is a big, tall animal, with a small triangular head. It stands on its strong and muscular hind [back] legs, with parts of the legs flat on the ground, and the rest of the body raised straight in air while standing. Also its front legs are short and hanging in the air. It has a strong and muscular tail which also supports its body while stationary and in motion along with its two hind legs.

Movement and Locomotion

Kangaroo uses its hind legs and the tail to stand and to hop about. The fastest mode of movement for a Kangaroo is hopping where it hops using the strength of its hind legs and its tail. It can hop and travel very fast even at speeds ranging around 50 kilometres per hour if necessary. The Australian country landscape is wide, open and expansive; and sometimes the Kangaroos have had to adapt themselves to travel long distances in search of food and water. But at slower speeds the Kangaroo also uses its front legs along with its hind legs and tail for a kind of a mixture of running and hopping.

All species of Kangaroos are herbivores. They feed by grazing. They do not eat other animals. They graze on different species of grass, shrubs, small bushes and small plants. Their dental structure and digestive system is also adapted to eating grass and shrubs.

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Guest Essay

Math Is the Answer to More Than One Question

A drawing that includes a man with a cane, a few plants, and the equation 3 + 8 = 11.

By Alec Wilkinson

Mr. Wilkinson is the author of “ A Divine Language : Learning Algebra, Geometry, and Calculus at the Edge of Old Age.”

I am surprised at this late stage, in my 70s, to be thinking about God. In my defense, I might say that I did not arrive at these thoughts by reflecting on my own inevitable end or from a religion or a Scripture or the example of a holy figure. I arrived by means of mathematics, specifically simple mathematics — algebra, geometry and calculus, the kind of mathematics that adolescents do.

Several years ago, I decided that I needed to know something of mathematics, a subject that had roughed me up cruelly as a boy. I believed that not knowing mathematics had limited my ability to think and solve problems and to see the world in complex ways, and I thought that if I understood even a little of it, I would be smarter. My acquaintance with mathematics is still slight. I am only a mathematical tourist, but my experience has led me to believe that mathematics is rife with intimations of a divine presence.

This is no observation of my own. Mathematicians have been finding suggestions of divinity in mathematics at least since Pythagoras, in the sixth century B.C. For many mathematicians, there is no question that God is somehow involved. Newton, for example, believed that mathematics exemplified thoughts in the mind of God.

A couple of simple mysteries, available to anyone, help explain why this might be so. The first is the question of whether mathematics is created or discovered. Some mathematicians believe that mathematics is a system invented by human beings and that it is shaped as it is by the tendencies of human beings toward particular types of thinking. This is a minority view. The majority believe that mathematics exists as if independently of human thought and that the discoveries that mathematicians make are a mapping of an independent and timeless territory, a sort of parallel world where nothing is good or evil but everything is true.

There is also the observation by the Canadian mathematician Robert Langlands that mathematics is not complete, and because of its nature may never be. Mathematics, which attempts to define infinity, may itself be infinite.

For theologians in antiquity, infinity was a property of God. Being finite, humans were believed to be incapable of conceiving of infinity on their own. God gave us the ability, they thought, as a means of understanding his nature. Theologians were even a little touchy about his sole possession of it. In “Leaders of the Reformation,” published in London in 1859, John Tulloch quotes Martin Luther, sounding a little piqued in a dispute at a conference in 1529, saying: “I will have nothing to do with your mathematics! God is above mathematics!”

Toward the end of the 19th century, the mathematician Georg Cantor, the creator of set theory, discovered that infinity is not a static description. Some infinities, he said, are larger than others. For each infinity there is a larger one, an infinity to which something has been added. There are in fact a multitude of infinities, and infinities themselves can be added to one another.

Eventually, one arrives at the infinity that contains all other infinities. What surpasses all, Cantor wrote to a friend, was “the Absolute, incomprehensible to the human understanding. This is the Actus Purissimus, which by many is called God.”

When I was a small child, I did not think about God so much as I felt him or her or them, however you care to frame it. Not infrequently, and especially when I was in the woods, I had a sense of there being an accompanying presence, of there being, that is, something immaterial behind everything. I know now but I didn’t then that this feeling is sufficiently common that it has a name: immanence. I never talked about it with anyone; I simply assumed that everyone felt the way that I did.

Immanence is a second cousin once removed to pantheism, of course, the notion that God is in everything, and closer to the Greeks than to Christian monotheism. Perhaps not surprisingly, I was separated from this notion in Sunday school. There I was taught that God inhabited a book and the form of a singular man. It isn’t so much that I resisted these premises as that they didn’t stir anything within me. I didn’t connect them to the feelings that I had had alone in the woods. I gave up.

I am grateful to have a sense of mystery returned to me by mathematics. I am pleased to have been given, from an unexpected source, a reason both humbling and human to feel that there is more to life than I might believe there to be. And even if created by men and women, mathematics, as I read somewhere, is the longest continuous human thought, a circumstance that is itself worth regarding with awe.

Alec Wilkinson is the author of “ A Divine Language : Learning Algebra, Geometry, and Calculus at the Edge of Old Age,” which has recently been released in paperback.

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