ap psychology free response 2019

AP Psychology Free Response Questions

Ap psychology free response.

There are some great AP Pysch Free Response resources. Check our prior year questions along with tips and strategies for success.

Prior Year Questions

Attacking an frq, how to ace ap psych frqs, how to write the ap psychology essay.

AP Psychology | Practice Exams | Free Response | Notes | Flashcards |  Study Guides

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Sat / act prep online guides and tips, the expert's guide to the ap psychology exam.

Advanced Placement (AP)

Taking AP Exams can be stressful, but if you know what to expect on test day, you can eliminate a lot of that anxiety. The AP Psychology exam is one of the more popular AP tests, and it has a pretty straightforward format and scoring system. In this article, I'll tell you what's on the AP Psychology test, how it's graded, and which prep methods you should use to get a great score.

How Is the AP Psychology Exam Structured?

The AP Psych test consists of two sections : a multiple-choice section and a free-response section.

Overall, AP Psychology is one of the shorter AP exams, clocking in at just two hours in total . The exam will take place on Tuesday, May 3, 2023, at noon .

Before we get into the details of each section, here's an overview of what AP Psych looks like:

Section 1: Multiple Choice

Here is a quick rundown of the multiple-choice section format:

• Number of Questions: 100
• Time: 70 minutes
• Scoring: Worth 2/3 of your final AP Psych score

All multiple-choice questions come with five possible answer choices (labeled A-E). These questions will typically ask you to do the following, per the College Board :

• Define and explain content from a range of course topics
• Apply skills of concept application, data analysis, and scientific investigation

Section 2: Free Response

Here is an overview of the free-response section on the AP Psychology test:

• Number of Questions: 2
• Time: 50 minutes
• Scoring: Worth 1/3 of your final AP Psych score

The first free-response question is a Concept Application question, while the second question is a Research Design question.

Both questions will ask you to do the following, per the College Board :

• Explain behavior and apply theories using concepts from different theoretical frameworks or subdomains in the field
• Analyze psychological research studies, including analyzing and interpreting quantitative data

Ah, May. The flowers are blooming, the birds are chirping—and the rustle of freshly opened AP test booklets fills the air.

How Is the AP Psychology Exam Scored?

Now that you understand the structure of the AP Psychology exam, it's time to learn how your final AP score is calculated . As mentioned, the multiple-choice section is worth 67% of your final Psych score, while the free-response section is worth 33% of your score.

For multiple choice, scoring is relatively simple: you earn a point for every question you answer correctly . No points are deducted for incorrect answers or questions left blank; therefore, you can earn a maximum of 100 points on the multiple-choice section.

Free-response questions are reviewed by AP graders. You'll get a score out of 7 for each of the two questions. Each of these scores is then multiplied by 3.57 so that, together, they make up 1/3 of your total raw AP Psychology score.

Your raw score is then compared with the curve calculated by the College Board to see what score you'll get on the final 1-5 AP scale.

The following table offers estimated raw-to-AP-score conversions for the AP Psychology test. Keep in mind that each year the curve is slightly different, so this will give you a rough estimate of your score and not an exact prediction .

Source: The College Board

For example, let's say you got 55 questions right on the multiple-choice section and scored a 4 on one free-response question and a 5 on the other. This would add up to a raw score of around 87 because 55 + (4 * 3.57) + (5 * 3.57) = 87.13. Based on the chart above, this score would translate to 3 for your final AP score .

Topics and Example Questions on the AP Psychology Test

In this section, I'll give you some real-life examples of test questions so you can get a better idea of what the AP Psychology test is actually like.

As a preface to the questions, here are the nine overarching topics you'll see on AP Psych . You should consult this list to make sure that you've fully reviewed the content for the test and are not missing anything important (especially in the most common topic areas).

Source: AP Psychology Course and Exam Description, 2019-2020

Multiple-Choice Question Example

Here is a sample question from the 2020 AP Psychology Course and Exam Description :

You should be able to tell right away that this behavior has been conditioned in the dogs , so the answer will be either B or C. In psych, "conditioning" refers to a kind of behavioral process in which a particular response becomes more frequent and/or predictable. So already you've eliminated the other three possible answer choices.

Now, to select the correct answer, you need to know the difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning refers to involuntary responses that occur due to past experiences, while operant conditioning refers to voluntary responses that occur as a result of past experiences.

Because the dogs are salivating without consciously meaning to—in other words, it's a completely involuntary bodily response— the correct answer must be B (classical conditioning) .

Free-Response Question Example

The following free-response question also comes from the 2020 AP Psych Exam Description :

Here are the answers for each part as described in the official scoring guidelines .

Part A—3 Points

• Control Group: One point for a response that identifies the control group as the group that sat quietly
• Confounding Variable: One point for a response that identifies the confounding variable as the time of day
• Independent Variable: One point for a response that identifies the independent variable as whether the students punched the punching bag

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Part B—4 Points

• Catharsis: One point for a response that explains that students were supposed to experience the release of strong negative feelings by punching the punching bag
• Hypothesis: One point for a response that explains that the researcher's hypothesis was not supported, as those students who punched the bag actually ended up honking the horn at Steve for longer periods of time
• Ethical Flaws: One point for a response that describes the need for debriefing the students, because the researcher used deception
• Mean: One point for calculating the mean to be 35

"Does free will exist, or am I just a made-up person who exists solely to provide context for a question on an exam taken by beings in an alternate universe?" Oh, Annabelle, save it for college.

How to Prep for the AP Psychology Exam: 6 Critical Tips

If you're aware of the AP Psych exam's structure and content, you can use specific prep methods to help you succeed on the test. Here are six tips guaranteed to give you a higher chance of earning a great AP Psych score.

#1: Take Practice Tests

The best way to prepare for standardized tests like AP Psychology is to take practice tests so that you have a good idea of where your weaknesses lie . Practice tests will also help you get used to the format of the test and the types of questions it asks.

The College Board offers practice free-response questions from previous years (up to 2021). You can also access three full-length official AP Psychology practice tests as free PDFs:

• 2012 AP Psychology Exam
• 1999 AP Psychology Exam
• 1994 AP Psychology Exam

To simulate the real testing experience, I recommend printing out the test and writing/bubbling in your answers to the questions rather than doing them on the computer. You should also time yourself accurately so you can be sure you don't run out of time on the actual exam.

After you take a practice test or two, review your answers to see which content areas gave you the most trouble. Focus on going over the topics for which you had the highest concentration of incorrect answers.

#2: Make Use of AP Classroom

In 2019, the College Board released an online portal called AP Classroom , which connects students with their AP teachers. You can turn in homework on the portal, get feedback on your assignments, and receive access to official AP Psych study materials, including a question bank with real test questions. Your teacher will run the AP Classroom course page.

#3: Use the Topic Breakdown Information

For AP Psychology, we know exactly which topics will be covered and how frequently we can expect to see them on the test. This is valuable information you can use to your advantage when studying.

Specifically, spend more time reviewing unfamiliar topics that are especially common on the exam . It's better to know the ins and outs of a high-frequency topic super well than to have only a rudimentary knowledge of two low-frequency topics. Prioritize wisely!

#4: Learn to Budget Your Time Appropriately

This is something you can do in conjunction with taking practice tests. On the AP Psychology test, you only have about 40 seconds for each multiple-choice question. This means you have to be smart about skipping questions that are taking up too much of your time (and either going back to them later or picking a random letter—remember that there's no penalty for incorrect answers, so you should definitely fill in every single one!).

If you take a practice test and find that you're often running out of time, you might need to push yourself to work faster or move on from difficult questions more quickly.

You'll also have just 25 minutes for each free-response question on the test. The good news is that free-response questions on AP Psychology are scored based on the information you provide and not on your mastery of the essay format. Basically, y ou don't have to write an introduction and a conclusion , which will save you a lot of time.

#5: Go Over Important Terms

On the AP Psych exam, it's crucial for you to know the meanings of key terms related to the course. Questions often ask you to explain how a scenario relates to a certain psychological concept. But i f you don't remember what the concept means, you won't be able to answer the question.

There are lots of confusing terms in AP Psychology, which is why it's so important that you take the time to compile them and go through them methodically when you study. This is especially true of terms you learned at the beginning of the school year , as they'll be less fresh in your mind when the time comes to take the test.

#6: Avoid Cramming

There's a lot to remember for AP Psychology, and you aren't going to be able to stuff it all in your brain in one night!

For courses like this that are memorization-heavy, it's best to get in the habit of studying as you go along and taking the time to review old material periodically . If you can gradually build up your knowledge throughout the school year and avoid completely forgetting what you learned at the beginning of class, the exam will feel much less stressful for you.

Every one or two months, do a comprehensive review of everything you've learned so far to refresh your memory. You might be surprised by how little you have to study for the AP Psych test at the end of the school year when everyone else is freaking out!

And remember, ladies, you're never too busy to throw on a little eye glitter between study sessions.

Recap: What to Know About the AP Psychology Test

The AP Psychology exam is a relatively short AP test. However, because it encompasses a variety of content areas, it's important to know all the key terms and psychological theories that are covered in the course.

In order to succeed on this test, you must be able to connect specific psychological terminology to a wide range of different scenarios .

Overall, AP Psychology is probably one of the easier AP exams, but that doesn't mean you should skip studying. Make sure you take official practice tests and are fully aware of the exam's format and content so you won't be caught off guard on test day!

What's Next?

Still not sure if AP Psychology is the right choice for you? Learn more about AP classes and tests to see whether it's worth it to take them . You can also dip your toe in the AP Psych pool with this article about Stockholm Syndrome (something you'll likely learn about in AP Psych).

What do AP scores mean for your future? Find out more about how AP credit works at colleges .

Trying to plan out your schedule? Read this article to get a better idea of how many AP classes you should take based on your college goals.

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We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools .

Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in.

Samantha is a blog content writer for PrepScholar. Her goal is to help students adopt a less stressful view of standardized testing and other academic challenges through her articles. Samantha is also passionate about art and graduated with honors from Dartmouth College as a Studio Art major in 2014. In high school, she earned a 2400 on the SAT, 5's on all seven of her AP tests, and was named a National Merit Scholar.

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AP® Psychology

Ap® psychology faq: everything you need to know for 2024.

• The Albert Team
• Last Updated On: January 29, 2024

Are you looking to understand the ins and outs of the 2024 AP® Psychology exam? Read the FAQs below to learn everything you need to know before crushing the test!

What We Review

Is AP® Psychology easy? What can make it hard?

The AP® Psychology course is definitely more difficult than the typical high school psychology course. AP® courses are meant to teach students at an introductory college level. Compared to other AP® exams, AP® Psychology is considered one of the easier exams to pass in the AP® catalog for the reasons described below.

In 2023, the AP® Psychology exam had a passing rate of 59.6%, with a mean score of 2.89 .

Historically, the AP® Psychology exam has had a relatively high passing rate compared to all other AP® exams.

All of these statistics are based on the total number of students who sit for the AP® Psychology exam every year. This exam averages about 300,000 students yearly (in 2023, the exam had 321,329 test-takers ), making it one of the most popular exams in the AP® test catalog.

If you want to maximize your study time, you’ll want to focus on the areas most represented in the exam. It will be helpful to know how the individual units are weighted on the exam so you can target your study time accordingly. 

For the multiple-choice portion of the exam, each of the nine course units is represented, but with varying weights. Unit 1: Scientific Foundations of Psychology is weighted at 10-14% of the exam. Unit 5: Cognitive Psychology, makes up 13-17% of the exam. Unit 7: Motivation, Emotion, and Personality, accounts for 11-15% for the exam, and Unit 8: Clinical Psychology, makes up 12-16% of the exam. These four units account for roughly half of the exam content.

According to the AP® Psychology score calculator provided by Albert (previewed below), you will need to answer 53 of the 100 multiple-choice questions correctly and score at least 4 of the 7 possible points on each of the two free-response questions.

Return to the Table of Contents

Is AP® Psychology worth it?

There are a variety of reasons why many students feel that taking the AP® Psychology exam is worth their time and effort. First, AP® courses, in general, provide a glimpse into college-level classes and the workload associated with them. Also, students who do well in AP® courses feel better prepared and more confident about their upcoming college experience.

Second, for students who plan to attend college, having AP® classes on your resume can assist you in the admissions process, especially at the more competitive colleges. According to the National Society of High School Scholars , “ College admissions professionals like to see that you have challenged yourself and are also prepared for college-level curriculum. Doing well in AP® courses can show college admissions staff that you are ready to succeed in college.”

Third, and probably most importantly financially, are the potential savings you could realize when using AP® courses for college credit. Students who enter college with credits through AP® courses can see big savings by paying for fewer credit hours.

Below is a chart that shows these savings for a few select colleges that accept the AP® Psychology exam for college credit.

The combination of all of these factors, both academically and financially, make most students feel that taking the AP® Psychology exam is worth it.

When is the 2024 AP® Psychology exam?

The 2024 AP® Psychology exam will be given in person using paper-and-pencil tests. The 2024 AP® Psychology exam will take place on:

Thursday, May 9, 2024, at 12pm (noon) local time

Curious about when other AP® exams are happening in 202 4? View or download the complete AP® exam schedule here .

When do AP® Psychology scores typically come out?

According to the latest update from the College Board exam season timeline , students will receive their AP® scores in July 2024. Historically, the College Board typically releases AP® scores early in the month of July.

You’ll be able to access your AP® scores online with your College Board account username and password

How is AP® Psychology scored? What’s the weighting of different questions?

Below is the scoring breakdown for the AP® Psychology exam:

The first section is the multiple-choice section. In this section, you must answer 100 questions in one hour and 10 minutes. This requires you to answer questions at a rate of less than one minute per question.

In the multiple-choice section, you will be required to define and explain concepts as well as apply skills such as concept application, data analysis, and scientific investigation.

The free-response portion consists of two questions. In these questions, you will need to apply a variety of theories and concepts from different subsets of psychology. You will also be required to analyze research studies and analyze and interpret quantitative data.

Here are some more FRQ tips:

Pro tip: Memorization of terms and concepts is not enough to do well on the AP® Psychology exam. You will need to have the ability to apply these concepts to real-world scenarios in order to gain the best grade on this exam. The chart below shows how the different course units are reflected in the exam questions. To see how these weightings translate into an exam score, try Alberts’s free AP® Psychology score calculator .

What happens if you fail AP® Psychology?

Failing the AP® Psychology exam is not the end of the world. You can reduce the impact of a failing score on your academic career in many ways.

Students have the ability to take the AP® Psychology exam as often as they like. That means that if you fail the exam, you can retake it every May until you achieve the score you want. You will be responsible for all exam fees each time you choose to take the exam.

If you are concerned about the impact that failing the AP® Psychology exam might have on your overall high school GPA, you’ll be happy to hear that AP® exam grades are rarely factored into high school grades. Your AP® teacher will base your course grade on the work and tests that occurred prior to the AP® exam. 

The college admissions process has the most opportunity to be impacted by failing the AP® Psychology exam. If you are attempting to use your AP® Psychology exam score for college credit, you will need a score of three or better in order to be awarded college credit.

However, as the student, you control which exam scores are sent to colleges. If you fail the exam, you can choose not to send the score. If you do end up sending a low score you have the ability to cancel it. You also have the ability to substitute a higher score from a future re-take.

When do students typically take AP® Psychology? When is best?

According to our research, students typically take AP® Psychology in their sophomore year. It is commonly considered one of the easier exams, and, as a result, schools tend to recommend that it be taken earlier in a student’s AP® course career.

AP® Psychology typically requires no prerequisites and covers a straightforward body of knowledge that is easier for students to memorize and explain on an AP® exam. It does not cover as wide a content area as some of the other AP® History and Social Science exams, allowing students more time to get familiar with the content.

Since AP® Psychology is not as intensive as some of the other AP® courses like AP® World History or AP® US History, students can consider taking this alongside some of the more intensive courses. As you plan your high school career, it is helpful to know which AP® courses you want to take and plan each year’s courses in advance to attempt to pair more intensive courses with less intensive ones.

In the end, when you decide to take AP® Psychology is completely up to you. We recommend discussing the timing of your AP® courses with your teachers, your guidance counselor and your parents. They can provide you with valuable insight into when might be the right time to take AP® Psychology.

Where can I find past AP® Psychology exams?

Past AP® Psychology exams for the last 20 years can be found on the AP® Central website . 

You should take the time to review the free-response questions for the last few years. Reviewing these questions can help you understand what kinds of questions have been asked in the past. You can also see examples of answers that have received full points in the past. This information will allow you to better prepare for these difficult and rigorous questions. 

Below, you will find links to the free-response questions for the AP® Psychology exam for recent years :

• 2023 AP® Psychology Free-Response Questions
• 2022 AP® Psychology Free-Response Questions
• 2021 AP® Psychology Free-Response Questions
• 2019 AP® Psychology Free-Response Questions
• 2018 AP® Psychology Free-Response Questions
• 2017 AP® Psychology Free-Response Questions
• 2016 AP® Psychology Free-Response Questions
• 2015 AP® Psychology Free-Response Questions

You can also prepare in advance for the multiple-choice portion of the AP® Psychology exam. The College Board has provided a few multiple choice questions in their AP® Psychology Course and Exam Description . However, this guide only provides a few multiple-choice questions, so it won’t cover all of the concepts that will be covered on the exam. 

You can get more multiple-choice practice on Albert’s AP® Psychology exam prep page. This page provides hundreds of additional multiple-choice questions that are aligned with the learning objectives of the AP® Psychology course. 

To fully prepare for the AP® Psychology exam, you should explore all of the resources available on the AP® Central website. The College Board has compiled a wealth of useful information that can help you boost your score.

• AP® Psychology Scoring Guidelines: 2023 / 2019 / 2018 / 2017 / 2016
• AP® Psychology Chief Reader Reports: 2023 / 2019 / 2018 / 2017 / 2016
• AP® Psychology Scoring Reports: 2023 / 2019 / 2018 / 2017 / 2016

The scoring guidelines will give you valuable information on how points are awarded for the free response questions and what kinds of answers receive more points. These questions can be more subjective than the multiple choice portion of the exam, so doing your homework here will pay off in your final score.

The Chief Reader reports include a wealth of useful information about how students answered past free-response questions and where they went wrong. Learning from other students’ past mistakes can help you not repeat those same mistakes.

The 2019 AP® Psychology Chief Reader Report stated that many students had memorized terms and definitions but could not apply them to real-world scenarios. Using past questions, students should practice delving beyond simple definitions and work toward applying the information to the stated scenarios.

If you want to know which questions students struggled with the most on past exams, you can find that information on the scoring reports. These reports will tell you the mean score of each question on past exams. For example, on the 2019 AP® Psychology exam, students scored a mean of 1.80 points out of a possible 7 on question #1. 

If you then look at the Chief Reader report for that question, you will see that to answer the question successfully, you needed to apply psychological concepts to the provided scenario. Knowing this in advance gives you important information on where to focus your efforts as you study for the exam. 

Another tool you should use in preparing for the AP® Psychology exam is the sample responses . These reports provide three sample student responses to each past free response question. Each sample response report includes a response that received full marks as well as two that missed some or most of the points. The report includes a detailed explanation of the points awarded for each response.

In the end, it is important to remember that the free response portion of the AP® Psychology exam only accounts for 33.3% of your overall exam grade. The other 66.6% comes from the multiple-choice section, so you will want to make sure you’re prepared for that section as well. You can find hundreds of sample multiple-choice questions at the Albert AP® Psychology website. These questions have been carefully designed to follow the learning objectives of the AP® Psychology course.

Who should take AP® Psychology? What sort of students may like it more than others?

AP® Psychology is a course that can be a good choice for many students. The subject matter is easily accessible and relatable for many students. If you are interested in how the human brain works and can memorize terms and concepts, AP® Psychology would be a good choice for you. You can find more information about AP® Psychology in the course overview . 

Of course, no AP® exams are required. If psychology as a subject does not interest you, or if you struggle with memorization, you might want to choose a different AP® course that is more aligned with your skills and academic strengths. 

AP® Psychology can also be a good choice for students who want to achieve high scores on all their AP® exams. This exam has a higher-than-average passing rate. In 2023, 59.6% of the students who took this exam passed with a score of 3 or better.

If your goal is to score a 5 on your AP® exams, then AP® Psychology is also a good choice. In 2023, 16.9% of students who took this exam scored a 5. This is one of the higher percentages of perfect scores among all of the AP® exams. 

Of course, you should not take an exam just because you have a better chance of scoring a 5 on it. If psychology is not interesting to you, you may struggle to engage with the content, which could hurt your exam score. 

As a student, you control which AP® courses you choose to take. We suggest that you reach out to your guidance counselor, parents, and teachers for advice before you make this important decision.

How do students typically score on AP® Psychology? What’s the score distribution?

Students typically score a three or better on the AP® Psychology exam. In recent years, approximately 60% of the students who took the exam passed it, which is higher than the overall passing rate for all AP® exams. You can find a detailed scoring breakdown below that can provide some useful numbers as a guide. Your individual score, of course, will depend on how well you study and prepare for this exam.

The score breakdown for recent AP® Psychology exams is as follows:

The AP® Psychology exam has seen a higher-than-average passing rate for the last few years. The number of students who score a 4 or higher is nearly 50%, with approximately 20% of test-takers receiving a 5 on this exam. The scores starting with the 2021 exam season were significantly lower than in previous years.

The mean score for the AP® Psychology exam for 2023 was 2.89 , based on a total AP® Psychology testing population of 321,329.

Need help preparing for your AP® Psychology exam?

Albert has hundreds of AP® Psychology practice multiple-choice questions, free-response questions, and full-length practice tests to try out.

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