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Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive foodborne pathogen capable of causing a foodborne infection known as listeriosis. There are two main types of listeriosis: a non-invasive gastroenteritis and an invasive infection which is often associated with a high mortality and hospitalization rate among susceptible individuals. Gentamicin, used as an adjunct therapy with ampicillin, remains the treatment of choice for the life-threatening invasive listeriosis. Nevertheless, there is little data on gentamicin resistance determinants in L. monocytogenes. Several well-controlled studies have reported that mechanisms of gentamicin resistance in this organism involve active efflux and genetic determinants that affect the uptake of the antibiotic through altered membrane potential. This mini review summarises current knowledge of genetic determinants of gentamicin resistance in L. monocytogenes, with the aim of contributing information that could facilitate the discovery of new therapeutic approaches to overcome, delay or avoid developments of drug resistance in this foodborne pathogen.
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The Impact of 2013 Haze on Emergency Department Utilizations for Acute Respiratory Diseases: A Retrospective Study
- Mohd Azim Ab Manap
- Shamsuriani Md. Jamal
- Hilwani Kaharuddin
- Husyairi Harunarashid
- Mazrura Sahani
- Talib Latif
- Nik Azlan Nik Muhamad PPUKM
Introduction:
Haze imposes a substantial health burden especially in Southeast Asia where occurrences are frequent. Reduction in air quality levels has resulted in an increase in healthcare utilization, especially to the front door of healthcare, the emergency department (ED). Data on ED utilization during haze period is lacking.
Methodology:
This is a retrospective study aimed to determine the association between haze and ED utilization of haze-related acute respiratory illnesses between April 2013 to September 2013. The study period was divided into haze/ non-haze period. Clinical data was collected from the registration book and patients’ case notes. Environmental data was obtained from Institute of Environment and Development Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Total number of patients presented to ED during the study was 32,661. Fifteen percent (n= 5177) presented with acute respiratory symptoms. Total Emergency Department visits during haze period reduced due to emergency declaration, hence reducing non-emergency visits. However, there was a significant increase in hospital admission (p=0.0015) and infective respiratory illnesses (p=0.001) during haze which correlates with increase air pollutant. Patients with chronic respiratory illnesses were more affected by haze (p = 0.001). PM 10 and ozone were the main pollutant during the haze period.
Conclusion:
Increasing pollutant levels from the haze significantly increases ED hospital admission. Evidence from this study can influence policymakers to prepare and allocate resources to hospitals in response to haze-related illnesses.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Mohd Azim Ab Manap, Shamsuriani Md. Jamal, Hilwani Kaharuddin, Husyairi Harunarashid, Mazrura Sahani, Talib Latif, Nik Azlan Nik Muhamad
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Print ISSN : 2232-0253
International Journal of Public Health Research Department of Public Health Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Unversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak Cheras 56000 Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA
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Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive foodborne pathogen capable of causing a foodborne infection known as listeriosis. There are two main types of listeriosis: a non-invasive gastroenteritis and an invasive infection which is often associated with a high mortality and hospitalization rate among susceptible individuals. Gentamicin, used as an adjunct therapy with ampicillin, remains the ...
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21845-z (Q1, IF: 4.223) [ PDF] Md. Mahfuzul Islam, Mohammad Abdul Matin Chowdhury, Rawshan Ara Begum, A. Aldrie Amir. 2022. A bibliometric analysis on the research trends of climate change effects on economic vulnerability. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 29:59300-59315.
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The study period was divided into haze/ non-haze period. Clinical data was collected from the registration book and patients' case notes. Environmental data was obtained from Institute of Environment and Development Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Results: Total number of patients presented to ED during the study was 32,661.