Essay on Material Handling | Industries | Production Management
Here is an essay on the ‘Material Handling’ for class 11 and 12. Find paragraphs, long and short essays on the ‘Material Handling’ especially written for school and management students.
Essay on Material Handling
Essay Contents:
- Essay on the Major Classes of Material Handling Systems
Essay # 1. Concept of Material Handling:
Material handling involves movements of material mechanically or manually in batches or one by one within the plant. Movement may be horizontal, vertical or a combination of the two. Design and operation of an efficient production plant requires a good and effective material handling system for moving the materials from one stage of production to another.
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Material movement in an industry is inevitable from start to finish. It begins from procurement of raw materials and ends at the marketing of finished goods e.g. in manufacturing industries material handling is required for movement/transportation (→) at various stages of production process namely:
Raw material → Receiving → Inspection → Production → Packing → Storage → Marketing, and in servicing industries the movement of documents and clients is very important. Many transport organisations like Road transport, Rail transport, Airlines etc. specialise in material handling system.
A component may be handled 40 times or more before it changes into finished product. Weight of handled material during production = 40 to 50 times the weight of the finished product.
Essay # 2. Functions of Material Handling :
(i) Selection of machines/equipment and plant layout to eliminate or minimise material handling requirements.
(ii) Selection of appropriate, efficient and safe material handling equipment.
(iii) Minimise the cost of material handling by:
(a) Minimising movements of semi-finished goods during production.
(b) To plan movement of optimum number of pieces in one unit.
(c) Minimisation of distance moved.
(d) Increasing the speed of material handling operation through mechanisation.
(e) Eliminate/minimise backtracking and duplicate handling
(f) Utilise gravity for material handling.
Essay # 3. Unproductive Nature of Material Handling :
In an organisation, material handling activities are found to be unproductive. On one hand these are expensive by nature whereas on other hand these add very little to the value of the product. It is observed that in general material handling costs are 10 to 50 percent of the total labour costs.
Thus there is a necessity to analyse the material handling requirements for a system thoroughly. New types of material handling devices are being continually developed with higher degree of mechanisation so as to achieve more productivity and flexibility in operations. The cost of production can be considerably reduced by savings in material handling.
Essay # 4. Factors on which Material Handling System Depends :
Material handling system mainly depends on following factors:
(i) Nature of the Production Process:
(a) For intermittent industries with process layouts, prime requirement of material handling is volume of load. The equipment can be mobile trucks, tractors, trains, cranes etc.
(b) For continuous industries using line or product layout some direct means of transportation between various operations are required. Depending upon the nature of the product, we may need some special type of equipment for material handling.
In some instances this can be co-ordinated by simply arranging the flow of material in such a way that it can be picked up by the subsequent operation e.g. trolly’s, conveyor belts etc.
(ii) Layout of the Plant:
Layout and material handling are not separable problems and so these should always be considered jointly. One important consideration in planning the details of a layout is to provide easy access to all operations by providing an efficient material handling system.
(iii) Building Construction:
Usually, once a building has been erected, it is not possible, at a reasonable cost, to make too many changes in the construction merely for the purpose of installing materials-handling equipment. The equipments used for material handling should be such that no undue loads or other strains are placed on the structural members of the building.
Essay # 5. Principal Determinants of the Movement Requirements :
These can be:
(a) Nature of material to be moved (Liquid, Gas or Solid).
(b) Path over which material is to be moved (length, turns, radii, vertical elevation etc.)
(c) Volume of the material to be moved.
In practice choice of suitable material handling system can be made by getting satisfactory answers for the following questions:
(i) What must be moved?
(ii) Where is to be moved?
(iii) How much is to be moved?
(iv) What is the movement time?
(v) How much equipment is needed for movement?
Essay # 6. Principles of Materials Handling :
A material handling system should be able to move and store the material effectively with minimum effort, maximum safety and in the shortest time.
There are three major principles of materials handling namely:
(i) Reduction in time
(ii) Reduction in handling and
(iii) Equipment Design.
(i) Reduction in Time:
Time is money. Time lost means paying men wages when they are not doing production work. Time is consumed mainly in three things, waiting, loading and unloading and travel time. Waiting time may be the result of bad scheduling, insufficient loading facilities, plant congestion etc. Loading and unloading time depends on the efficiency of labour and the equipment used.
The greater the use of mechanical means that are faster than manual labour, the more efficient can loading and unloading be made. The travel time depends on the speed with which the equipment can move from one point to another. Although speed is a very important factor, the total distance travelled must be taken into account at the same time.
(ii) Reduction in Handling:
When there is less handling, less labour is involved, less equipment is tied up and less time is involved in reduction. Reduction in material handling involves: process changes, layout improvement, increase in size of units handled and use of proper equipment. Changes in process involving a change in layout may eliminate a transfer of load.
If material is loaded in larger units then the amount of handling is reduced. Also the equipment selected should have as little dead weight as possible i.e. it can load most easily with minimum amount of hand labour.
(iii) Equipment Design:
The design of the equipment should be such that handling of material is efficient, quick and safe. It should be economic, flexible, standardised with less maintenance and repair costs. Efficiency can be measured in terms of power input, space requirements etc. The safety of the equipment is important. The design of material handling system basically depends on the nature of operation and the type of equipment used.
Essay # 7. Characteristics of a Good Material Handling System:
(i) Low Terminal Time:
Terminal time is the time required to set down or pickup any load. This time should be lowest for the given situation.
(ii) Amount of Material Handling Equipment Needed:
Logic of economic analysis is to provide material handling capacity to an extent that the combined costs of the handling and incremental operating costs are minimum.
Essay # 8. Major Classes of Material Handling Systems:
Material handling systems can be divided in two main categories:
(i) Those having Fixed Path:
Conveyers, hoists, lifts, cranes, pallets etc.
(ii) Variable Path Systems:
Tractors, trunks, railways, aircraft and water transport.
Some of the common materials handling devices are described below:
I. Transporting Devices:
These devices are useful for horizontal motion only.
Trucks and Similar Vehicles:
These vehicles are powered by hand gasoline or electricity and are capable of transporting material and people in a horizontal direction. These are also variable path equipments and can be used so long as suitable traveling surfaces are available and the route is not obstructed. These devices occupy the space intermittently and as soon as its work is over the space is free for some other operation.
The simplest of these are wheel barrows and hand trucks. But they require large amount of manpower for a relatively small load. These involve low cost, greater flexibility and easy portability from one job to the other.
Tractors and trailers are other popular methods of horizontal transportation.
Here great flexibility is secured. Trailers can be left loaded and can be picked up by different tractors. This is one of the most important methods be of handling materials inside materials inside the plant. Skids can be used with lift trucks. These are improvements over wheelbarrows and hand trucks.
Pipelines and pumps can also be used for horizontal transportation of commodities like oil, natural gas, water, etc.
II. Lifting and Lowering Devices:
These devices are suitable for vertical transportation of material. Cranes and Hoist are the common means of vertical movement. The equipment is able to move material vertically and laterally in a space of limited length, width and height.
If mounted on tractors, trucks, rail road, etc., they can also move from one location to the other. Some common equipment is a block and tackle, which and power hoist. Hoists are power-driven devices, often operated between fixed guide. This are similar to elevators but does not carry the operator on it.
III. Combination of Transporting and Lifting Devices:
Simplest of these are conveyors. It is a device which moves materials or people in either a vertical or horizontal direction between two fixed points, other categories can be escalators, pipes etc. These provide a fixed route travel and occupy a space continuously.
In conveyor system transportation is affected by friction between materials being transported and the belt. For horizontal transportation, friction may not be of any great consequence, but for a slope of any kind, it becomes more important.
IvyPanda . (2024) 'Material Handling Requirements'. 30 March.
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Bibliography
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Exemplar Essay On Manual Material Handling And Safe Lifting To Write After
Type of paper: Essay
Topic: Workplace , Human Resource Management , Work , Ergonomics , Ergonomic , Stations , Handling , Productivity
Published: 03/08/2023
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Introduction
Ergonomics can be described as designing stations that are fit for workers’ safety and efficiency. Ergonomic solutions at work stations make workers comfortable and increase their productivity. This is a review of the training resources and how ergonomics can be applied in work places to make workers more productive and avoid injuries.
This resource provides a detailed overview of the manual material handling with emphasis on how to minimize back injuries. It names height, travel path, weight of the load and balance as key elements for safe manual handling of loads. To manually handle loads, the responsibility of the worker is to ensure they are balanced and they can see the path of motion. This resource is ranked as the best because of its emphasis of how to practically handle loads safely at work detailing the process.
The finest Tools 1980 NIOSH
This video resource covers disorders of the wrist and hand such as carpal tunnel syndrome that result from hand stress when manually handling load. The resource, describes the tools and equipment should be chosen for specific tasks. The workers should take care of their hands to avoid arm twisting. It also discusses designing tools using ergonomics tool design measuring muscle exertion. The resource ranks below the other two for its overemphasis on ergonomic aspects of using one’s own hands in expense of other body parts that are also important in secure work places.
The ergonomics manual material handling – pushing and pulling tasks
This resource provides a detailed overview and analysis of issues around developing manual pushing and pulling equipment in industries. It gives a detailed focus on ergonomics in cart and wheel designs that allow greater flexibility in manufacturing facilities. It describes the how ergonomic parameters of body motions and visibility affects productivity of workers. It matches the ergonomic factors with pushing and pulling in equipment designs for less errors and wastes.
Application of ergonomics in work stations
Ergonomics is an important aspect for increasing the productivity of workers in a manufacturing industry. For human resources, award postures and extreme temperatures lead to musculoskeletal disorders hence lower productivity of the employees from pain, stress, frustration and fatigue. Ergonomics in organizations can be used to determine physical heights that will be reached by workers, equipment needed to perform work easier in the right posture, movement of workers and in transferring unfinished products across production lines.
Benefits of ergonomics in work places
An organization that uses ergonomics in work places significantly reduces costs associate with compensation to workers for injuries sustained while working, improves quality of the final products because of motivated workers, the employees become available and less turnover rates are experienced and it creates safety of workers in work stations.
Ergonomics use in work environment reduces physical risks that workers could be faced with when working. It’s an important aspect in designing work environments.
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Home — Essay Samples — Life — Workers — Lab Safety Guidelines: Ensuring Safe Handling and Storage of Materials
Lab Safety Guidelines: Ensuring Safe Handling and Storage of Materials
- Categories: Chemical Reaction Workers Workplace
About this sample
Words: 1451 |
Published: Mar 19, 2020
Words: 1451 | Pages: 3 | 8 min read
Table of contents
General lab safety rules and guidelines, 1. learn about emergency responses, 2. train before experimentation, 3. plan your work during normal working hours, 3. treat all chemicals in the lab as if they were toxic, 4. adhere to electrical safety guidelines, 5. laser use safety guidelines.
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Essay # 1. Concept of Material Handling: Material handling involves movements of material mechanically or manually in batches or one by one within the plant. Movement may be horizontal, vertical or a combination of the two. Design and operation of an efficient production plant requires a good and effective material handling system for moving ...
The material handling equipment industry is poised to reach a staggering $193 billion by 2030, underscoring the significant investments businesses are making to tackle these challenges. However, pouring money solely into costly equipment isn't the only route to success. Strategies and innovations such as ergonomics, standardization and ...
Material lifting requirements. Loads should always be lifted when the back of the operator is straightened; all heavy loads should be lifted from a squat position. Personnel should always avoid lifting loads that are heavy; in such a case the operator should call for assistance or employ the use of lifting machinery.
Materials Handling refers to the integrated activities of planning, execution, and monitoring of the movement and storage of materials and finished goods within a supply chain. It includes transportation, storage, security, packaging, and inventory control. The primary objectives of materials handling are to boost efficiency, minimize damage ...
Material handling is the movement, protection, storage and control of materials and products throughout manufacturing, warehousing, distribution, consumption and disposal. A process, material handling incorporates a wide range of manual, semi-automated and automated equipment and systems that support logistics and make the supply chain ...
Material handling involves short-distance movement within the confines of a building or between a building and a transportation vehicle. [1] It uses a wide range of manual, semi-automated, and automated equipment and includes consideration of the protection, storage, and control of materials throughout their manufacturing, warehousing ...
13.1. Material Handling Introduction Material Handling Definition Several definitions of Material(s) Handling exist. Materials Handling is defined in Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia as "The movement of raw materials, semi-finished goods, and finished articles through various stages of production and warehousing is called materials ...
Essays on Materials Handling. On this resource, we've put together a database of free paper samples regarding Materials Handling. The idea is to provide you with a sample close to your Materials Handling essay topic so that you could have a closer look at it in order to grasp a clear idea of what a brilliant academic work should look like.
agement as "Material Handling is the movement, storage, control and protection of material, goods, and products throughout the process of manufac. turing, distribution, consumption and disposal ...
25 18 6 1. Source; research findings 2018. Figure 5.2: Respondent's Responses on to identify factors that make the. From the responses on 'what are the factors that make the organization fail to adopt the effectiveness of material handling 72% says there is high rate, 24% says moderate and 4% low rate. That explains that there is high rate ...
Materials handling is intrinsically associated with production flow. Because of this, it has direct influence on transit time, resources usage, and service levels. The objective was to evaluate, in a systematic way, the challenges faced in material handling management at manufacturing industries. beverages,chemicals, machinery, transportation ...
This resource provides a detailed overview of the manual material handling with emphasis on how to minimize back injuries. It names height, travel path, weight of the load and balance as key elements for safe manual handling of loads. To manually handle loads, the responsibility of the worker is to ensure they are balanced and they can see the ...
There are four key aspects: 3 Types of Material Handling Equipment. 9. Life-cycle costs include capital investment, installation, setup and equip-ment programming, training, system testing and acceptance, operating (labor, utilities, etc.), maintenance and repair, reuse value, and ultimate disposal.
Abstract: Materials handling is an integral part of the materijals ow in logistics systems that. incorporates activities related to the physical supply of materials in an organization. Speci cally ...
Material Handling is the field concerned with solving the pragmatic problems involving the movement. Storage is a manufacturing plant or warehouse control and protection of materials, goods and products throughout the process of cleaning, preparation, manufacturing, distribution, consumption and disposal of all related materials.
Handling and storing materials involve diverse operations such as hoisting tons of steel with a crane; driving a truck loaded with concrete blocks; carrying bags or materials manually; and stacking palletized bricks or other materials such as drums, barrels, kegs, and lumber. The efficient handling and storing of materials are vital to industry.
If materials are to be stored on height, it is necessary to put a guard rails so people don't fall when stacking or collecting the materials. Keep the amount of materials on site to a minimum by planning the deliveries. Lifting and manual handling. Incorrect manual handling is one of the most common causes of work-related injury.
It is an automated material handling system, which moves along predefined and pre-programmed path along an aisle from one station to another. The main parts of an AGVS include structure; drive system, steering mechanism, power source (battery) and onboard computer for control. (Aized, 2006).
Material handling equipment is generally separated into four main categories: storage and handling equipment, engineered systems, industrial trucks, and bulk material handling. ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF A GOOD MATERIALS HANDLING SYSTEM (i) Efficient and safe movement of materials to the desired place. (ii) Timely movement of the materials when ...
MARCH 14, 2019. Wilko's packaging, labelling and destination sortation has been automated in a £3.5 The 110,000 sq ft facility is managed by Clipper Logistics and the project, carried out by AMH Material Handling, automates the operation for 85 per cent of online orders for home and store delivery. AMH has […].
Preston Brown, a graduate student at Texas Tech University was working on the highly energetic nickel hydrazine perchlorate (NHP) in early January 2010... read full [Essay Sample] for free
Material Handling is the field concerned with solving the pragmatic problems involving the movement, storage, control and protection of materials, goods and products throughout the processes of cleaning, preparation, manufacturing, distribution, consumption and disposal of all related materials, goods and their packaging. ... Write an Essay The ...