write a descriptive essay on the topic a local festival

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Crafting the Perfect Festival Essay: Step-by-Step Writing Guide

Table of Contents

Festivals are an integral part of every culture around the world. They are celebrated w it h great enthusiasm and fervor, bringing together people from all walks of life. Whether it’s a religious festival, a cultural celebration, or a simple get-together, festivals play a vital role in shaping our social fabric . But what makes a festival special? Is it the food, the decorations, the music, or something else altogether? In this essay, I will explore the various aspects of festivals and their significance in our lives.

How Do You Write a Festival Essay?

A festival is a time for celebration, joy, and revelry. It brings people together, creates a sense of unity and belonging, and provides an opportunity to express oneself through art, music, dance, and food. However, if you are tasked with writing an essay about a festival, how do you go about doing so? Here are some tips to help you write a compelling festival essay:

• Choose a topic: The first step in writing any essay is to choose a topic. When it comes to a festival essay, your topic should revolve around the theme of the festival, its history, its significance, or its impact on society. For example, you could write about the origins of Halloween, the evolution of Carnival, or the cultural significance of Diwali.
• Research thoroughly: Once you have chosen your topic, it’s essential to conduct thorough research. Read books, articles, and online resources to gain a deep understanding of the festival and its context. Talk to experts, attend festivals, and observe the rituals and practices associated with them. This will help you develop a rich and nuanced perspective on the subject matter .
• Develop a thesis statement: Your thesis statement should clearly state the main argument or point of your essay. For instance, “The festival of Holi symbolizes the triumph of good over evil and the victory of love over hate.” This statement sets the tone for the rest of your essay and helps guide your arguments.
• Outline your essay: An outline is a useful tool for organizing your thoughts and ensuring that your essay flows logically. Divide your essay into introductory, body, and concluding paragraphs. Each paragraph should focus on one aspect of the festival and build upon the information presented earlier.
• Use de script ive language: Festivals are sensory experiences, so it’s important to incorporate vivid descriptions of sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and textures into your essay. Use metaphors, similes, and other literary devices to create engaging imagery. For example, you might describe the colors of Holi as “a kaleidoscope of hues,” or the flavors of Indian cuisine as “a symphony of spices.”
• Provide historical context: Festivals often have a rich history, so don’t neglect to include details about their origins and evolution. Explain why certain customs and practices were adopted and how they have changed over time. This will add depth and complexity to your essay.
• Discuss the significance of the festival: Every festival has a purpose or meaning behind it. Explore this significance in your essay and explain how the festival reflects the values and beliefs of the culture it originates from. For example, you might discuss how the festival of Christmas represents the birth of Jesus Christ and the message of love and redemption he brought.
• Conclude with a thoughtful ending: Finally, sum up your main points and leave your readers with something to think about. End your essay with a thought-provoking quote, a personal reflection, or a call to action. For example, you might conclude by saying, “As we continue to face challenges in our globalized world, festivals offer us a chance to come together, find common ground, and celebrate our differences. Let us embrace the power of diversity and unite under the banner of love and respect.”

By following these steps, you can craft a compelling festival essay that explores the history, significance, and impact of a particular celebration. Remember to stay focused, use descriptive language, and provide historical context to make your essay stand out. Happy writing!

How Do You Research a Festival for an Essay?

Researching a festival for an essay involves gathering information from various sources to create a comprehensive overview of the event’s history, significance, and impact on society. Here are some steps to follow:

• Start with online search engines such as Google or Bing and look up articles related to the festival. Use specific keywords such as the name of the festival, its location, and any notable events or traditions it may include.
• Check out websites dedicated to cultural heritage, tourism boards, or local government pages for more information. These resources often provide valuable insights into the festival’s origins, evolution, and current practices.
• Consult books or academic papers published on the topic. Look for works by experts in the field who can offer in-depth analysis and historical context.
• Talk to people involved in organizing or participating in the festival. They can share their personal experiences and perspectives, which can add richness and depth to your understanding.
• Attend the festival if possible. Observing the event firsthand will give you a better sense of its atmosphere, rituals, and overall vibe. Take notes and ask questions to further inform your research.
• Keep track of your sources and references. Make sure to properly cite them in your essay to avoid plagiarism and maintain academic integrity.

Remember to approach your research with an open mind and be willing to learn. The more diverse your sources and perspectives, the stronger your essay will be.

What Are Some Tips for Writing a Festival Essay?

When writing a festival essay, here are some key tips to keep in mind:

• Choose a clear thesis statement that summarizes the main argument or point of your essay. This will help guide your writing and ensure coherence throughout.
• Organize your ideas logically. Consider starting with an introductory paragraph that provides background information and sets the stage for your discussion. Then, break down your essay into sections that address different aspects of the festival, such as its history, significance, or cultural importance.
• Provide concrete examples and evidence to support your arguments. Draw upon your research to illustrate how the festival has evolved over time, its role in shaping local culture, or its impact on community engagement.
• Analyze the festival within its broader social and cultural context. Examine how it reflects or challenges societal norms, values, or beliefs. This will help you develop a nuanced understanding of the festival’s meaning and relevance.
• Use descriptive language to bring the festival to life. Incorporate sensory details, quotes from participants, or vivid descriptions of performances or rituals to make your essay feel more immersive and engaging.
• Edit and revise your work carefully. Ensure that your sentences flow smoothly, your transitions are logical, and your conclusions are strong and thoughtful.

By following these guidelines, you can craft a compelling and well-structured festival essay that showcases your knowledge and critical thinking skills.

How Do You Structure a Festival Essay?

The structure of a festival essay typically includes an introduction, body, and conclusion. Here is a general outline to get you started:

Introduction (approx. 10% of total word count)

• Introduce the topic of the festival and its significance
• Provide background information or context
• Clearly state your thesis statement

Body (approx. 70% of total word count)

• Discuss the festival’s history and evolution
• Describe its cultural significance and symbolic meanings
• Explain its role in shaping local customs and traditions
• Highlight its impact on community engagement and participation
• Analyze the festival within its broader social and cultural context

Conclusion (approx. 20% of total word count)

• Summarize your main points
• Reiterate the significance of the festival
• Offer recommendations or suggestions for future research

Remember to adjust this structure based on your research and the requirements of your assignment. The most important thing is to present your ideas clearly and persuasively, while also demonstrating your mastery of the subject matter.

How Do You Write About the Cultural Significance of a Festival?

When it comes to writing about the cultural significance of a festival, there are several key points to consider. Firstly, it is important to understand the historical context of the festival and how it has evolved over time. This can involve conducting extensive research into the origins of the festival, its evolution through different eras, and any significant events or traditions that have shaped its development.

Additionally, it is essential to explore the role that the festival plays within the local community and how it brings people together. This could include discussing the ways in which the festival promotes social cohesion, celebrates cultural heritage, and provides opportunities for cultural exchange.

Finally, it is also important to examine the symbolism and meaning behind the festival’s rituals, customs, and practices, and how these contribute to its overall cultural significance. By taking a comprehensive approach to understanding the cultural significance of a festival, writer s can create engaging and informative pieces that highlight the importance of this unique aspect of culture.

What Are Some Festivals That Are Celebrated Worldwide?

There are many festivals that are celebrated worldwide, each with their own unique characteristics and meanings. Here are just a few examples:

• New Year’s Day (January 1st): Celebrated around the globe, this holiday marks the beginning of a new year and is often observed with fireworks, parties, and other festive activities.
• Christmas (December 25th): A religious holiday that commemorates the birth of Jesus Christ, Christmas is widely observed across the world and features gift-giving, decorations, and special meals.
• Diwali (various dates): A Hindu festival of lights that takes place in autumn, Diwali is celebrated throughout India and by Indian communities around the world. It involves lighting lamps, exchanging gifts, and eating traditional sweets.
• Chinese New Year (varies): A lunisolar holiday that falls between late January and mid-February, Chinese New Year is one of the most important holidays in the Chinese calendar. It is marked by parades, firework displays, and family gatherings.
• Ramadan (varies): The Islamic holy month of fasting, Ramadan is observed by Muslims around the world during daylight hours from dawn to sunset. It culminates in the festival of Eid al-Fitr, which marks the end of the fasting period.

These are just a few examples of the many festivals that are celebrated worldwide. Each one offers a unique insight into the diverse cultures and traditions that exist across our planet.

How Do You Write About the Environmental Impact of Festivals?

The environmental impact of festivals is an increasingly important topic, particularly as concerns about climate change and sustainability continue to grow. When writing about the environmental impact of festivals, it is important to take a balanced approach that acknowledges both the positive and negative aspects of these events.

On the one hand, festivals can bring people together, promote cultural heritage, and support local economies. On the other hand, they can also result in waste, pollution, and resource depletion. To address these issues, writers should focus on finding solutions that balance the needs of the event with those of the environment.

For example, organizing recycling programs, reducing energy consumption, and choosing eco-friendly vendors can help minimize the environmental impact of festivals while still allowing them to thrive. By presenting a nuanced view of the issue, writers can inspire readers to make more informed choices about their own involvement in festivals and advocate for greater sustainability in future events.

What Are Some Festivals That Have a Negative Impact on the Environment?

While many festivals have a positive impact on the environment, others may have unintended consequences that harm the natural world. Here are a few examples of festivals that have been criticized for their environmental impact:

• Burning Man (Black Rock City, Nevada): While Burning Man is known for its art installations and creative expression, it has faced criticism for its reliance on non-renewable energy sources, water usage, and waste management practices. In response, organizers have implemented measures such as renewable energy generation, water conservation initiatives, and expanded recycling efforts.
• Rio Carnival (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil): One of the largest and most famous carnival celebrations in the world, Rio Carnival generates massive amounts of waste, including plastic bottles, food scraps, and confetti. In recent years, city officials have taken steps to reduce waste and encourage sustainable practices among participants.
• Tomatina (Buenos Aires, Spain): During this annual tomato fight festival, thousands of kilograms of fresh tomatoes are thrown at each other, resulting in widespread damage to property and the environment. Organizers have since introduced measures to reduce waste and promote sustainability, such as composting and recycling programs.

By examining these cases and others like them, writers can identify areas where festivals may need improvement and offer suggestions for more sustainable practices. At the same time, they can emphasize the potential benefits of festivals for building community, fostering cultural exchange, and supporting local economies. By striking a balance between these competing interests, writers can help ensure that festivals remain vibrant and sustainable for generations to come.

What Are Some Festivals That Have a Positive Economic Impact?

There are many festivals around the world that not only bring communities together but also have a positive economic impact on local businesses and communities. Here are some examples of such festivals:

• The Tomatina Festival in Spain – This annual event attracts thousands of visitors who come to throw tomatoes at each other in a friendly game of slop fight. It has become a major tourist attraction and generates significant revenue for the local economy through hotel bookings, food sales, and souvenir purchases.
• The Burning Man Festival in Nevada – This week-long event is known for its art installations, music performances, and community-driven ethos. It has grown into one of the largest and most influential alternative events in the world, generating millions of dollars in revenue for local businesses and artists.
• The Rio Carnival in Brazil – This two-week celebration takes place before Lent and features elaborate costumes, parades, and street parties. It is considered one of the biggest tourist attractions in South America and brings in significant revenue from foreign visitors.

When writing about the economic impact of festivals, it’s important to include data and statistics to support claims. For example, you could mention the number of visitors, revenue generated, and job creation opportunities provided by the festival. Additionally, highlight any specific initiatives or programs put in place to ensure sustainability and environmental responsibility during the festival.

How Do You Write About the Social Impact of Festivals?

Festivals can have a profound social impact on communities, bringing people together and fostering a sense of belonging and connection. When writing about the social impact of festivals, consider including stories and anecdotes from individuals who have attended the festival and experienced this positive effect firsthand.

For example, you could interview locals who have been coming to the same festival every year since childhood and ask them how it has shaped their identity and sense of community. Alternatively, you could speak with visitors from different backgrounds and cultures who have come together at the festival to share experiences and form new connections.

It’s also important to acknowledge any potential negative aspects of festivals, such as overcrowding, noise pollution, and safety concerns. However, overall, the benefits of festivals far outweigh the drawbacks, making them an essential part of our cultural landscape.

What Are Some Festivals That Bring People Together?

Festivals are inherently designed to bring people together, whether it’s through shared traditions, music, dance, or food. Here are some examples of festivals that promote unity and inclusivity:

• The Kumbh Mela in India – This massive spiritual gathering takes place every 12 years and attracts tens of millions of pilgrims. It is a symbol of religious harmony and diversity, showcasing the richness of Indian culture and tradition.
• The Pride Parade in New York City – This annual event celebrates lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other marginalized identities, promoting acceptance and equality. It has become a global phenomenon, inspiring similar events across the globe.
• The World Food Day Festival in Italy – This culinary extravaganza celebrates the diversity of Italian cuisine while raising awareness about hunger and malnutrition. It brings together chefs, restaurateurs, and food enthusiasts from around the world, fostering cross-cultural exchange and understanding.

When writing about festivals that bring people together, focus on the ways in which they promote unity and inclusivity. Highlight the diverse participants, the shared values and beliefs, and the sense of community that arises from these events. Emphasize the importance of festivals in breaking down barriers and building bridges between different groups of people.

How Do You Write About the Personal Impact of a Festival?

The personal impact of a festival can vary greatly depending on individual experiences and perspectives. When writing about the personal impact of a festival, try to capture the emotional resonance and significance that it holds for those involved.

For example, you could describe the transformative power of a music festival that helped someone overcome addiction or find their passion in life. Or, you could recount the joy and nostalgia felt by someone returning to their hometown festival after years away.

To make your story more compelling, incorporate sensory details and vivid descriptions that evoke emotion. Use active voice and present tense to create a sense of immediacy and engagement. By sharing personal accounts, you can help readers connect with the festival on a deeper level and understand its lasting impact.

What Are Some Festivals That Have Impacted Your Life?

As a writer, I have had the privilege of experiencing many festivals throughout my travels. Each one has left an indelible mark on me, teaching me something new about myself and the world around me.

One of the most memorable was the Glastonbury Music Festival in England. As a young journalist, I covered the event for a national newspaper, and it was there that I discovered my love for live music and journalism. The energy and creativity of the festival inspired me to pursue a career in writing, and I continue to attend whenever possible.

Another pivotal festival was the Holi Festival in India. As a child, I had never seen anything like it – the colors, the laughter, the sheer exuberance of the crowd. It was a reminder that even in the midst of chaos and conflict , we can still find beauty and joy in the world.

These experiences have taught me the value of stepping outside my comfort zone and embracing new experiences. They have shown me that festivals are not just entertainment; they are opportunities to learn, grow, and connect with others. And they have given me a lifelong appreciation for the power of music, color, and community.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, festivals are a reflection of our values, beliefs, and traditions. They provide us with an opportunity to come together, share our joys and sorrows, and connect with each other on a deeper level.

Whether it’s a family gathering, a religious ceremony, or a public celebration, festivals remind us of the importance of community and togetherness. So let us embrace the spirit of festivals and make the most of these special moments in our lives.Consider reading >>>> How Do Film Markets Work? to learn more.

I am a highly experienced film and media person who has a great deal to offer to like-minded individuals. Currently working on several exciting projects, I am a film and media practitioner for over a decade. I have achieved a great deal of success in my professional career.

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Describe a Festival [IELTS Speaking Part 2]

Posted by David S. Wills | Sep 19, 2020 | IELTS Tips , Speaking | 0

In IELTS speaking, you might be asked to talk about festivals. This could occur in any of the three parts of the test, but today we will look at part two, and in particular a cue card that says “ describe an important festival in your country .”

In this lesson, I will show you how to analyse the cue card, think of ideas, structure your answer, pick the right vocabulary, and then I will give you my own sample answer to this question.

The Cue Card – Describe an Important Festival in your Country

First of all, let’s look at the cue card. It is important to note that it is impossible to predict cue cards, but we can look at old ones in order to understand what is required and what you might need to do in your next test.

Describe an important festival in your country. You should say: – what it is – what the significance of it is – how people celebrate this festival and describe why this is an important festival in your country.

This is the cue card that we will use today, but remember that there are others. It might say “describe an international festival” or “describe a festival from a foreign country.” You must read it carefully before answering.

Analyse the Cue Card

When you first look at a cue card like this, you need to pay attention to the first line and identify the most important words. Here, the most important word is “festival” and then the next most important are “important” and “your country.” These two give you the specific details.

But what does “festival” mean exactly?

The Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary gives two meanings. The first is related to putting on a performance:

a series of special events, performances, etc that often takes place over several days

The second is more traditional and religious:

a special day or period when people celebrate something, especially a religious event

As you can see, there are two aspects to consider. However, you just need to pick one thing and it should fall into either of these categories.

Here are some ideas:

This ppt was one that I used with my students when I taught at a university in China. 😄 Don’t you love recycling?

How to Generate Ideas for IELTS Speaking

Once you have understood the question, you should very quickly make a choice. This is because you have just one minute to plan your answer and you should talk for up to two minutes.

For me, I would choose the Edinburgh Festival , which is a big festival in my country, Scotland. I actually don’t know much about it because I have never been! However, it is the biggest and most famous one, so I think it would be possible to talk about it.

When it comes to generating ideas for IELTS , you should spend some time thinking carefully in the writing test… but speaking doesn’t afford such luxuries. You have to be quick. Once you have chosen, you need to think about what you will say. Partly this will be free-form when you start talking, but a little advanced planning can help you.

Making Notes

I always tell my IELTS students not to make many notes for speaking part 2. This is because you simply don’t have time to write much down. You should only write down a few significant words. For example, words you might want to remember, important ideas, the order of things you will discuss… These can all really help you to talk more easily.

I might write something like:

• hard to define
• biggest arts festival
• different venues
• unpleasantly crowded

These words mean little to most people but they could help me to structure my answer. I could also just follow the structure on the cue card, but sometimes that can result in a slightly unnatural order, with awkward transitions between different parts.

Remember: You are not actually required to talk about everything on the cue card. These are just ideas that you can include. However, I do think it’s a good idea to try and follow it as a loose guide.

Language for Describing Festivals

As I have said many times before, it’s a little difficult to teach certain vocabulary because your answer will totally change the required words. For example, I am going to talk about the Edinburgh Festival, which means I’ll talk about stand-up comedy, street performers, and people travelling from around the world to see this arts festival.

If you are talking about a religious festival, you might need to talk about worshippers, sacred objects, family traditions, beliefs, and whatnot. This would require very different language from my festival, which is secular.

However, it is important think about grammar. You will most likely talk in the present simple tense because this is what we use for general truths and repeated actions. This is the right tense for festivals:

• People travel from all over the world to see these performers.
• Families gather and pay their respects.
• It is normal to stay up all night and watch the sunrise.

Don’t forget that you can make these descriptions more vivid with the careful use of adjectives and adverbs. Picture a scene in your head and then use these descriptive words to bring out the details. Talk about:

All of this can bring more depth to your answer and show the examiner your range of vocabulary.

Sample Answer

Here’s how I would answer this cue card:

The most important festival in Scotland is the Edinburgh Festival, which is held each year in the summer months. It is actually quite a hard festival to define because it is an arts festival with no entry criteria, and it changes in length and content each year. However, I think this is apt because art should not be strictly defined and regulated. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland and this festival is its biggest event. In fact, it is the biggest arts festival in the world and the third biggest ticketed event on the planet, after the World Cup and the Olympics. This has brought great attention to Scotland and has been a huge contributor to the culture and economy of the country.   The festival is a collection of performances that take place in different venues across the city. These could be almost any style of art, but stand-up comedy is probably the most common one. You also see a lot of musicians, dancers, and other performers. People travel from all across the world to watch or participate, and many great performers used this platform to launch their career. As such, it is a very famous and respected festival. However, among local people it is actually considered a good time to leave the city as it can become unpleasantly crowded.

My answer here has mostly covered the topics on the cue card but I have tried to structure it a little more naturally. My language is quite simple, but I have used appropriate words and phrases.

Note my introductory phrase:

• The most important festival in ___  is ____, which is held each year in ___.

You could easily use this as a model for beginning this sort of answer, filling it in with the appropriate details for your chosen festival.

About The Author

David S. Wills

David S. Wills is the author of Scientologist! William S. Burroughs and the 'Weird Cult' and the founder/editor of Beatdom literary journal. He lives and works in rural Cambodia and loves to travel. He has worked as an IELTS tutor since 2010, has completed both TEFL and CELTA courses, and has a certificate from Cambridge for Teaching Writing. David has worked in many different countries, and for several years designed a writing course for the University of Worcester. In 2018, he wrote the popular IELTS handbook, Grammar for IELTS Writing and he has since written two other books about IELTS. His other IELTS website is called IELTS Teaching.

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Descriptive Essay: Cultural Festivals in Different Countries

Cultural festivals occur in every country of the world. Attending a festival from another culture is like putting that culture under a microscope, as when attending a festival, one often sees the fine and intricate components of that culture in vivid and vibrant detail. Let’s take a closer look at three different festivals in various parts of the world – Spring Festival in China, the San Fermin Festival in Spain, and Carnival in Brazil – by placing them under that microscope.

Otherwise known as Chinese New Year, Spring Festival is the most important festival celebrated by Han Chinese. Beginning on the eve of the lunar New Year, families travel near and far to get together for an enormous meal, accompanied by weeks-long fireworks. Spring Festival lasts for fifteen days, the first few of which are designated for visiting family, then extended family and, lastly, friends. Mandarin oranges are given as gifts of good fortune for the coming year. New clothes are purchased, and most wear red, as not only does this color symbolize good fortune, but the color comes into play in the Spring Festival story of the mythical monster, Nian, who is frightened away by loud noises, fire and the color red. Red lanterns are hung and red envelopes full of cash are given to the young by their elders. Drums are beaten to lion dances, and fireworks explode to scare away evil spirits with both the sound and the light. If visiting China, Spring Festival is a great cultural experience, full of delicious food, thrilling performances and splendid company.

The San Fermin Festival in Pamplona is home to the famed Running of the Bulls. Starting on July 6th, the festival lasts until midnight on July 14th. On the 7th, San Fermin’s statue is carried through Pamplona’s streets and the Running of the Bulls follows, reoccurring every morning of the festival week. During the running, six steers and six bulls are guided through the narrow streets of Pamplona by courageous (or incredibly stupid) runners to the Plaza de Toros, where the bulls will later take part in bullfights and be killed. Though the course is over 825 meters long, it lasts only three minutes, as hundreds of people race alongside the bulls, often incurring injury in the process. Over a dozen people have been killed over the years, and each year sees around 200 to 300 participants injured. Though this festival is quite a risky one, the Running of the Bulls is a sight to see…though perhaps not one to participate in.

Catholics worldwide celebrate Carnival, but it is the most famous holiday in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Marking the beginning of Lent, Carnival is celebrated 46 days before Easter and, being as such, is primarily driven by the Christian calendar. However, the week-long festival in Brazil combines Christian, Pagan and Brazilian traditions. Huge parades traipse through the streets, whilst music, dancing and partying sets the city alight with life. People dress up in bright clothes and costumes, eat and drink in excess, and enjoy general merriment. Carnival is a must if visiting any South American country in early-March.

Though we’ve but a brief glimpse through the microscope at Spring Festival, the San Fermin Festival, and Carnival, one might only see the fine and intricate components of these cultures by attending the festivals in the flesh.

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Describe a Traditional Celebration in Your Country - IELTS Speaking Cue Card Sample Answer

Describe a traditional celebration in your country..

You should say:

when it is held

how it is celebrated

and explain how you feel about this celebration.

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Model Answer 1

One of the most vibrant and heartwarming celebrations in my country is the Diwali festival, also known as the Festival of Lights. Diwali, an emblematic cultural festivity, typically falls between mid-October and mid-November, aligning with the Hindu lunar calendar. This festival, deeply rooted in mythological tales and cultural traditions, symbolizes the triumph of light over darkness and good over evil.

The celebration of Diwali is a spectacle of lights and colors. Streets and homes shimmer with the warm glow of diyas, which are small clay lamps, and vibrant rangolis—artistic patterns created on the floor using colored powders or flowers—adorn the entrances of houses, inviting prosperity and good fortune. The air is filled with the aroma of sumptuous foods and sweets, as families and friends gather to feast, share gifts, and enjoy fireworks that light up the night sky. The sound of crackers, laughter, and music makes the atmosphere electric and joyous.

Beyond the dazzle and merriment, Diwali holds a special place in my heart. It's a time of reflection, a moment to cherish the warmth of family and the joy of togetherness. The festival's emphasis on light conquering darkness resonates deeply with me, reminding us all to embrace the brighter side of life, to spread kindness and positivity. The unity and collective spirit of Diwali, where people of all ages and backgrounds come together in celebration, is particularly moving.

Experiencing Diwali is to witness a tapestry of cultural richness and communal harmony. It's a festival that transcends mere aesthetic delight, offering a profound sense of belonging and a reminder of our shared human values. The way Diwali brings people together, igniting hearts with joy and streets with lights, is truly a testament to its enduring charm and significance in our cultural heritage.

Why this is a High Scoring Answer

The provided sample answer for "Describe a traditional celebration in your country" is a high-scoring response for several reasons, each aligning with the IELTS Speaking test's assessment criteria.

1.    Fluency and Coherence: The response is exceptionally fluent and coherent. The narrative flows smoothly, transitioning seamlessly from one idea to the next. For example, the description starts by setting the context of Diwali, then moves on to detailing the festivities, and finally reflects on personal sentiments. This progression showcases an ability to articulate thoughts in a well-structured and logical manner, a key aspect of high-scoring responses.

2.    Lexical Resource: The vocabulary used is both varied and contextually appropriate, incorporating phrases like “emblematic cultural festivity,” “tapestry of cultural richness,” and “communal harmony.” These terms not only enrich the narrative but also demonstrate a wide lexical range, essential for scoring high in the IELTS Speaking section.

3.    Grammatical Range and Accuracy: The response exhibits a broad range of grammatical structures used accurately. Sentences vary in complexity, showcasing both compound and complex forms, which illustrates a strong grasp of English grammar. For instance, the use of clauses in sentences like “Diwali, an emblematic cultural festivity, typically falls between mid-October and mid-November” displays grammatical precision.

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Model Answer 2

In the tapestry of cultural celebrations that define my country, Thanksgiving stands out as a particularly cherished event. Held annually on the fourth Thursday of November, this festivity is deeply embedded in the history and traditions of the United States, symbolizing gratitude and familial bonds.

Thanksgiving is celebrated with a blend of age-old customs and modern practices. The centerpiece of this day is the Thanksgiving dinner, a sumptuous feast that brings families and friends together around the dining table. The traditional fare includes roasted turkey, a culinary icon of the celebration, accompanied by a variety of dishes like stuffing, cranberry sauce, mashed potatoes, and pumpkin pie. The aroma of these delicacies, rich and inviting, fills homes, evoking a sense of warmth and togetherness.

What makes Thanksgiving particularly meaningful to me is its emphasis on gratitude. It's a time to pause and reflect on the blessings of the past year, to appreciate the simple joys of life, and to acknowledge the love and support of those around us. This reflection often extends beyond the family circle, as many participate in community service, offering meals and support to those in need, embodying the spirit of giving and thankfulness.

Another vibrant aspect of Thanksgiving is the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, a spectacular event that captivates audiences with its massive floats, live performances, and the iconic giant helium balloons. This parade, a feast for the eyes, symbolizes the jubilant and communal nature of the holiday.

Thanksgiving, to me, is more than just a holiday; it's a heartfelt reminder of the power of gratitude and the importance of community. It's a day when the fast-paced rhythm of life slows down, allowing us to reconnect with our roots, cherish our loved ones, and embrace the simple, yet profound, act of giving thanks.

The provided response on Thanksgiving as a traditional celebration in the United States is an exemplary high-scoring answer for the IELTS Speaking test for several reasons.

1.    Comprehensive Coverage of the Topic: The response effectively addresses the topic, "Describe a traditional celebration in your country," by delving into various aspects of Thanksgiving. It not only describes what Thanksgiving is and when it is held but also paints a vivid picture of how it is celebrated and the personal feelings associated with it. This comprehensive coverage demonstrates the candidate's ability to understand and respond to the topic thoroughly.

2.    Rich and Varied Vocabulary: The response is replete with a rich array of vocabulary, effectively describing the nuances of Thanksgiving. Phrases like “culinary icon,” “vibrant aspect,” and “heartfelt reminder” exhibit a high level of language proficiency. This varied use of language helps in articulating complex ideas clearly and precisely, a key aspect in scoring high in the IELTS Speaking section.

3.    Cohesion and Coherence: The answer is well-structured, with a clear introduction, development of ideas, and a conclusion that ties back to the personal significance of the festival. The smooth transitions between points, such as moving from the description of the dinner to the broader significance of gratitude and community, demonstrate excellent cohesion and coherence.

4.    Personal Reflection and Engagement: The response goes beyond mere description by reflecting on the personal significance of Thanksgiving, making the answer engaging and thoughtful. This level of personal engagement shows the candidate's ability to use the language expressively and convincingly, an important criterion in the IELTS Speaking test.

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Model Answer 3

Among the myriad of cultural festivities that enrich my country, Holi, the Festival of Colors, holds a special place. Celebrated with zest across India in early spring, Holi is a vivid expression of joy and a celebration of the triumph of good over evil.

Holi is a festival that paints the streets and hearts of people with vibrant colors. It's traditionally observed over two days. The first evening, known as Holika Dahan, involves lighting bonfires to symbolize the burning away of evil spirits. The following day, the air is awash with a kaleidoscope of colors as people playfully throw colored powder and water at each other. This act, a hallmark of Holi, brings communities together, dissolving social barriers in a carnival of hues.

What resonates with me the most about Holi is its spirit of inclusivity and forgiveness. It's a time when old grievances are forgotten, and people embrace each other in a shared celebration. The festival's message of unity and renewal is profoundly inspiring, fostering a sense of belonging and togetherness among diverse groups.

Moreover, Holi is accompanied by the enjoyment of traditional sweets like gujiya and thandai, adding a flavor of indulgence to the festivities. The melodic rhythms of folk songs and dances further enliven the atmosphere, making Holi a multisensory experience.

To me, Holi is not just a festival; it's a vibrant testament to India's rich cultural tapestry. It's an occasion that transcends the mere act of throwing colors; it's about spreading love, joy, and peace. The festival's ability to bring people from all walks of life together, celebrating in a unified spirit, is a powerful reminder of the joy and beauty inherent in diversity.

This response to "Describe a traditional celebration in your country," focusing on Holi, the Festival of Colors, is an excellent example of a high-scoring answer in the IELTS Speaking section. Here's why:

1.    Detailed and Vivid Description: The answer provides a rich, detailed description of Holi. Phrases like "a kaleidoscope of colors" and "vibrant expression of joy" paint a vivid picture of the festival. This detailed imagery shows a strong command of language, essential for a high score.

2.    Cultural Depth and Personal Insight: The response delves into the cultural significance of Holi, discussing traditions like Holika Dahan and the communal throwing of colors. It also reflects on personal feelings about the festival's inclusivity and spirit of renewal. This depth of cultural understanding and personal reflection demonstrates the candidate's ability to think critically and express ideas clearly.

3.    Use of Advanced Vocabulary: The language used is varied and sophisticated. Terms such as "multisensory experience" and "vibrant testament" showcase a high level of vocabulary, crucial for scoring well in the lexical resource criterion.

4.    Coherence and Fluency: The answer flows logically from the introduction of the festival, through its celebration, to its personal and cultural significance. This coherent structure, combined with the fluid expression of ideas, ticks important boxes for the fluency and coherence assessment criteria.

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In the context of the IELTS Speaking test, it's crucial to engage in a conversational manner with the examiner. This response exemplifies how to effectively communicate ideas in a structured and engaging way, addressing all aspects of the given topic comprehensively and thoughtfully.

• IELTS Speaking Cue Card Answers

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Essay on My Favourite Festival

India is a diverse country with customs, rituals and languages changing every few kilometres. But, Diwali is a festival celebrated all over the country with grandeur. My favourite festival is Diwali. The Diwali festival commemorates Lord Rama's return to Ayodhya after 14 years of exile. Here are a few sample essays on “My Favourite Festival”.

100 Words Essay On My Favourite Festival

“Diwali” is a Hindu festival celebrated all over the world. It falls on the “new moon day” of Kartikeya month. It is believed that Lord Rama returned from exile along with his wife Sita and brother Lakshmana after defeating Ravana. The people of his kingdom celebrated his victory and homecoming with mirth and merriment. It signifies the victory of good over evil, light over darkness, and wit over ignorance.

Diwali preparations often start a month before the festival. People clean and decorate their houses. Schools and colleges usually close for the five-day festival. People wear new clothes and perform various rituals. Goddess Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth, is worshipped on this day. Diwali is a time to meet relatives and friends, distribute sweets, and share food. People also celebrate by burning crackers to celebrate Lord Rama’s return and welcome Goddess Lakshmi.

200 Words Essay On My Favourite Festival

My favourite festival is Diwali, also called Deepawali. Diwali is one of the most widely celebrated Indian festivals.

Story Of Diwali | Diwali marks the return of Lord Rama to Ayodhya, his home, after 14 years of exile. As per Hindu mythology, Rama was sent to exile along with his wife, Sita, by his father, King Dashratha, on the wish of his wife Kaikeyi. During the period of their exile, Sita was kidnapped by Ravana and taken to Lanka. Rama, along with his brother Lakshman, defeated Ravana and brought Sita back home.

The festival of Diwali, thus, commemorates the victory of Rama over Ravana, or good over evil. It is celebrated in October or November on new moon day. So, the absence of the moon is filled by lighting diyas and candles.

How It Is Celebrated | People buy new clothes, decorate their houses, and distribute gifts and sweets among friends and relatives. Rangolis are made and diyas are lit. Families and friends play cards with each other, cook delicious food and eat together. Goddess Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth, is worshipped on Diwali. It is a time of joy and glee, and also a chance for people living away from their families to reunite with them.

500 Words Essay On My Favourite Festival

Diwali is also called “Deepawali”. “Deep” literally translates to “Diyas” or little earthen lamps. So, the term Deepawali means an array of diyas put together. It is celebrated in the autumn season and falls in October or November. It symbolises the victory of good over evil. Diwali is a 5-day festival filled with joy, laughter, love and positivity.

Significance Of Diwali

In India, Diwali has been celebrated for the last 2500 years. This was first celebrated when Lord Rama returned to his kingdom Ayodhya after 14 years of exile. He was accompanied by his wife Sita and younger brother Lakshmana. There they together faced many challenges and difficulties.

Mythology says that Ravana tricked Sita and kidnapped her, taking her to Sri Lanka. Rama and Lakshmana along with others went to Lanka to save Sita. It is believed that they had to tread through a long and challenging journey. They had to fight a long and rigorous battle to defeat the ten-headed demon, Ravana. Hence, the festival of Diwali symbolises the victory of good over evil.

Traditions And Customs

People celebrate Diwali by lighting their houses, and decorating them with diyas and candles. Beautiful and intricate designs of rangoli are made at the entrances of homes. It is a time for people to get together with their families and friends, and make memories. On the day of Diwali, pooja is performed in the evening, followed by the lighting of fireworks. The 5-day festival starts with Naraka Chaturdashi and culminates with Bhai Dooj.

How I Celebrated Last Year

Last year, we celebrated Diwali at my native place. All my uncles, aunts and our family gathered at my grandparents’ house. We reached there a day before.

My grandfather distributed the tasks equally. Elders were assigned the cleaning of the house while we, kids, were asked to make rangolis and decorate the house.

Get Togethers | In the evening, we performed a pooja together and then went to the common space in the village where we met my grandparents’ neighbours. We all made merry as we exchanged sweets and had dinner together.

Visit To Orphange | I and my cousins slept with my grandparents in the living room. Our grandparents told us the stories of how they celebrated Diwali in olden times. The next day, we decided to go to an orphanage and donate clothes and food. We watched a newly- released movie together. On the third day, everybody was sad as it was time to return to routine.

We all had a great time. It was especially enlightening for my younger cousins since they experienced how it was to live in a joint family for the first time. The smile that emerged on their faces as they received gifts and cash from all the elders was worth a sight.

Things We Should Take Care Of

Needless to say, Diwali is a time of gaiety and celebration for a lot us. But keeping in mind certain things as we welcome the festival would ensure that the underprivileged and voiceless are also able to make joy during the festive time.

We should keep a check on the amount of crackers we burn since they pollute the environment. Also, it might be tough for people with any respiratory issues to cope. Crackers are also a threat to stray animals.

Instead of buying decorative items and household stuff imported from other countries, if we stick to buying domestically-manufactured items, small and medium businessmen will also be able to make the most of Diwali.

Helping the needy never harms. During the festival time, when the privileged lot is celebrating, they should also make an effort to share their happiness with those in need.

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Transportation Planner

A career as Transportation Planner requires technical application of science and technology in engineering, particularly the concepts, equipment and technologies involved in the production of products and services. In fields like land use, infrastructure review, ecological standards and street design, he or she considers issues of health, environment and performance. A Transportation Planner assigns resources for implementing and designing programmes. He or she is responsible for assessing needs, preparing plans and forecasts and compliance with regulations.

An expert in plumbing is aware of building regulations and safety standards and works to make sure these standards are upheld. Testing pipes for leakage using air pressure and other gauges, and also the ability to construct new pipe systems by cutting, fitting, measuring and threading pipes are some of the other more involved aspects of plumbing. Individuals in the plumber career path are self-employed or work for a small business employing less than ten people, though some might find working for larger entities or the government more desirable.

Construction Manager

Individuals who opt for a career as construction managers have a senior-level management role offered in construction firms. Responsibilities in the construction management career path are assigning tasks to workers, inspecting their work, and coordinating with other professionals including architects, subcontractors, and building services engineers.

Urban Planner

Urban Planning careers revolve around the idea of developing a plan to use the land optimally, without affecting the environment. Urban planning jobs are offered to those candidates who are skilled in making the right use of land to distribute the growing population, to create various communities. 

Urban planning careers come with the opportunity to make changes to the existing cities and towns. They identify various community needs and make short and long-term plans accordingly.

Highway Engineer

Highway Engineer Job Description:  A Highway Engineer is a civil engineer who specialises in planning and building thousands of miles of roads that support connectivity and allow transportation across the country. He or she ensures that traffic management schemes are effectively planned concerning economic sustainability and successful implementation.

Environmental Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as an environmental engineer are construction professionals who utilise the skills and knowledge of biology, soil science, chemistry and the concept of engineering to design and develop projects that serve as solutions to various environmental problems. 

Naval Architect

A Naval Architect is a professional who designs, produces and repairs safe and sea-worthy surfaces or underwater structures. A Naval Architect stays involved in creating and designing ships, ferries, submarines and yachts with implementation of various principles such as gravity, ideal hull form, buoyancy and stability. 

Orthotist and Prosthetist

Orthotists and Prosthetists are professionals who provide aid to patients with disabilities. They fix them to artificial limbs (prosthetics) and help them to regain stability. There are times when people lose their limbs in an accident. In some other occasions, they are born without a limb or orthopaedic impairment. Orthotists and prosthetists play a crucial role in their lives with fixing them to assistive devices and provide mobility.

Veterinary Doctor

Pathologist.

A career in pathology in India is filled with several responsibilities as it is a medical branch and affects human lives. The demand for pathologists has been increasing over the past few years as people are getting more aware of different diseases. Not only that, but an increase in population and lifestyle changes have also contributed to the increase in a pathologist’s demand. The pathology careers provide an extremely huge number of opportunities and if you want to be a part of the medical field you can consider being a pathologist. If you want to know more about a career in pathology in India then continue reading this article.

Speech Therapist

Gynaecologist.

Gynaecology can be defined as the study of the female body. The job outlook for gynaecology is excellent since there is evergreen demand for one because of their responsibility of dealing with not only women’s health but also fertility and pregnancy issues. Although most women prefer to have a women obstetrician gynaecologist as their doctor, men also explore a career as a gynaecologist and there are ample amounts of male doctors in the field who are gynaecologists and aid women during delivery and childbirth. 

An oncologist is a specialised doctor responsible for providing medical care to patients diagnosed with cancer. He or she uses several therapies to control the cancer and its effect on the human body such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and biopsy. An oncologist designs a treatment plan based on a pathology report after diagnosing the type of cancer and where it is spreading inside the body.

Audiologist

The audiologist career involves audiology professionals who are responsible to treat hearing loss and proactively preventing the relevant damage. Individuals who opt for a career as an audiologist use various testing strategies with the aim to determine if someone has a normal sensitivity to sounds or not. After the identification of hearing loss, a hearing doctor is required to determine which sections of the hearing are affected, to what extent they are affected, and where the wound causing the hearing loss is found. As soon as the hearing loss is identified, the patients are provided with recommendations for interventions and rehabilitation such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, and appropriate medical referrals. While audiology is a branch of science that studies and researches hearing, balance, and related disorders.

Hospital Administrator

The hospital Administrator is in charge of organising and supervising the daily operations of medical services and facilities. This organising includes managing of organisation’s staff and its members in service, budgets, service reports, departmental reporting and taking reminders of patient care and services.

For an individual who opts for a career as an actor, the primary responsibility is to completely speak to the character he or she is playing and to persuade the crowd that the character is genuine by connecting with them and bringing them into the story. This applies to significant roles and littler parts, as all roles join to make an effective creation. Here in this article, we will discuss how to become an actor in India, actor exams, actor salary in India, and actor jobs. 

Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats create and direct original routines for themselves, in addition to developing interpretations of existing routines. The work of circus acrobats can be seen in a variety of performance settings, including circus, reality shows, sports events like the Olympics, movies and commercials. Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats must be prepared to face rejections and intermittent periods of work. The creativity of acrobats may extend to other aspects of the performance. For example, acrobats in the circus may work with gym trainers, celebrities or collaborate with other professionals to enhance such performance elements as costume and or maybe at the teaching end of the career.

Video Game Designer

Career as a video game designer is filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. A video game designer is someone who is involved in the process of creating a game from day one. He or she is responsible for fulfilling duties like designing the character of the game, the several levels involved, plot, art and similar other elements. Individuals who opt for a career as a video game designer may also write the codes for the game using different programming languages.

Depending on the video game designer job description and experience they may also have to lead a team and do the early testing of the game in order to suggest changes and find loopholes.

Radio Jockey

Radio Jockey is an exciting, promising career and a great challenge for music lovers. If you are really interested in a career as radio jockey, then it is very important for an RJ to have an automatic, fun, and friendly personality. If you want to get a job done in this field, a strong command of the language and a good voice are always good things. Apart from this, in order to be a good radio jockey, you will also listen to good radio jockeys so that you can understand their style and later make your own by practicing.

A career as radio jockey has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. If you want to know more about a career as radio jockey, and how to become a radio jockey then continue reading the article.

Choreographer

The word “choreography" actually comes from Greek words that mean “dance writing." Individuals who opt for a career as a choreographer create and direct original dances, in addition to developing interpretations of existing dances. A Choreographer dances and utilises his or her creativity in other aspects of dance performance. For example, he or she may work with the music director to select music or collaborate with other famous choreographers to enhance such performance elements as lighting, costume and set design.

Videographer

Multimedia specialist.

A multimedia specialist is a media professional who creates, audio, videos, graphic image files, computer animations for multimedia applications. He or she is responsible for planning, producing, and maintaining websites and applications. 

Social Media Manager

A career as social media manager involves implementing the company’s or brand’s marketing plan across all social media channels. Social media managers help in building or improving a brand’s or a company’s website traffic, build brand awareness, create and implement marketing and brand strategy. Social media managers are key to important social communication as well.

Copy Writer

In a career as a copywriter, one has to consult with the client and understand the brief well. A career as a copywriter has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. Several new mediums of advertising are opening therefore making it a lucrative career choice. Students can pursue various copywriter courses such as Journalism , Advertising , Marketing Management . Here, we have discussed how to become a freelance copywriter, copywriter career path, how to become a copywriter in India, and copywriting career outlook. 

Careers in journalism are filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. One cannot afford to miss out on the details. As it is the small details that provide insights into a story. Depending on those insights a journalist goes about writing a news article. A journalism career can be stressful at times but if you are someone who is passionate about it then it is the right choice for you. If you want to know more about the media field and journalist career then continue reading this article.

For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.

In a career as a vlogger, one generally works for himself or herself. However, once an individual has gained viewership there are several brands and companies that approach them for paid collaboration. It is one of those fields where an individual can earn well while following his or her passion. 

Ever since internet costs got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, a career as a vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the Vlogger eligibility, roles and responsibilities then continue reading the article. 

Individuals in the editor career path is an unsung hero of the news industry who polishes the language of the news stories provided by stringers, reporters, copywriters and content writers and also news agencies. Individuals who opt for a career as an editor make it more persuasive, concise and clear for readers. In this article, we will discuss the details of the editor's career path such as how to become an editor in India, editor salary in India and editor skills and qualities.

Linguistic meaning is related to language or Linguistics which is the study of languages. A career as a linguistic meaning, a profession that is based on the scientific study of language, and it's a very broad field with many specialities. Famous linguists work in academia, researching and teaching different areas of language, such as phonetics (sounds), syntax (word order) and semantics (meaning). 

Other researchers focus on specialities like computational linguistics, which seeks to better match human and computer language capacities, or applied linguistics, which is concerned with improving language education. Still, others work as language experts for the government, advertising companies, dictionary publishers and various other private enterprises. Some might work from home as freelance linguists. Philologist, phonologist, and dialectician are some of Linguist synonym. Linguists can study French , German , Italian . 

Public Relation Executive

Travel journalist.

The career of a travel journalist is full of passion, excitement and responsibility. Journalism as a career could be challenging at times, but if you're someone who has been genuinely enthusiastic about all this, then it is the best decision for you. Travel journalism jobs are all about insightful, artfully written, informative narratives designed to cover the travel industry. Travel Journalist is someone who explores, gathers and presents information as a news article.

Quality Controller

A quality controller plays a crucial role in an organisation. He or she is responsible for performing quality checks on manufactured products. He or she identifies the defects in a product and rejects the product. 

A quality controller records detailed information about products with defects and sends it to the supervisor or plant manager to take necessary actions to improve the production process.

Production Manager

Merchandiser.

A QA Lead is in charge of the QA Team. The role of QA Lead comes with the responsibility of assessing services and products in order to determine that he or she meets the quality standards. He or she develops, implements and manages test plans. 

Metallurgical Engineer

A metallurgical engineer is a professional who studies and produces materials that bring power to our world. He or she extracts metals from ores and rocks and transforms them into alloys, high-purity metals and other materials used in developing infrastructure, transportation and healthcare equipment. 

Azure Administrator

An Azure Administrator is a professional responsible for implementing, monitoring, and maintaining Azure Solutions. He or she manages cloud infrastructure service instances and various cloud servers as well as sets up public and private cloud systems. 

AWS Solution Architect

An AWS Solution Architect is someone who specializes in developing and implementing cloud computing systems. He or she has a good understanding of the various aspects of cloud computing and can confidently deploy and manage their systems. He or she troubleshoots the issues and evaluates the risk from the third party. 

Computer Programmer

Careers in computer programming primarily refer to the systematic act of writing code and moreover include wider computer science areas. The word 'programmer' or 'coder' has entered into practice with the growing number of newly self-taught tech enthusiasts. Computer programming careers involve the use of designs created by software developers and engineers and transforming them into commands that can be implemented by computers. These commands result in regular usage of social media sites, word-processing applications and browsers.

ITSM Manager

Information security manager.

Individuals in the information security manager career path involves in overseeing and controlling all aspects of computer security. The IT security manager job description includes planning and carrying out security measures to protect the business data and information from corruption, theft, unauthorised access, and deliberate attack 

Business Intelligence Developer

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Descriptive Essay

Descriptive Essay Writing

Last updated on: Feb 9, 2023

How To Write An Impactful Descriptive Essay?

By: Cathy A.

12 min read

Reviewed By: Melisa C.

Published on: Dec 17, 2019

Wondering how to write an impressive descriptive essay? Writing a descriptive essay is both fun and challenging. You need to describe the main topic in detail and by engaging the five senses of the readers.

Students usually get this type of essay in high school and college. Writing a descriptive essay is different from other essays.

You need to focus on describing a certain person, place, or event.

Luckily for you, the following blog post will provide some helpful tips on how to create an engaging essay.

Continue reading to learn how to write an A-worthy descriptive essay.

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What is a Descriptive Essay?

A descriptive essay is a detailed paper that describes a place, person, situation, object, or emotion. Different people have different points of view and your job is to explain yours in detail.

You may be asked to write a descriptive essay about the beach or forest or about a person or situation. The purpose of this essay is to test the writer’s ability in expressing and explaining their experiences.

Descriptive writing should create a picture in the reader’s mind. You may be required to write a descriptive essay as a high school or college essay assignment.

For a compelling essay, using adjectives and adverbs, details, and figurative language is fundamental. Without proper usage of words, you will not be able to invoke the readers' emotions.

What is the Purpose of a Descriptive Essay?

The purpose of a descriptive essay is to describe a person, place, or personal experience in vivid detail so that the reader can create a picture in his mind.

The descriptive essay is written to get the reader to understand by using descriptive language. It is different from narrative essays, where the writer tells the story about someone else. Usually, it starts with a real-life event and then the content follows the author's imagination.

Descriptive essays are not intended to persuade the reader or show facts and figures to prove something. Descriptive essays are like word paintings that contain personal and descriptive details and these are mostly assigned to students of creative writing.

How to Start a Descriptive Essay

A strong start for your descriptive essay is essential. Analyze your topic from every angle and document the following details:

Analyze the main subjects in detail and observe minute things.

• Start with observing all the possible aspects of the subject.
• Don't just observe the object but also its surroundings.
• Focus on details and features of the subject and develop opinions about them.
• Be thoughtful; this first step will be the basis for the essay.

Physical Settings

Describing the physical settings is a must in a descriptive essay. When describing, keep the following points in mind.

• Focus on the subject's position and observe nearby objects
• Note the time of day and kind of lighting: natural or imitated
• Physical settings: all the basic and decorative elements
• The position and shape of the objects
• Alignment and any other observable information

Physical Features

When describing the physical features of the subject, living or nonliving, consider the following points.

• Living or nonliving; describe the features in detail
• The subject's skin color, texture, smoothness, expression, and age
• The features of inanimate objects in the picture, color, surface, and texture

Create Drama

Storytelling and drama are the life and blood of a good descriptive essay. It turns your essay into an exciting and interesting piece of writing. However, be subtle about adding drama to your sentence structure and add it to complement your story only.

Focus On Your Feelings

Focus on how you feel about the particular topic or person and stick to it. It is easy to get involved when working on the essay. But, focus on your own feelings and write an essay based on them.

Use Of Specific Vocabulary

Vocabulary is important. Select the best words for describing an action or object. Don't always use the first word that comes to mind.

Write slowly and thoughtfully, and use specific words to convey your thoughts.

Psychological Aspects

Writing about a certain situation or behavior of a person focuses on the mental aspects and emotions involved in them.

For Example, describe your emotions when your friend misplaced your notes right before the exam.

You may have had several emotions in that incident. Maybe you were prepared for exams, but this situation put you under pressure and made you feel frustrated and hurt.

Explore those emotions and describe the feelings they aroused. Describe the body language also, if relevant.

Ask Yourself, WHY?

This is the most valuable tip for students. When you are looking at a particular subject, and having difficulty analyzing its aspects, ask yourself "WHY".

• Why is the subject the way it is?
• Why does the person you are describing have such a deep-set and cold eyes?
• Why is the animal so wounded and terrified?
• Why is this particular place famous?

It is a good practice and after some time you will do it naturally. Knowing the why is important if you want to describe your topic properly.

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How To Write A Descriptive Essay?

When you write a descriptive essay, you help your readers visualize an event, a person, or a story. It is written to make your readers feel what you feel about the respective subject.

A descriptive essay seeks to appeal to some or all of the audience’s five senses. Some key things to consider are:

• Discussing your subject thoroughly
• Focusing on details and adding them in your essay
• Sharing your personal feelings and experience about the subject
• Observing and describing all sensory details of your subject

Here are the steps to write a descriptive essay easily.

1- Choose an Engaging and Focused Essay Topic

An important step that all strong descriptive essays share is having a focused topic. Before you make the outline, identify the purpose of your essay and use it to create an appropriate thesis statement.This type of paper does not require much personal opinion from you. Its main goal should be focusing on information that will make a dominant impression in readers' minds instead.

2- Research and Gather Important Details

When writing a descriptive essay, it is important to make sure you include as many details and sensory information as possible. This helps your reader fully understand the images that are being presented in their mind's eye.You can organize these ideas into categories so they're easy for you to access when needed.

3- Create an Outline of Your Essay

Your essays must be organized by having subheadings that are clear and concise. Group your main points into individual body paragraphs, each of which should only cover one idea or topic at a time.

4- Write your Essay’s Introduction

A good introductory paragraph is much like a road map because it provides direction to your readers.

It provides relevant background information before diving into more specific details related to how something works or why something happens. These could include statistics or stories from real-life scenarios.

5- Write the Main Body Section of Your Essay

Each body paragraph should start with a topic sentence that keeps the reader hooked on what you are saying. Use specific details instead of making generalized statements, and make sure to give examples if necessary.

6- End with a Strong Conclusion

The conclusion of an essay is the final paragraph, and it should summarize all that you have said throughout. It's a good idea to restate the main points and key details from the essay in this section.

It is important so the reader has everything they need for better understanding before ending off on something new.

If necessary be sure not to introduce anything odd or unusual, to avoid any confusion.

7- Proofread and Revise the Essay Carefully

Once you are done writing the essay, proofread and revise it carefully. Make sure that it is free from all kinds of errors.

Descriptive Essay Outline

Like all the other essays, a descriptive essay also follows the usual 5-paragraph essay structure and format.Before starting, it is important to create an outline. Following are the fundamental elements of your descriptive essay outline:

Descriptive Essay Introduction

The introduction sets the footing for the entire essay. Before heading towards the body section, the reader will come across the introduction.

It is the first impression of your work. It is very important to write an engaging introduction so that the readers read the essay till the end.

Start the essay in an easy-to-understand way and language. Provide background information on your topic so they can understand it and its importance.

To make sure the reader feels your emotions and decides to continue reading further, incorporate the following points in your introduction.

The following tips will guide you on how to write a good introduction for a descriptive essay.

• Attract the reader's attention with an interesting fact, phrase, or quote
• Don't bombard them with information
• Go straight to the main pointsInclude enough information to introduce the topic and its significance.
• Summarize the argument and the main topic and craft your thesis statement

Descriptive Essay Thesis Statement

A thesis statement is an integral part of your essay. It focuses on the argument and the writer’s main idea, which is to be discussed in the essay.

This statement also provides the writer with a chance of explaining the purpose and scope of the topic. It is intriguing and engaging.

A thesis statement is written at the end of the introduction, it is mainly a single sentence that describes the essay objective. The thesis statement should act as a guide to the reader on what to expect in the essay body. It is like a table of contents of a book, to the reader on contents you will get an idea of what the book is all about so you get to understand it better.

It is like a table of contents of a book. By reading it, you will get an idea of what the book is all about.

A good thesis should contain the following things:

• Define the essay scope - it should narrow down all the points to clarify its purpose.
• Avoid using common words - you should be creative with your choice of words.
• Create suspense - it should attract the reader to the body paragraphs of the essay.

For further information on how to write a thesis for a descriptive essay, check out the following examples.

• Descriptive essay example about a Place

“Even though monarchy is long gone, Buckingham Palace is here to remind us of the aesthetic beauty of that era.”

• Descriptive essay example about a Person

“One of the characteristics of Spider-Man is his youthfulness, and the fact that he talks to himself more than Hamlet.”

• Descriptive essay example about an Emotion

“For numerous reasons, the dark forest is my greatest fear, though not a fear which is necessarily smart to face.”

Descriptive Essay Body Paragraphs

Body paragraphs of the essay come next after the introduction and thesis statement. It is the main part that continues your essay.

Usually, an essay consists of three body paragraphs but you can add more if needed.

Don't add more than one central idea in one paragraph. Fusing different ideas will confuse the reader.

Build your paragraphs according to the thesis and introduction.

• Start each body paragraph with the main sentence
• Use transitions to move between paragraphs smoothly
• Each paragraph should be five to six sentences long

Descriptive Essay Conclusion

The concluding paragraph is the last part of an essay, and probably your last chance to impress your reader.

The last part that the reader can keep in mind is the conclusion, which is as important as the rest of the essay.

To make it interesting and thought-provoking, include the following points:

• Restate the thesis statement
• Summarize the main points
• Add an intriguing closing statement

After writing the conclusion, make a review of your essay, identify the mistakes and maintain a good tone throughout the essay.

Descriptive Essay Format Sample

Here is the descriptive essay format to help you understand how you can write a winning descriptive essay.

DESCRIPTIVE ESSAY FORMAT (PDF)

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Descriptive Essay Topics Ideas

Descriptive essay topics are often related to physical settings, locations, living beings, and objects.

Make sure that your essay includes the five senses, touch, taste, smell, sight, hearing, or at least one of them. It depends on the topic and the kind of feeling that you want to arouse.

Below are some descriptive essay ideas and ways to achieve them.

Living Beings

When you want to write about a person like a family member, consider the following elements:

• Gender, age, complexion, and expressions
• Physical features
• Height, body type, and approximate weight
• Kind of clothes

These details will add depth to the description and your readers will actually see your narrative.

When animals are the subject, you can add the above points plus the following details:

• Species and animal
• Size, weight, color
• Behavior patterns
• Temperament
• Trained or wild?
• Real or fictional?

Inanimate Subjects

Geographic locations and structures.

When your subject is a place or a building, add the following points:

• Research about the place and its historical background
• The color and the building's type
• A famous place or landmark to draw a comparison and inspire interest

Human behavior and psychology is a compelling descriptive essay subject. When writing about it:

• Describe the consequences of a particular behavior
• Discuss the emotional dimension of the topic and how you perceive it personally

Event Or Travel Experience

A travel experience makes a good descriptive essay since you have experienced the event first hand.

Give a detailed description of the place, people at the venue, and the atmosphere of the location.

Idea, Concept, or Occupation

When writing on such topics, focus on how an idea or concept affects society and its different aspects.

Example Descriptive Essay Topics for Students

Choosing a topic for your descriptive essay is quite interesting. You get to choose something that you have an emotional connection with.

When writing a descriptive essay about a person or place, adding their personal traits will be helpful.

Some examples of descriptive essay topics include:

• Compose a detailed descriptive essay about your best friend.
• Describe a fancy place that you have created.
• Describe your dream vacation destination.
• Describe your favorite mall or store.
• Describe your childhood home.
• Descriptive essay about nature.
• Descriptive essay about a place you visited.
• Describe the personality of your Maths teacher.
• Discuss the main characters of your favorite movie.
• Descriptive essay about chocolate.
• Write an essay using unique Words to describe yourself.
• What makes me unique?
• My first love.

Descriptive Essay Examples

Study these descriptive essay examples and sample papers to understand the main idea, structure, and purpose of descriptive essays.

DESCRIPTIVE ESSAY ON MARKET (PDF)

DESCRIPTIVE ESSAY EXAMPLE PERSON (PDF)

To help you understand how to write a great descriptive essay, we have a whole blog post dedicated to it. We know that talking about something is one thing and demonstrating it is completely different.

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5StarEssays.com academic writing professionals are ready to help you. They read the essay details before writing and make sure that they incorporate all the details in it.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the features of a descriptive essay.

A descriptive essay provides a perfect opportunity for writers to express their feelings on any subject. Descriptive writing has rich sensory details which appeal to all of your senses.

How do you start a descriptive essay introduction?

The introduction to the descriptive essay should set the scene and introduce the main topic. You can use these sensory details to get a sense of what the essay is all about.

What are the two types of descriptive essays?

There are two types of descriptive essays. The first type deals with people, and the second one is about objects.

What are the elements of a descriptive essay?

Here are the key elements of a descriptive essay.

• Sensory details
• Figurative language
• Central and main theme
• Precise and clear language
• Proper organization of ideas

What makes good descriptive writing?

Good and effective descriptive writing consists of vivid sensory details that appeal to all senses including the sense of sight, smell, touch, hearing, and taste. Moreover, these essays also explain people’s feelings in writing.

Finance Essay, Literature

Cathy has been been working as an author on our platform for over five years now. She has a Masters degree in mass communication and is well-versed in the art of writing. Cathy is a professional who takes her work seriously and is widely appreciated by clients for her excellent writing skills.

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• Festivals Of India Essay

Festivals of India Essay

500+ words essay on the festivals of india.

India is a land of fairs and festivals. People of different religions and communities live here and therefore, many festivals are celebrated in India every year. One can capture the Indian tradition and culture best at its fairs and festivals marked by dance, music, sweets, etc. All the festivals are celebrated with great enthusiasm and happiness in a colourful atmosphere. An Essay on Festivals in India is a very common topic and is expected to be asked in the English exam. So, students are recommended to practise essays on this topic to score high marks in the writing section. This sample Essay on Festivals of India will give them some ideas and tips to organise their thoughts to form an effective essay.

Different Types of Indian Festivals

India is well known for its cultural and traditional festivals all over the world. As it is a secular country full of diversity in religions, languages, cultures and castes, every month, some festival celebration happens. Among these festivals, some are religious, some are based on the seasons and some are of national importance. Each and every festival is celebrated uniquely in different ways according to the various rituals and beliefs. Each festival has its own history, legend and significance of the celebration. Festivals bring bonding, love, cross-cultural exchange and happiness among people.

National Festivals

Festivals and fairs are significant parts of Indian cultural life. Some of the festivals are celebrated at a national level, whereas others are at a regional level. National festivals such as Gandhi Jayanti, Independence Day and Republic Day are celebrated by people of all religions across the entire nation. These festivals fill us with great pride and remind us of the freedom fighters who sacrificed their lives to make India independent and free from British rule. The whole nation unites together to celebrate these festivals and the spirit of togetherness, patriotism and nationalism can be found everywhere.

Religious Festivals

There are some religious festivals which are celebrated as a whole by different communities.

These include Diwali, Dussehra, Rakhsha Bandhan, Eid-ul-Fitr, Eid-ul-Zuha, Christmas, Ganesh Chaturthi, etc., which are accompanied by religious rituals of one kind or the other. These traditional festivals have two aspects. One is worship which is performed according to specific religious norms. Another is composite culture, as the members of any community can participate in and celebrate these religious festivals. Thus, our festivals represent unity and encourage social bonding.

Seasonal Festivals

In India, most festivals are seasonal in nature. They announce the change in the season and mark the harvesting seasons. All the seasonal festivals are celebrated during two harvesting seasons, Kharif and Rabi. Besides, spring is another period of seasonal festivals. In Punjab, the Lohri festival indicates the harvesting of the winter crop. Pongal, Bihu and Onam celebrations mark the harvesting of paddy crops. Similarly, Holi and Baisakhi are celebrated to mark the harvesting of new rabi crops. Thus, these festivals symbolise the arrival of joy and wealth to farmers’ lives.

It is said that the “Greatness of a culture can be found in its festivals”. India has proved this saying as a variety of festivals are celebrated with full joy and happiness across the country. Different cultures and religions get tied together in bonds of love with invisible threads of celebrations. That’s why India is also known for unity in cultural diversity. Festivals teach us how to fight evil and falsehood and establish the truth. The festivals are marked by fervour, hope, and prayers for a better tomorrow.

Keep learning and stay tuned with BYJU’S for the latest updates on CBSE/ICSE/State Board/Competitive Exams. Also, download the BYJU’S App for interactive study videos.

Frequently Asked Questions on Festivals of India Essay

Why are festivals given so much importance in india.

India has several religions and Indians enjoy celebrating these festivals. Festivals also involve the worship of various deities and also increase the interaction between family members.

What are some of the largely celebrated festivals in India?

Some of the festivals celebrated in India: 1. Diwali 2. Christmas 3. Ramzan 4. Ganesh Chaturthi 5. Dussehra/Vijayadashami

What are some of the values associated with the celebration of festivals?

1. Family bonding and interaction 2. Charity and helping the needy 3. Thanksgiving and showing gratitude

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How to Write a Descriptive Essay

Working on a descriptive essay is like handing your reader a pair of magical glasses – it allows them to see, feel, and experience what you're describing. It's not just about listing facts – it's about immersing your reader in a sensory adventure. Fun fact: Studies show that our brains respond to vivid imagery as if we're actually experiencing the described scene. So, by painting a detailed picture with your words, you're not just telling a story – you're triggering a sensory response in your reader's brain, making the whole experience more memorable and engaging. It's like turning your essay into a mini-vacation for your reader's mind. In this article, students who haven’t delegated their tasks to essay writers yet will find a detailed explanation of descriptive writing with the definition, tips, and examples. Stay tuned!

What Is a Descriptive Essay

A descriptive essay is a form of writing that employs vivid language and sensory details to create a vivid picture or experience for the reader. Unlike other types of essays that may focus on analyzing, persuading, or narrating, the primary goal of this type of an essay is to paint a compelling and detailed picture in the reader's mind. It often involves the writer using descriptive words, metaphors, and other literary devices to convey a sensory experience, allowing the reader to visualize, feel, hear, smell, and taste what is being described. The purpose is to evoke a strong emotional response and engage the reader's imagination, making them feel like they are part of the depicted scene or moment.

In a descriptive essay, the writer carefully selects and organizes details to convey a specific impression or mood. The subject matter can range from a personal experience to observing a place, event, or object. The effectiveness lies in the writer's ability to create a vivid and immersive experience, enabling the reader to connect with the described subject on a deeper level. Ultimately, a well-executed descriptive essay leaves a lasting impression by bringing words to life and making the reader experience the depicted elements in a tangible and memorable way. You can also consult a reflection paper example for additional writing hints.

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Description vs. Descriptive Essay

Description and descriptive essays are related concepts, but they differ in scope and form. Description is a broader term that refers to the act of detailing the characteristics or features of something, someone, or a specific situation. It can be a component of various types of writing, not limited to essays. Description can be found in narratives, expository writing, and even technical or scientific writing, where clarity and precision in detailing are crucial. In essence, description is a tool used in writing to enhance understanding and create a vivid mental image.

On the other hand, a descriptive essay is a specific genre of writing that focuses entirely on painting a comprehensive and detailed picture using descriptive language. It is a more concentrated form of expression, where the writer's primary objective is to engage the reader's senses and emotions. Our custom writers suggest that a descriptive essay typically centers around a particular theme, experience, or subject, and it employs vivid imagery, figurative language, and sensory details to create a captivating narrative. Unlike a simple description, a descriptive essay has a more structured and narrative-oriented format, often with an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.

What to Describe in Your Essay

In a descriptive essay, you have the opportunity to portray a particular subject vividly, and the key is to engage the reader's senses and imagination. Here are some ideas on what you can describe:

• Scenic Locations. Transport your reader to a specific place – a serene beach, a bustling city street, a lush forest, or an ancient castle. Describe the sights, sounds, smells, and feelings associated with that location.
• Memorable Experiences. Share a personal experience that left a lasting impression on you. It could be a significant event, a life-changing moment, or even a routine activity that holds special meaning.
• People. Describe a person who has had a profound impact on your life or someone you find intriguing. Focus not only on their physical appearance but also on their personality, quirks, and the emotions they evoke.
• Objects. Choose a specific object, whether it's a cherished possession, a historical artifact, or something mundane yet interesting. Explore its significance and how it makes you feel.
• Seasons and Weather. Capture the essence of a particular season or weather condition. Whether it's the warmth of a summer day, the crispness of autumn, or the sound of raindrops on a window – make the reader feel the atmosphere.
• Animals or Pets. Bring to life a beloved pet or an encounter with a fascinating animal. Describe their appearance, behavior, and the emotions they evoke in you.
• Cultural Events. Attend a cultural event, festival, or celebration, and describe the vibrant colors, sounds, and traditions. Explore how these events make you feel and their cultural significance.
• Art and Creativity. Choose a piece of art, a sculpture, or a creative work that captivates you. Dive into the details, uncovering the emotions it evokes and its impact on your perception.

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Two Approaches to Writing a Descriptive Essay

There are generally two primary approaches to writing a descriptive essay, each emphasizing a different aspect of the subject. These approaches help shape the overall tone and purpose of the essay:

Objective Approach. In the objective approach, the writer strives to provide a detailed and accurate portrayal of the subject without injecting personal emotions or opinions. This method is often employed in academic and technical writing. The focus is on presenting an unbiased, factual description that allows readers to form their own opinions. For example, if describing a historical monument, the writer would focus on architectural details, historical context, and other observable features without interjecting personal feelings.

Subjective Approach. Conversely, the subjective approach encourages the writer to infuse personal experiences, emotions, and opinions into the description. This approach is often used in creative writing, personal narratives, or essays that aim to evoke specific emotions in the reader. When using a subjective approach, the writer might vividly describe how the subject makes them feel, drawing on personal memories and sensory experiences. For instance, if describing a favorite childhood place, the writer might delve into nostalgic emotions and memories associated with that location.

The choice between these approaches depends on the writer's goals and the intended impact on the reader. Some essays may even blend elements of both approaches, providing factual details while also conveying the writer's emotional connection to the subject. The key is to be intentional in choosing the approach that best serves the purpose of the descriptive essay. Or, you can buy cheap essay to avoid the trouble now and save valuable free time.

Descriptive Essay Topics

Choosing topics for descriptive essay can greatly benefit students by helping them improve their writing skills and unleash their creativity. These assignments allow students to dive deep into a subject and practice using colorful language, vivid descriptions, and creative imagery. By focusing on details, students learn to observe the world around them more closely and appreciate the nuances of their surroundings. 

Exploring various topics also allows students to expand their knowledge and understanding of different cultures, experiences, and environments, fostering empathy and a broader perspective. In essence, descriptive essay topics provide students with a valuable opportunity to develop their writing abilities while gaining a deeper appreciation for the power of language and observation.

• A day at the beach.
• My favorite childhood memory.
• The cozy corner of my room.
• A rainy day in the park.
• The bustling farmer's market.
• An unforgettable family gathering.
• The charming old bookstore.
• My pet's quirky habits.
• The perfect pizza slice.
• Sunrise over the city.
• A peaceful forest glade.
• The hectic school cafeteria.
• A quiet Sunday morning.
• Exploring a hidden trail.
• The enchanting winter wonderland.
• The lively street fair.
• Inside Grandma's kitchen.
• A colorful autumn day.
• My favorite room in the house.
• The first day of school.
• A historic landmark in my town.
• Sunset on the lakeshore.
• The adorable neighborhood coffee shop.
• A vibrant street art mural.
• My most comfortable outfit.
• The quaint village square.
• A walk through the botanical garden.
• The excitement of a carnival.
• A quirky antique shop.
• Sunday afternoon picnic.

If you need more ideas, consult our guide on narrative essay topics .

Descriptive Essay Outline

An outline for a descriptive essay serves as a roadmap for organizing and structuring the content of your essay to ensure a coherent and engaging narrative. Here's a simple breakdown of the typical components of a descriptive essay outline:

Descriptive Essay Introduction

• Hook. Begin with a captivating opening sentence to grab the reader's attention.
• Thesis Statement. Clearly state the main idea or purpose of your essay.

Body Paragraphs (usually three to four)

• Topic Sentence. Start each paragraph with a clear topic sentence that introduces the main point.
• Details and Descriptions. Elaborate on the topic sentence by providing vivid and specific details, using sensory language to engage the reader's senses.
• Transitions. Use smooth transitions between paragraphs to maintain the flow of the essay.
• Restate Thesis. Recap the main idea of the essay without introducing new information.
• Summarize Key Points. Briefly revisit the main details discussed in the body paragraphs.
• Closing Statement. End with a concluding thought that leaves a lasting impression or provokes further reflection.

Review and Revise

• Check for Consistency. Ensure that your descriptions are consistent and align with the overall theme.
• Grammar and Style. Review your essay for grammatical errors and refine your writing style.
• Peer Review. If possible, seek feedback from others to gain different perspectives on your essay.

Remember, this is a flexible descriptive essay writing framework, and the number of body paragraphs can vary based on the specific requirements of your assignment. The key to how to write a descriptive essay is to maintain a logical and organized structure that guides the reader through a rich and immersive experience of the subject you're describing.

Stages of Writing a Descriptive Essay

Writing a descriptive essay involves several stages, each crucial to the development of a vivid and engaging narrative. Here's an overview of the key stages:

• Choose a Topic. Select a subject that is meaningful, interesting, and conducive to detailed description.
• Brainstorming. Generate ideas related to the chosen topic, jotting down sensory details, emotions, and specific experiences associated with it.
• Thesis Statement. Develop a clear thesis statement that conveys the main purpose or impression you want to leave with your readers.
• Introduction. Craft an engaging introduction that hooks the reader and includes the thesis statement.
• Body Paragraphs. Develop each paragraph around a specific aspect of your topic, providing detailed descriptions and utilizing sensory language.
• Organization. Arrange your paragraphs logically, using a chronological, spatial, or thematic structure to guide the reader through the experience.
• Transition Sentences. Use transitional sentences to ensure a smooth flow between paragraphs and ideas.
• Content Review. Evaluate the effectiveness of your descriptions, ensuring they contribute to the overall theme and purpose of the essay.
• Clarity and Coherence. Check for clarity and coherence in your writing, ensuring that readers can follow your narrative easily.
• Sensory Language. Enhance the use of sensory language, making sure that your descriptions evoke vivid images and engage the reader's senses.
• Thesis Refinement. Fine-tune your thesis statement to reflect any adjustments made during the drafting process.

Editing and Proofreading

• Grammar and Punctuation. Review your essay for grammatical errors, punctuation issues, and proper sentence structure.
• Consistency. Check for consistency in tense, point of view, and overall writing style.
• Word Choice. Ensure that your vocabulary is precise and contributes to the richness of your descriptions.
• Final Check. Conduct a final proofread to catch any remaining errors, typos, or formatting issues.
• Peer Review. If possible, seek feedback from peers or instructors to gain additional perspectives on your essay.
• Structure. Ensure your essay has a clear structure with an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.
• Font and Font Size. Adhere to any specific formatting guidelines provided by your instructor, including font type and size.
• Margins and Spacing. Check and adjust margins and line spacing according to the formatting requirements.
• Title and Headings. If required, include a title and headings, making sure they are appropriately formatted.
• Citations. If using sources, ensure proper descriptive essay format according to the citation style (APA, MLA, etc.).

By following these stages, you can systematically develop and refine your essay, creating a compelling and immersive experience for your readers.

Descriptive Essay Examples

A descriptive essay example is like a practical guide for students, showing them how to write in a way that really grabs people's attention. They help students see how to use colorful language and organize their thoughts. By looking at the examples, students can understand how to make their writing more engaging and bring their ideas to life. They also inspire students to get creative and find their own unique style. Examples are like a roadmap, navigating students who google ‘ do my homework ’ through the writing world and making them more confident and expressive communicators.

Example 1: "A Tranquil Morning at Sunrise Cove"

This descriptive essay paints a vivid picture of the enchanting Sunrise Cove, capturing the serene and captivating atmosphere that unfolds during the early morning hours. From the magical transformation of the landscape bathed in the warm hues of dawn to the melodic symphony of nature's sounds, the cove emerges as a tranquil haven untouched by the hustle and bustle of modern life. Beyond its picturesque beauty, Sunrise Cove provides a space for introspection and reflection, inviting visitors to immerse themselves in the peaceful ambiance and find solace in the quietude of the moment. Ultimately, the essay celebrates the profound beauty and respite offered by this hidden sanctuary as the sun continues its journey across the sky, leaving the cove awash in warmth and tranquility.

Example 2: "The Enchanting Serenity of Moonlit Beaches"

This descriptive essay explores the enchanting beauty of moonlit beaches. It vividly depicts the scene of a beach illuminated by the soft glow of the moon, emphasizing the visual, auditory, and emotional elements that contribute to its allure. The essay is structured into three main paragraphs: the silvered canvas, the symphony of silence, and a tapestry of emotions. Each paragraph delves into a specific aspect of the moonlit beach experience, from the shimmering reflections on the sand and water to the peaceful silence that reigns during the night and, finally, the emotional resonance that the scene evokes. The overall theme highlights the transformative and serene nature of moonlit beaches, portraying them as a timeless sanctuary for introspection and contemplation.

Learning how to compose descriptive essays is a powerful tool that empowers students to express themselves vividly, sharpen their observational abilities, and communicate with precision. The ability to create a sensory-rich experience on paper not only enhances academic performance but also cultivates a lifelong skill set essential for effective communication in various aspects of life.

They encourage students to delve into their surroundings, tap into their creativity, and paint a detailed picture with words. The process of carefully selecting and arranging descriptive details not only refines their writing abilities but also hones their critical thinking skills. As students engage in this form of expression, they learn to appreciate the nuances of language, fostering a deeper connection to the written word. Need help with this assignment? Use our descriptive essay writing service right now!

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Are you a student struggling to find that perfect descriptive essay topic that not only ignites your creative flair but also captivates your readers? 

The quest for the ideal subject for your descriptive essay can be a challenging one. It might leave you feeling stuck in the initial phase of your writing journey. But fear not!

In this blog, we'll address this issue head-on, providing you with 100+ best descriptive essay topic ideas. We will also provide you with the tips to choose the right topic for your academic needs.  So without further delay let’s get started!

• 1. General Descriptive Essay Topics
• 2. Descriptive Essay Topics for Different Academic Levels 
• 3. Descriptive Essay Topics For High School Students
• 4. Descriptive Essay Topics For College Students
• 5. Descriptive Essay Topics For University Students 
• 6. Descriptive Essay Topics About  Daily Life 
• 7. Descriptive Essay Topics About Favorite Things And Activities 
• 8. Descriptive Essay Topics About  Memories and Associations
• 9. Descriptive Essay Topics About Science
• 10. Descriptive Essay Topics About History
• 11. Descriptive Essay Topics About TV, Literature, Art 
• 12. Descriptive Essay Topics About  Geography and Traveling  
• 13. Descriptive Essay Topics About Philosophy and Religion
• 14. Descriptive Essay Topics about Professions
• 15. Narrative Descriptive Essay Topics
• 16. Funny Descriptive Essay Topics 
• 17. Good Descriptive Essay Topics 2024
• 18. Descriptive Essay Topics: Miscellaneous
• 19. How to Select the Right Descriptive Essay Topic

General Descriptive Essay Topics

Descriptive essay topics can fall into various categories, each offering a unique lens through which you can explore your creativity. Here are the four general categories of descriptive essay topics:

Descriptive Essay About a Place

• Describe a serene beach at sunrise.
• Describe a bustling street market in your city.
• Describe a hidden waterfall in a lush forest.
• Describe the interior of a historic cathedral.
• Describe a cozy corner in your favorite cafe.
• Describe a vibrant and colorful flower garden.
• Describe the atmosphere of a crowded concert venue.
• Describe the view from the top of a mountain.
• Describe the charm of a quaint European village.
• Describe the ambiance of a local library during a rainy day.

Explore our comprehensive guide for a deeper understanding of crafting a descriptive essay about a place .

Descriptive Essay About a Person

• Describe a remarkable teacher who influenced your life.
• Describe a close family member who inspires you.
• Describe a childhood friend and the adventures you shared.
• Describe a mentor or role model from your community.
• Describe a famous historical figure you admire.
• Describe a compassionate healthcare professional you've encountered.
• Describe a talented musician and their impact on you.
• Describe a remarkable athlete and their dedication.
• Describe a wise and experienced grandparent.
• Describe a stranger whose kindness left a lasting impression on you.

For an in-depth understanding of crafting a descriptive essay about a person , explore our comprehensive guide.

Descriptive Essay About a Memory

• Describe a vivid childhood memory that shaped your personality.
• Describe a memorable family holiday celebration.
• Describe the excitement and nervousness of your first day at school.
• Describe a cherished memory of a special family meal.
• Describe a moment of personal triumph that you'll never forget.
• Describe the sights, sounds, and emotions of a childhood birthday party.
• Describe a bittersweet memory of saying goodbye to a close friend.
• Describe a memorable road trip with friends or family.
• Describe the feeling of achieving a long-standing personal goal.
• Describe a moment of unexpected kindness that touched your heart.

Descriptive Essay About an Object

• Describe your most treasured childhood possession.
• Describe a piece of artwork that resonates with you.
• Describe an antique family heirloom and its significance.
• Describe your favorite piece of clothing and why you love it.
• Describe a technological gadget that you can't live without.
• Describe a musical instrument and its role in your life.
• Describe a book that has had a profound impact on you.
• Describe a piece of jewelry with sentimental value.
• Describe a quirky or unique souvenir from your travels.
• Describe an everyday item with personal significance, like a favorite coffee mug. 

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Descriptive Essay Topics for Different Academic Levels 

When it comes to descriptive essays, the choice of topics can vary greatly depending on your academic level. To help you find the perfect descriptive essay topic, we've curated a list that caters to students at different academic levels. Let’s check out:

Descriptive Essay Topics For Grade 5

• Describe your favorite place in your house.
• Describe a special day at the park with your friends.
• Describe your favorite meal and why you like it.
• Describe a memorable school field trip.
• Describe your favorite book characters and why you like them.
• Describe your dream treehouse or hideout.
• Describe a fun and exciting family game night.
• Describe a pet (real or imaginary) that you would love to have.
• Describe a visit to the zoo or an animal sanctuary.
• Describe a memorable moment from a recent family vacation.

Descriptive Essay Topics For Grade 6 

• Describe your ideal superhero and their special powers.
• Describe a unique and magical land you've imagined.
• Describe your favorite fictional place from a book or movie.
• Describe a special tradition your family has during the holidays.
• Describe a fascinating historical event that interests you.
• Describe a place you'd like to explore in the future.
• Describe a creative invention you'd like to create and how it works.
• Describe a sport or game you enjoy playing or watching.
• Describe an interesting art exhibit or museum you visited.
• Describe a talent or skill you'd like to develop and why.

Descriptive Essay Topics For Grade 7 

• Describe a place you find truly mysterious and explain why.
• Describe an important lesson you've learned in life and how it changed you.
• Describe a famous historical event from multiple perspectives.
• Describe a work of art or sculpture you find intriguing and its symbolism.
• Describe the sights, sounds, and emotions of a bustling city street.
• Describe your favorite spot in a local park and its significance to you.
• Describe the interior of a unique and fascinating museum.
• Describe a childhood memory that holds a special place in your heart.
• Describe the process of a hobby or activity you are passionate about.
• Describe an interesting and significant cultural celebration or festival.

Descriptive Essay Topics For Grade 8 

• The moment I conquered my biggest fear.
• An unforgettable encounter with a wild animal.
• A day in the life of an influential person from history.
• The sensory experience of a busy metropolitan area.
• The most important lesson I've learned in middle school.
• My ideal futuristic city and how it functions.
• The experience of solving a complex puzzle or problem.
• A piece of art that has left a lasting impression on me.
• An exploration of a local urban legend or mystery.
• The emotions and events surrounding my first school dance.

Descriptive Essay Topics For High School Students

Whether you're a freshman or a senior in high school, these descriptive essay topics are designed to challenge your descriptive writing abilities. Check out the topics below:

Descriptive Essay Topics For Grade 9

• Share your experience of overcoming a significant personal challenge.
• Explain the impact of a novel that influenced your perspective on life.
• Detail a memorable day when you ventured out of your comfort zone.
• Elaborate on the emotional journey of leaving behind your childhood home.
• Provide an account of a scientific discovery or theory that fascinates you.
• Unpack the sights, sounds, and culture of a foreign destination you've visited.
• Depict the essence and symbolism of a famous work of art or sculpture.
• Tell the story of a historical figure's life and their lasting legacy.
• Examine the role of technology in shaping modern society.
• Reveal the emotions and transformations experienced during your first year of high school.

Descriptive Essay Topics For Class 10

• Explore the impact of a historical event on the present day.
• Investigate the portrayal of gender roles in modern cinema.
• Discuss the societal effects of a prominent technological advancement.
• Elaborate on the importance of environmental conservation efforts.
• Uncover the cultural significance of a local festival or tradition.
• Examine the challenges and rewards of volunteering in your community.
• Tell the story of a prominent figure who has shaped your worldview.
• Depict the complex and evolving nature of friendship in adolescence.
• Share the experience of a life-changing travel adventure.
• Explain the role of social media in shaping youth culture and relationships.

Descriptive Essay Topics For College Students

As college students, your descriptive essays can reflect the myriad experiences and perspectives that shape your academic journey. Here are some thought-provoking descriptive writing topics to inspire your next piece.

Descriptive Essay Topics For Grade 12

• Examine the impact of a significant historical figure on today's society.
• Explore the evolution of your personal beliefs and values over time.
• Investigate the representation of societal issues in contemporary art.
• Discuss the role of ethics in modern scientific research and innovation.
• Elaborate on the challenges and rewards of pursuing a creative passion as a career.
• Uncover the complex dynamics of familial relationships in the digital age.
• Depict the influence of technology on the future of education.
• Explain the impact of a current global event on international relations.
• Share the transformative experience of a meaningful community service project.
• Examine the intersection of culture, identity, and social justice in the 21st century.

Descriptive Essay Topics For University Students 

• Investigate the impact of social media on mental health and well-being.
• Explore the cultural significance of a local tradition or festival.
• Examine the ethical implications of artificial intelligence in healthcare.
• Discuss the environmental effects of urbanization and city planning.
• Elaborate on the role of technology in reshaping the workplace of the future.
• Uncover the challenges and solutions in addressing global climate change.
• Depict the influence of contemporary art movements on society and culture.
• Explain the evolution of feminist theory and its relevance in today's world.
• Share the experiences and impact of studying abroad on personal growth.
• Explore the intersections of psychology, technology, and human behavior in the digital age.

Descriptive Essay Topics About  Daily Life 

• Explore the daily routines and habits that contribute to a healthy lifestyle.
• Examine the role of technology in shaping our daily interactions and relationships.
• Discuss the sensory experiences and rituals of a morning routine.
• Investigate the impact of cultural diversity on everyday life in a multicultural society.
• Depict the challenges and rewards of balancing work and personal life.
• Uncover the small, meaningful moments that make up a typical day.
• Explain the influence of daily news consumption on individual perspectives.
• Elaborate on the role of time management in achieving daily goals.
• Share the experience of adapting to new daily routines during a significant life change.
• Discuss the importance of mental health practices in managing the stresses of daily life.

Descriptive Essay Topics About Favorite Things And Activities 

• Explore the joys of your favorite childhood toy or game.
• Investigate the role of a beloved hobby in your life and personal development.
• Discuss the sensory experience of savoring your favorite meal.
• Examine the significance of a treasured book in your collection.
• Depict the emotions and memories associated with your favorite vacation destination.
• Uncover the impact of your preferred sport or physical activity on your well-being.
• Elaborate on the role of music in your life and your favorite musical genre.
• Explain the fascination and inspiration provided by your favorite work of art.
• Share the excitement and memories linked to your preferred outdoor adventure.
• Discuss the cultural significance of a favorite tradition or celebration in your life.

Descriptive Essay Topics About  Memories and Associations

• Explore a childhood memory that has profoundly shaped your values.
• Investigate the memories and emotions tied to a significant family event.
• Discuss the impact of personal achievement on your self-esteem.
• Examine the associations and significance of a treasured family heirloom.
• Depict the sensory experiences and emotions linked to your first love.
• Uncover the lessons and personal growth resulting from a challenging life experience.
• Elaborate on the memories and significance of a place you once called home.
• Explain the nostalgia and emotions connected to a favorite childhood game.
• Share the cultural associations and experiences tied to a traditional holiday celebration.
• Discuss the transformative influence of a mentor or role model in your life.

Descriptive Essay Topics About Science

• Describe the process of photosynthesis in plants and its importance.
• Explain the impact of climate change on ecosystems and biodiversity.
• Discuss the principles of genetic inheritance and their real-world applications.
• Elaborate on the role of renewable energy sources in combating climate change.
• Investigate the phenomenon of black holes and their significance in astrophysics.
• Explore the potential benefits and ethical concerns of gene editing technology.
• Depict the inner workings of the human circulatory system and its vital functions.
• Examine the impact of artificial intelligence on various industries and society.
• Uncover the principles of quantum mechanics and their implications in technology.
• Explain the process of geological plate tectonics and its role in shaping the Earth's surface.

Descriptive Essay Topics About History

• Describe the events and consequences of a significant historical battle.
• Discuss the cultural and architectural aspects of an ancient civilization.
• Explain the impact of a historical treaty or agreement on global relations.
• Elaborate on the life and achievements of a prominent historical figure.
• Investigate the causes and effects of a major revolution in history.
• Explore the social and political aspects of a pivotal historical movement.
• Depict the cultural exchange and influence of the Silk Road in ancient times.
• Analyze the historical development of a specific art or architectural style.
• Uncover the role of propaganda in shaping public opinion during a historical period.
• Discuss the impact of a historical migration or diaspora on different regions.

Descriptive Essay Topics About TV, Literature, Art 

• Describe the impact of a classic novel on your perspective and values.
• Explain the intricate plot and character development in a popular TV series.
• Explore the cultural significance of a famous work of art or sculpture.
• Investigate the symbolism and themes in a renowned piece of literature.
• Discuss the role of technology in the evolution of modern art forms.
• Depict the emotional resonance of a memorable scene from a favorite movie.
• Analyze the influence of a specific art movement on contemporary artists.
• Uncover the historical context and social commentary in a classic film.
• Elaborate on the use of color, composition, and techniques in a famous painting.
• Examine the impact of a renowned playwright's work on theater and culture.

Descriptive Essay Topics About  Geography and Traveling  

• Describe the geographical features and natural beauty of your dream travel destination.
• Explore the cultural diversity and traditions in a specific region you have visited.
• Explain the significance of a historical landmark in a foreign country.
• Discuss the impact of climate and weather on your travel experience.
• Depict the mesmerizing sights and sounds of a bustling international market.
• Analyze the influence of geography on the development of different cuisines.
• Investigate the role of eco-tourism in preserving natural wonders and wildlife.
• Elaborate on the historical and cultural context of a remote village you've explored.
• Uncover the experience of traveling alone and the lessons it taught you.
• Examine the effects of mass tourism on a popular vacation destination.

Descriptive Essay Topics About Philosophy and Religion

• Describe the teachings and core beliefs of a major world religion.
• Explore the ethical and moral dilemmas presented in a philosophical thought experiment.
• Discuss the influence of a specific philosopher's ideas on contemporary society.
• Elaborate on the historical and cultural context of a religious pilgrimage.
• Investigate the symbolism and rituals of a religious ceremony or festival.
• Uncover the philosophical arguments for and against the existence of a higher power.
• Examine the impact of religious art and architecture on sacred spaces.
• Analyze the principles of a philosophical movement and its influence on thought.
• Depict the evolution of a particular religious tradition and its adaptations.
• Discuss the role of philosophy and religion in shaping individual values and ethics.

Descriptive Essay Topics about Professions

• Describe the day-to-day life of a firefighter and the challenges they face.
• Explore the responsibilities and skills required for a career in nursing.
• Discuss the impact of modern technology on the field of journalism.
• Depict the work environment and tasks of a marine biologist.
• Investigate the role of a social worker in supporting individuals and communities.
• Explain the significance of ethics in the legal profession.
• Elaborate on the art and science of being a chef in a high-end restaurant.
• Analyze the daily routines and decision-making of a software developer.
• Uncover the evolving role of a teacher in the digital age.
• Examine the challenges and rewards of being an environmental scientist.

Narrative Descriptive Essay Topics

• Describe a life-changing journey you embarked on.
• Narrate the story of a significant personal achievement.
• Share an account of a memorable family reunion or gathering.
• Recount a day when you had to make a difficult decision.
• Describe a unique cultural festival or event you attended.
• Share the experience of overcoming a personal fear or phobia.
• Narrate the story of a close friendship that has stood the test of time.
• Describe a turning point in your academic or professional life.
• Recount an adventure in the great outdoors that challenged and inspired you.
• Share the story of a significant encounter with a stranger that left a lasting impact on you.

Funny Descriptive Essay Topics 

• Describe the chaos of preparing for a surprise birthday party.
• Share the hilarious mishaps of a family camping trip.
• Narrate the comical events of a memorable April Fools' Day prank.
• Recount the antics of a mischievous pet in your household.
• Describe the humorous challenges of learning a new dance style.
• Share the comical misunderstandings during a language barrier encounter.
• Describe the quirks and idiosyncrasies of a funny coworker or classmate.
• Narrate the lighthearted moments of a quirky family holiday tradition.
• Recount the humorous experiences of trying to assemble a piece of furniture.
• Share the story of a hilariously disastrous cooking experiment.

Good Descriptive Essay Topics 2024

• Describe the enchanting beauty of a secluded forest.
• Describe a day in the life of a bustling city street.
• Describe the sensory experience of a local farmer's market.
• Describe the soothing sounds of waves on a tranquil beach.
• Describe the intricate details of an antique family heirloom.
• Describe the charm and character of a quaint European village.
• Describe the cultural richness of a traditional ethnic festival.
• Describe the architectural wonders of a historic city.
• Describe the emotions and camaraderie of a family gathering.
• Describe the vibrant colors and flavors of a street food market.

Easy Descriptive Essay Topics

• Describe the first time you rode a bicycle
• Describe your grandfather’s favorite chair
• Write about your wardrobe.
• Describe the clock hanging on your kitchen’s wall
• Describe your pet
• Describe your favorite toy from childhood
• Describe the scariest memory of your childhood
• Describe the day you met your best friend after years
• Describe your favorite restaurant
• Write about the day when you first time saw the movie at the cinema.

Descriptive Essay Topics: Miscellaneous

• Describe the serenity of a starry night in the countryside.
• Describe the sensory delight of a summer thunderstorm.
• Explore the aura of an ancient and historic library.
• Depict the intricate details of a beloved childhood toy.
• Explain the bustling energy of a busy urban subway station.
• Share the captivating beauty of an underwater coral reef.
• Describe the tantalizing aroma of a gourmet kitchen.
• Elaborate on the charm of a cozy, old-fashioned bookshop.
• Discuss the breathtaking sights from the top of a skyscraper.
• Share the nostalgia and magic of a vintage movie theater.

Tough Essay Due? Hire Tough Writers!

How to Select the Right Descriptive Essay Topic

Selecting the perfect topic for a descriptive essay is a crucial step in the writing process. To make the most of your writing prompts and capture real-life moments effectively, consider these tips.

• Personal Connection: Choose a topic that resonates with you. Whether it's a person, place, or object, your passion will shine through your writing.
• Vivid Memories: Think about your life experiences. Recall moments, whether heartwarming or embarrassing moments, that left a lasting impression. These can be excellent essay topics.
• Uniqueness: Opt for something distinctive. While common topics have their place, selecting an unusual topic can make your essay stand out.
• Spending Time: Dedicate time to brainstorming. Allow yourself to explore various options, and don't rush the decision. It's all part of the creative process.
• Real-Life Stories: Real-life situations often make for compelling essays. They're relatable and offer ample material for vivid descriptions.
• Objects and Places: Objects or places with sentimental value can be incredibly descriptive. The emotional connection will fuel your writing.
• Writing a Descriptive Essay: Keep the purpose of the essay in mind. Ensure your topic aligns with the goal of painting a vivid picture for your readers.

Need examples to grasp the concept of writing a descriptive essay? Check out our descriptive essay examples blog!

Wrapping Up! With this comprehensive list of top 250+ descriptive essay topics, you now have a vibrant palette from which to paint your narratives. However, if you have time constraints, do not hesitate to ask for professional help. 

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Composition: A Festival in My Village, Vocabulary Development: Prefixes

Back to: ENGLISH LANGUAGE JSS1

Welcome to class! 

In today’s class, we will be talking about vocabulary development, etc. Enjoy the class!

Guided Composition (Narrative)

A festival in my village.

I was born in Ha Nam, a province in the North of Vietnam. I am always proud of my hometown with hard-working and kind farmers. I feel most proud of my village because of the many traditional festivals that take place every year. One of the most important festivals in my village is “Village Festival”. “Village Festival” takes place every two years to remind people in the village of the god of the village who built the village. People often call the god of the village as “Thanh Hoang Lang”. This festival takes place on the full-moon day of February. There are three parts of the” Village Festival”.

The first part of the festival that children are the most eager is lifting the palaqueen and lion dances. On the day of the Village Festival, children often get up early, wearing beautiful clothes. Then they go to the communal house of the village to wait for the palaqueen. About 7 o’clock, all of the people in the village gather on two sides of the road to see the palaqueen pass. It is believed that children who go under the palaqueen on this day will have good health and will study very well. At 8 a.m., the palaqueen starts being raised from the village to the village.

The palaqueen is raised by eight people. Always the old people in the traditional costume go in front of the palaqueen and they both go and spread things like coins, pink candles. My grandma told me that people who pick the pink candles are very lucky. They often put the candles in front of their children’s bed. It is thought that the light of the pink candle will make their children more intelligent and healthier. Therefore they try to get the pink candles. Lion dances are also followed by the palaqueen. The procession lasts for more than an hour.

After the procession, people in the village: the old, the young and children move to the river in the village quickly to see the next part of the Village Festival called “traditional games”. Traditional games are the most interesting part of the Village Festival, so villagers always wait for this activity. There are a lot of traditional games that take place in this part such as boat race, tug of war and wrestling… One of the most interesting games in the Village Festival is the racing boat. There are five teams which present the fives villages.  It is a very proud thing for any village to win the competition.

Therefore, every village chooses the strongest man to join the boat race competition. In this game, competitors sit on an imperial boat, a boat has the form of a dragon decorated with different colours. The captains who stand at the head of the boat order their team to sail the boat quickly. As soon as the sound of the drum starts, all team begin sailing as fast as they can. Along two sides of the river, viewers are shouting for encouragement for their home team. The louder the sound of yelling and shouting of fans is, the more quickly the competitors sail. People who watch at two sides of the river run after the boat to encourage their team.

The team which sails to the finish the most quickly will be the winner of the game. It is a big pride of the village for the team who gets the first prize. Besides the boat race, the traditional games like tug of war, rice- cooking and wrestling are also seen by most people in the village. The activities of the traditional games finish at about 1 p.m in the afternoon.

The last part of Village Festival is celebrated in the communal house yard after the traditional games.

When the traditional games finish, villagers gather in front of the communal house yard to eat a traditional meal and to see which teams get prizes in traditional games. From early in the morning, the women in the village prepare necessary materials to cook the meal. Often women in the village who are good at cooking will be chosen to cook for the Village festival. About noon all the food is shown carefully and spectacularly on the tables in the communal house yard. On Village festival day the communal house becomes more crowded. This is a special occasion for people in the village to meet and talk together about their work as well as the harvest.

Firstly, the results of the traditional games in the morning are announced by the leader of the village. Most people are waiting to hear which teams win the first prize. It is the pride of the village that wins the first prize. The winners in the traditional games last year will award the prize for the winners this year. Then people sit on their seats eating the meal. They both eat and talk happily. After the meal, people gather to hear the women in the village sing folk songs The Village festival lasts until early in the evening.

Despite the impact of the industrialization, the Village Festival is still celebrated as the cultural and traditional beauty of my village. It reminds the young generation of the tradition and originality.

EVALUATION: Form a group five, study the passage carefully and compare it with the village festival of your villages.

INTRODUCTION TO DIPHTHONGS

CONTENT:  /ᶕu/

Diphthongs : The word ‘diphthong’ is from a Greek word, which means double sound. They are also vowels. The difference is that while a pure vowel contains only one sound, a diphthong contains two sounds with a glide from the first vowel.

• /ei/ as found in rain
• /ᶕu/ as found in spoke
• /ai/ as found in high
• /au/ as found in how
• /ᴐi/ as found in oil
• //iᶕ/ as found in hear
• //eᶕ/ as found in spear
• /uᶕ/ as found in tour

EVALUATION: Diphthongs can be divided into two, namely: centring and closing diphthongs. Classify the diphthongs above into these two.

EVALUATION : Read the first part of the passage and then do practice 2

Activities on Future Tense

CLASS ACTIVITY

• In five sentences, use the modal auxiliary verbs ‘shall’ and ‘will’ to indicate futurity
• In five sentences, use the infinitive form to indicate futurity
• In five sentences, use the present progressive form to indicate futurity

EVALUATION: In a group of five, evaluate the sentences of your teammate.

GENERAL EVALUATION: 

• List five instruments used for home remedy/cure
• Give ten examples of diphthongs.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT: 

• Write an expository essay on your village festival

We hope you enjoyed the class.

Should you have any further question, feel free to ask in the comment section below and trust us to respond as soon as possible.

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Descriptive Essay Writing

Descriptive Essay Topics

Interesting Descriptive Essay Topics - 2024

14 min read

Published on: Jun 2, 2023

Last updated on: Mar 1, 2024

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A descriptive essay paints a vivid picture through words, capturing intricate details, sensory experiences, and emotions. That is why selecting the right topic is crucial to creating a stimulating reader experience when writing this type of essay . 

A descriptive essay topic should evoke touch, smell, sight, sound, and taste to contribute to the essay's success in conveying a vivid image. So, picking the right topic needs to be done correctly and carefully. 

In this blog, we'll explore various interesting topics to spark your creativity and enhance your descriptive writing skills. Read the blog if you are looking for some interesting descriptive essay ideas.

Let's dig in!

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Descriptive Essay Topics: Favorite Things And Activities

• Describing the ritual of Sunday morning pancake breakfasts
• The comfort of a well-worn reading nook
• A walk through the blossoming rose garden
• Exploring the delights of stargazing
• The joy of crafting personalized handwritten letters
• Describing the thrill of a roller coaster ride
• The tranquil routine of sunset yoga by the seashore: a mindful retreat.
• A culinary adventure in the kitchen
• The excitement of exploring antique markets
• Describing the cozy atmosphere of a family movie night

Descriptive Essay Topics: Geography And Traveling

• Navigating the hidden gems of an ancient city
• Describing the mesmerizing colors of a remote tropical sunset.
• Journey through the dynamic landscapes of a national park
• The bustling energy of a local bazaar
• Exploring the mysteries of an underwater cave
• A descriptive study of traditional architecture in a foreign country.
• Describing the rich cultural tapestry of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• The awe-inspiring beauty of the Northern Lights
• A descriptive exploration of the diverse flora and fauna in a rainforest.
• The tranquil serenity of a remote desert oasis

Descriptive Essay Topics: Memories And Associations

• Unraveling the nostalgia of childhood hide-and-seek games
• Describing the aroma of Grandma's kitchen
• A walk down memory lane
• The timeless melody of a family heirloom
• Recalling the excitement of a first day at school
• A descriptive exploration of a sentimental family photograph album.
• The echoes of laughter in an old family home
• Describing the texture of a childhood blanket
• A day in the life of a cherished childhood toy
• The significance of a faded ticket stub

Descriptive Essay Topics: Philosophy, Science, And Religion

• Describing the intersection of science and spirituality
• The philosophy of time
• The ethical implications of genetic engineering
• Describing the metaphysical aspects of quantum physics
• The philosophy of consciousness
• Navigating the intersection of religion and environmental ethics
• Describing the aesthetics of mathematics
• The philosophy of mind-body dualism
• Exploring the ethical dimensions of artificial intelligence
• Describing the role of rituals in religious practices

Descriptive Essay Topics: Tv, Literature, Art

• Describing the impact of television on modern culture
• The artistry of surrealistic paintings
• A literary analysis of dystopian fiction
• The evolution of TV series finales
• Describing the symbolism in classic literature
• The influences of pop art on contemporary visual culture
• A descriptive exploration of magical realism in literature
• The cinematic world of film noir
• The impact of digital media on traditional art forms
• Describing the multifaceted characters in a favorite TV drama

Descriptive Essay Topics: History

• A descriptive exploration of ancient civilizations
• The historical significance of a local landmark
• Describing the impact of a historical invention on society
• A journey through the streets of a historical city
• The role of women in a historical revolution
• Describing the cultural exchange along the Silk Road
• The influence of historical wars on art and literature
• A descriptive study of everyday life in a historical period
• The economic evolution of a historical trading port
• Describing the architectural marvels of a historical era

Descriptive Essay Topics: Daily Life

• A descriptive analysis of morning routines
• Describing the culinary delights of a family dinner
• The tranquil routine of evening strolls
• A day in the life of a remote worker
• Describing the bustling energy of a local market
• The sounds and sights of a city commute
• A descriptive exploration of weekend rituals
• The comforts of home
• The dynamics of family game night
• Describing the joys and challenges of parenthood

Descriptive Essay Topics: Professions

• Describing the real-life struggles of a firefighter
• The precision of a surgical theatre
• A day in the life of a wildlife photographer
• Describing the challenges of a humanitarian aid worker
• The creative chaos of a graphic designer's studio
• A descriptive exploration of archaeology
• The rhythm of a musician's practice
• Describing the dynamic world of event planning
• The artistry of culinary professions
• A day in the shoes of a space scientist

Descriptive Essay Topics for Students

Before selecting the topic for a descriptive essay, make sure it tells the reader about the essay. Here, we have compiled a list of topics for students from different academic levels to write a good essay.

Descriptive Essay Topics for University Students

• Exploring the intricate details of an ancient architectural masterpiece.
• Describing the rich biodiversity within a pristine rainforest ecosystem.
• Painting a verbal picture of the subatomic realms in quantum physics.
• Unveiling the diverse cultures thriving in a bustling urban landscape.
• Crafting a vivid portrayal of a serene sunset atop a remote mountain peak.
• Delving into the marvels of the human brain through descriptive language.
• Illuminating the traditional artisan crafts that persist in a globalized world.
• Indulging the senses in a descriptive exploration of global culinary delights.
• Detailing the silent witnesses to history in centuries-old trees of ancient woodlands.
• Capturing the awe-inspiring beauty of a starlit night sky in the cosmos.

Descriptive Essay Topics for College Students

• Analyzing details in modern art installations for a descriptive study.
• Exploring visual and textural aspects of urban graffiti.
• Describing light and shadow in contemporary photography.
• Investigating the unseen microorganism world descriptively.
• Experiencing sensory delights at an open-air market.
• Unraveling the urban soundscape
• Navigating fashion trend evolution
• Describing subtle expressions in dance: Body language and emotion.
• Capturing rustic charm in forgotten countryside villages verbally.
• Inside a musician's mind: describing creative processes.

Descriptive Essay Topics for High School

• Exploring the impact of social media on teenage identity.
• A day in the life of a local ecological reserve.
• The intricacies of high school subcultures.
• The sounds of a high school cafeteria.
• Describing the journey of a historical figure.
• A walk through a local farmer's market.
• The essence of high school sports events.
• The artistry of a high school theater production.
• Describing the charm of a historical landmark in your community.
• A descriptive exploration of a science fair.

Descriptive Essay Topics for Middle School

• Exploring historical marvels: artifacts revealing tales.
• Pet escapades: a day in furry companions' life.
• Neighborhood park enchantment: a magical nature journey.
• Middle school science buzz: the thrill of experiments.
• Vibrant carnival world: an adventure of colors.
• Fire station dynamics: heroes in action unfold.
• Intriguing library ambiance: a study in fascination.
• Cosmic wonders unveiled: a descriptive journey.
• Mural masterpieces: creativity painted on walls.
• Historical event unraveling: past tales brought alive.

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Descriptive Essay Topics for Different Grades

The selection of a good descriptive essay topic is a difficult task for school students. Have a look at the following list of topics.

Descriptive Essay Topics For Grade 4

• A magical day in a candy wonderland
• The curious adventures of friendly robots
• Exploring the whimsical world of talking animals
• My enchanted garden
• A day in the life of a silly superhero
• The mystical kingdom under my bed
• Describing the colorful personalities of classroom pets.
• The incredible journey of my lost toy
• A picnic with alien friends
• The rainbow circus

Descriptive Essay Topics for Grade 6

• A funny memory
• Your favorite item of clothing
• Performing in front of a crowd
• Your lucky charm
• Your favorite movie
• Your worst nightmare
• The perfect day on the beach
• An embarrassing moment
• The perfect meal for you
• The most beautiful place for you

Descriptive Essay Topics for Grade 7

• A day in the life of an imaginary creature
• Exploring volcanic eruptions
• Secret time-traveling machine adventures
• Enchanted forest walk
• Whimsical talking animal world
• Joyful chaos at a school carnival
• My time as a detective
• Journey to the center of the Earth
• Feast with extraterrestrial friends
• Colorful universe in my toy box

Descriptive Essay Topics for Grade 8

• The street from home to school
• The pet you love the most
• The best habit of your favorite person
• Your dream house
• Your favorite childhood memory
• Your favorite hideout while playing hide and seek
• A list of your favorite restaurants
• What makes me laugh
• What is the world’s biggest secret?
• My first school teacher

Descriptive Essay Topics for Grade 9

• The relationship between productivity and musical tones
• Life is beautiful if we stop complaining
• A day spent in school after vacations
• How does the solar system work?
• Things to learn from life
• Effects of domestic violence on children
• My favorite sport
• My love for country people
• My first visit to a mosque
• Changing a car tire

Descriptive Essay Topics for Class 10

• Exploring the cultural mosaic of a vibrant city market
• A day in the life of an urban street artist
• Intricacies of technological evolution
• Descriptive exploration of historical monuments in your city.
• Sensory symphony of a night market
• Unveiling the architecture of sustainable green buildings
• Dynamic energy of a music festival
• Day in the shoes of a social activist
• Artistry of cinematic masterpieces
• Describing the serenity of a coastal landscape

Descriptive Essay Topics For Grade 12

• Philosophy and AI Intersection
• Decoding quantum entanglement
• Postmodern literature analysis
• Bioethical dilemmas in medical tech evolution.
• Socioeconomic impacts of global climate change.
• Intricacies of International Diplomacy
• Identity intersection in societal constructs.
• Cybersecurity impact on global economies
• Ethical quandaries in genetic engineering.
• Architectural innovations in urban sustainability.

Common Descriptive Essay Topics

Here is a compilation of descriptive essay topics that have been categorized into different groups.

Descriptive Essay Topics about an Event

• Describe the electric atmosphere of a music festival.
• Describe a thrilling sporting event: the roar of the crowd.
• Describe behind the scenes at a carnival: colors and chaos.
• Describe the unveiling magic of a fireworks display.
• Describe the enchanting glow of a night market.
• Describe a vibrant parade: colors, costumes, and celebrations.
• Describe exploring the buzz of a busy street fair.
• Describe the serenity of a sunrise yoga event.
• Describe a cultural festival: tastes, sounds, and traditions.
• Describe the dynamic energy of a political rally.

Descriptive Essay Topics about Objects

• Describe the elegance of a vintage pocket watch.
• Describe the intricate details of an antique writing desk.
• Describe the simplicity and charm of a well-worn teddy bear.
• Describe the mesmerizing glow of a stained glass lamp.
• Describe the rugged beauty of a weathered leather journal.
• Describe the delicate craftsmanship of a porcelain teapot.
• Describe the sleek design of a modern smartphone.
• Describe the timeless allure of a classic wristwatch.
• Describe the vibrant colors of a handwoven tapestry.
• Describe the rustic charm of a vintage typewriter.

Descriptive Essay Topics on Places

• Describe the tranquility of a hidden beach cove.
• Describe the bustling energy of a busy city street.
• Describe the serenity found in a mountain retreat.
• Describe the historic charm of an old town square.
• Describe the vibrant atmosphere of a local farmers' market.
• Describe the awe-inspiring beauty of a dense forest.
• Describe the eclectic charm of a neighborhood coffee shop.
• Describe the grandeur of an ancient cathedral.
• Describe the coziness of a quaint mountain cabin.
• Describe the futuristic appeal of a modern art gallery.

Easy Descriptive Essay Topics

If you are seeking easy topics, we have a range of simple descriptive essay options that are perfect if you're new to this genre.

Narrative Descriptive Essay Topics

• My favorite restaurant to check out
• An Adventure in the Andes
• A perfect companion for me
• Describe your favorite celebrity.
• The birth of a child
• Describe something that made you laugh to death.
• An encounter with an online criminal
• What’s your favorite scene from a book?
• Describe all heroics attributed to King Arthur
• The wonders of Australia and New Zealand

Funny Descriptive Essay Topics

• Describe the antics of your mischievous pet.
• Describe a hilarious encounter at a comedy club.
• Describe the chaotic scene of a family game night.
• Describe the amusing sights at a quirky local fair.
• Describe the funny mishaps during a camping trip.
• Describe the comical chaos of a surprise birthday party.
• Describe the eccentric characters at a neighborhood potluck.
• Describe the laughter-filled moments at a comedy movie night.
• Describe the humorous chaos of a kitchen cooking adventure.
• Describe the amusing incidents at a lively karaoke party.

How to Select a Descriptive Writing Topic? 

Crafting a compelling descriptive essay requires a suitable topic. It's crucial to consider the following points:

Factors for Selecting a Descriptive Essay Prompt

• Interest Alignment: Choose a topic aligning with personal experiences or passions.
• Vivid Imagery Potential: Opt for a subject allowing vibrant descriptions and sensory details to create a vivid description.
• Audience Engagement: Consider topics relatable or intriguing to your intended readers.
• Abundance of Details: Pick a subject providing ample material for rich descriptions.
• Emotional Connection: Select prompts evoking strong emotions or personal connections.

Utilizing Descriptive Essay Samples

• Understanding Structure: Review examples to grasp the descriptive essay outline and its components.
• Techniques and Language: Analyze how vivid descriptions are crafted and sensory details are used.
• Inspiration Source: Use examples to spark ideas and creativity for your chosen prompt. You can read and get inspiration from expertly crafted samples in our descriptive essay examples blog!

The Bottom Line!

We hope that these descriptive essay topics have inspired you and given you some ideas for your own essay. Writing a descriptive essay requires vivid descriptions and sensory details, and it's a chance to paint a picture with words. Remember choosing the right topic is essential for writing a good descriptive essay. And if you're struggling to choose one or feeling uncertain about your writing skills, seek professional help. 

Unlock the potential of your writing with our professional essay writing help , specializing in crafting vivid and engaging descriptive essays.

Our descriptive essay writing service is designed to bring your ideas to life, painting a picture with words that capture the reader's imagination. Whether you're struggling with structure, style, or just getting started, we're here to guide you every step of the way. And for those seeking an innovative edge, explore our AI essay generator . This tool is your key to effortless, high-quality writing. 

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English Language Lesson Note for Jss2 First Term

Lesson note on english language jss2 first term – edudelight.com, first term e-learning note english language.

SCHEME OF WORK ENGLISH LANGUAGE JSS2

• Speechwork:  Revision of Vowel Sounds

                      Grammar: Revision of Parts of Speech

Reading: Writing to Understand the Writer’s Purpose Unit 1, The Hippopotamus Part 1

                        Writing: Writing an Outline for a Narrative

                        Essay – How I spent My Last Holiday

     Literature in English: Figures of Speech: Alliteration, Personification, Irony, Paradox, Hyperbole

• Speechwork: Revision of Consonant Sounds with Emphasis on Consonant Cluster.
• Grammar: Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

Reading:  The Hippopotamus part 2 (continuation)

Writing: Descriptive Essay: Writing an Outline on a Place of Interest I visited.

• Speechwork: Vowel Contrast – /iә/ and /eә/.

       Grammar: More on Active Voice and Passive Voice.

Reading: Identification of Words that Pointto the Writer’s Intention: The Process of Growing Rice

                        Vocabulary Development: Word Families – In the Hospital page 93

                        Writing: Elements of Composition

• Speechwork: Vowel Contrast /әu/ and /au/

                        Grammar: More on Tenses (Present, Past, Future)

                        Reading: Critical Reading: Planting page 39-40

                        Vocabulary Development: The Armed Forces

                        Writing: Descriptive Essay – A Local Festival

• Speechwork:  Review of Consonant Sounds /t/,/d/,/k/,/g/,/p/,/ b/.

Grammar:  Present    Tense     Aspects

Reading: To Identify the Meanings of Words in Various Contexts: Broadcasting Page 53-54

• Vocabulary Development: Religion

Writing: Review of the Format of Formal and Informal Letters

• Speechwork: Contrasting /p/ and /t/
• Grammar: Past Tense Aspects

Reading: The Lorry Trip page 79-80

                        Vocabulary Development; Register of Sports.

                        Writing: Narrative Essay: A Frightening Experience

• Speechwork: Consonant Contrast /f/ and /v/
• Grammar: Conjunctions

Reading: Okonkwo page 92-93

Vocabulary Development: Journalism

Writing: Informal Letter: A Letter to Your Father on Why You Like Your New School.

Literature: More on Figures of Speech: Onomatopoeia, Personification, Antithesis, Euphemism, Apostrophe, Oxymoron.

• Speechwork: Consonant Contrast: /l/ and /r/

Grammar: Making Requests and Commands page 94

Writing: Descriptive Essay: My Favourite Teacher

• Speechwork: Consonant /h/

Direct and Indirect Speech

Writing: Formal Letter: A Letter of Invitation

• Oral English for Schools and Colleges (Revised Edition) by San Onugbo, M.A. Ife
• Basic English Book 4 HarbensKaur
• Silver Burdett English Centennial Edition by Betty G. Gray et al
• Contemporary English Grammar by JayanthuDakshina Murthy, ed by Indu mala Ghosh et al.
• Exam  Focus English for JSCE by Bolajiaremo et al.
• Evans Effective English JSS 2 Revised Edition by Michael Montgomery et al.
• New Oxford Secondary English Corse book for JS 2 by Ayo Banjo et al.
• New Student’s Companioned by Chris Talbot.
• Speechwork; Revision of Vowel Sounds
• Grammar: Revision of Parts of Speech: Nouns, Pronouns,Verbs, Adjectives
• Comprehension: The Hippopotamus Part 1
• Writing: Writing an Outline for a Narrative
• Literature In English: Figures of Speech

A.   Speechwork: Revision of Vowel Sounds

Content: Vowel Sounds Lesson note

There are forty-four sound segments in English comprising twenty vowels and twenty- four consonants.

The production of vowel sounds take place as the air stream flows from the lungs to the mouth without any obstruction.

The vowel in English is classified into two main groups: pure vowels also called monophthongs and diphthongs. The monophthongs are further sub – divided into short vowels and long vowels.

A list of monophthongs /pure vowels

• /i:/ as in seat, key, chief, people, mete, quay
• /I/ as in sit, pretty, women, village, enough, waited
• /e/ as in pen, head, any, bury, ferry, bread, rest
• /әe/ as in cap, had, hand, plan, tank, sad, mat
• /a:/ as in hard, father, heart, path, dark, far, arm
• /D/ or/Ɔ/ as in cot, cock, wash, clock, hot, lot, shop
• /Ɔ:/ as in court, fork, cork, tall, law, bought, fore
• /Ʊ/ as in good, foot, cook, book, should, woman
• /u:/ as in moon, rude, loose, lose, soup, flute, juice
• /˄/ as in sun, mother, come, cup, fun, money, but
• /3:/ as in firm, bird, first, shirt, skirt, term, serve
• /ә/ as in allow, above, around, doctor, sister, alive, forget, religious

A list of diphthongs

• /ei/ as in play, rake, pale, state, cake, day, wake
• /ai/ as in pie, my, height, plight, mite, bright
• /ͻi/ as in oil, boy, buoy, toil, foil, noise, joy
• /әu/ as in go, hoe, home, no, know, coat, goat, rose
• /au/ as in house, now, cloud, rowdy, brow, howl
• /iә/ as in fear, cheer, beer, idea, serious, here, near
• /eә/ as in pair, air, hair, bare, there, fare, bare, chair
• /uә/ as in tour, moon, poor, pure, sure, lure

Write five different words that have each of the sounds treated above.

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JSSCEpg 143 – 145

B.   Grammar: Revision of Some Parts of Speech

Content: Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Adjectives lesson note.

As the body of a person has different works or functions, so a sentence is made up of different words performing different functions. Each word is named according to the function it performs in a sentence.

What is a noun?

A noun is a naming word which names people, things, animal, places and ideas e.g. Ade, boy, man, girl, Bisi, woman, child, chief, king, princess, ant, goat, London, school, church, beauty, anger, empathy etc.

Agirl was looking for her book.

The book is on the table.

What is a pronoun?

A pronoun replaces a noun in a sentence to avoid repetition e.g she, he, they, we, them, us, her, it, you, herself, whom, that, why etc. She is a good student. I love my dog.

What is an Adjective?

An adjective qualifies a noun, i.e. it tells us more about a noun. E.g beautiful, ugly, emotional, tall, old, fantastic etc.

A beautiful woman.

She is beautiful.

An unkempt hair

What are verbs?

Verbs are words that tell the action of the nouns which are usually the subject or objects of the sentence. e.g beat, sleep, sing, talk, jump, dance, has, have, does, may etc. I talk a lot. She dances well.

Evaluation : Name the different parts of speech and give three examples each.

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JSCE p. 41-69

C. Topic: Comprehension

Content: Why the Hippo Lives in Water Part 1

This passage discusses the reason why Isantim (hippopotamus) lives in water.

Answer the questions which accompany the passage page 21. Effective English J SS 2p 22- 23

D . Topic: Writing

Content: Narrative Essay

A narrative essay is an essay that tells or recounts a story, event or an incident. The past tense is used in this type of essay.

• Body ( introductory paragraph, paragraphs by points, concluding paragraph)

Writing an Outline for How I Spent My Last Holiday:

• When the holiday started
• Your feelings towards the holiday i.e happy, unhappy
• Places of interest you visited
• Remarkable things you did or achieved during the holiday

Evaluation : In not less than 250 words, write a meaningful account of how you spent your last holiday.

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JSCE p.15-16

E. Literature: Figures of Speech

Content: personification, hyperbole, paradox, irony, alliteration..

Figures of speech refer to expressions used in a special way for a concise and forceful effect.

• Personification; inanimate objects are treated as human beings. E.gMy car is coughing. The trees are waving. The sun is smiling.
• Hyperbole: is an overstatement or exaggeration for emphasis or a satirical effect. E.g I will fly to the moon to prove my love for you.

I can eat a mountain bowl of Eba.

I saw a sea of blood at the accident scene.

• Paradox: contains two opposite ideas which make it seem impossible but possible after deep consideration e.g. The child is the father of the man.

More haste, less speed.

Nigeria’s unity lies in her diversity.

• Irony: stating the direct opposite of one’s intention or getting the exact opposite of one’s expectation. E .g: You must be very clever for scoring 20%  in your examination.

Chief Bigo is so wealthy that he can even take from a beggar.

• Alliteration: is the repetition of the same consonant sounds in sequence.

bothboy and ball

“Orunmila”makemy medicine potent.

Evaluation : Write out two examples of each figure of speech explained.

Reading assignment : Exam Focus English JSSE Page 157 – 158.

GENERAL EVALUATION/REVISION QUESTIONS

Fill in the blanks with suitable verbs.

• The worst of the problems ______ been dealt with.
• The boy likes sisters to _______ active in sport
• Most of the waiter in our town _______ from the nearly dam.
• Neither she nor her brother _______ gone to school
• A number of boys from that school _____ going to camp.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Fill in the blank space with the most appropriate option from the list given in the bracket.

• The man sells many books and ____in his book shop. ( many stationary, a stationary, much stationary)
• The storm did _____damage to the house. (a, an, much)
• The principal has bought ______ for the science laboratory. ( equipment, much equipment)
• He eats ______ every day. ( egg, eggs, egg)
• Dr. Bowen is _____ European but Mr. Woois ______ American. (an/an, a/a, a/an)
• He worked for ______ hour. ( a , an, many)

READING ASSIGNMENT

Effective English J S 2 Practice 2 page 26

• Speechwork: Review of Consonant Sounds.
• Comprehension: Why The Hippo Lives in Water 2
• Writing: Descriptive Essay
• Topic: Review of Consonant Sounds

Content: Consonant Sounds Examples

Symbols                      Examples of words in which they occur

/p/                                pet, price, puppy, lip, copper

/b/                                bet, bride, rib, rubber, tube

/t/                                 tick, type, pit, matter, light

/d/                                dip, ditch, hoard, deep, field, dance

/k/                                kick, clean, cot, school, seek, cup, quay

/g/                                green, goggle, dog, good, goose, smuggle

/tᶴ/                                chief, chase, church, preach, teach, cheese, search

/dӠ/                              dodge, urge, gesture, fridge, germ, joy, page

/f/                                 farm, elephant, phrase, laugh, suffer, graph

/v/                                bevy, of, receive, vouch, five, review, weave

/ө/                                thin, author, length, breath, thick, thirst

/ә/                                breathe, brother, those, that, bathe

/s/                                 sip, cease, kiss, piece, purse, ice, icing

/z/                                zip, zebra, refuse, reason, poise, disease

/ᶴ/                                 short, crush, English, notion, nation, brush, lash

/Ӡ/                                treasure, pleasure, vision, casual, visual, beige

/m/                               made, summer, norm, plumber, come, fathom

/n/                                nine, naught, born, knit, bin, gnaw, knew

/   /                               king, going, slang, singer, among, evening, tongue

/L/                                love, tall, kill, fellow, clay, look, live, slum

/r/                                 rough, merry, writer, wrong, cry, rate,risk

/j/                                 yam, Europe, ewe, yes, you, yeast, new universe

/w/                               warm, linguist, queen, q u alm, guava, banquet, win, wipe

Evaluation: Write out five examples different from the ones given for each of the sounds above.

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JSCE, page 143 – 145

Topic: Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

Content: Meaning and Usage

Verbs as action and stative words can be used transitively or intransitively.

A transitive verb expresses an action which passes across to  one or more persons or things. ( Note that the word transitive’ originally came from the Latin word ‘transire’ which means “to pass across”). Transitive verbs take direct objects.

Kanu                           kicked the ball

Subject                                    T.V                  object

Olu and saka               have                 many books.

    Subject                      T. V               object

All the boys have hoes.

    Subject                    T.V       object

An intransitive verb is used without any objects. Examples

Janes    was singing.

   S       IV

The fishsmelled.

The babiescried.

      S    IV

A dogbarks.

    S       IV

A cockcrows.

     S     IV

Ieateveryday.

S     IV         ADV

The intransitive verbs which are called linking verbs include: set, lags, appear, feel, grow, look, prove, remain, seem, taste, smell, turn etc.

Intransitive verbs may be turned into transitive verb, if a preposition is used.

Example: She laughed at him.

I looked at the painting.

We talked about the film.

They wished for happiness.

I have asked for permission.

Evaluation :  Write five sentences using transitive and intransitive verbs each.

Reading Assignment : English Grammar by P.O Olatunbosun Page 65 – 68

Content: Why the Hippo Lives in Water?

This passage discusses the reason the hippopotamus lives in water.

Evaluation : answer the questions which accompany the passage. Effective English JS2 22 – 23

Reading Assignment : Effective English J SS 2 page 39

Content: Descriptive Essay

A descriptive essay attempts to describe objects, people, events, ideas, or situation as they are. Examples include My School, My Pet, A Computer etc.

The descriptive essay should contain such details that throw  light on the subject or object of description and it should give a mental picture of what is being described.

Introduction

Body written in paragraphs

An Outline on the Topic“A place of Interest I Visited”.

Here are some guidelines to help you write this essay:

• Introduction: describe places of interest you have visited and the most spectacular among them.
• Body: describe the location, the scenery, events which take place there; describe the things you saw there and people who visited the place; talk about the reason why you like the place
• Conclusion.

GENERAL EVALUATION/REVISIONAL QUESTIONS

Complete each sentence with:  him, her or it.

• Fatima wanted the photograph, so I gave _to_.
• My radio is broken. I can’t mend ___.
• Bayo is my friend. I know __ well.
• Chike asked for my ruler, so I lent _to_.
• My sister is over there. I went to speak to _

Exam Focus JSCE, page 82 -83

• Speech work: Vowel Contrast /iә/ and /eә/
• Grammar: More on Active and Passive Voice
• Comprehension: The Process of Growing Rice.
• Vocabulary Development: Health
• Writing: Elements of composition
• Topic: Vowel Contrast

Content:          /iә/                                           /eә/

                        sheer                                        share/seer

                        cheer                                        chair

                        fear                                          fare

                        beer                                         bear/bare

                        tier                                           tear

                        deer/dear                                dare

                        peer                                         pear/pair/pare

here                                         there

Evaluation : Write out ten pairs for the sounds.

Reading Assignment : Oral English for Schools and Colleges by Sam Onuigbo, pages 20-29

Topic: More on Active and Passive Voice

Content: definition and examples.

A sentence is in the active voice when the subject of the doer of the action is at the beginning of the sentence.

• The dog bit me.
• She gave me some fruits
• Grandmother told us an interesting story.
• I am kicking a ball.

A sentence is in the passive voice when the object or receiver of the action is at the beginning of a sentence. Sometimes the subjects may be left out if it is not important or not known.

I was bitten by the dog

I have been robbed!

We were told to sit down and keep quiet.

A ball is being kicked by me.

Evaluation : Write out five sentences in the active voice and change them to passive voice.

Reading Assignment : English Grammar by P.O Olatunbosun page 65- 68

Content: The Process of Growing Rice page 38 – 39

This passage discusses the process of growing rice. A nursery is made for the seedlings before they are planted. A nursery is aplace where seedlings are raised or grown before they are transplanted.

Evaluation : Effective English JS2, p 3,Practice 2

Reading Assignment : Effective English JS 2, page 39

D. Topic: Vocabulary Development

Content: Health p 94 – 95

Health is the condition of a person’s body or mind. It is also the state of being physically and mentally healthy.

Words to do with health are:

• Clinic : A small hospital where treatment is given.
• Dispensary : A room where medicines are given out.
• Surgeon : A doctor who performs operations.
• A specialist : A doctor who specializes in one branch of medicine.
• Patient : A person who receives care from a doctor.
• Pediatrician : A specialist for children’s disease
• Pharmacy : A section where medicines are bought.

Evaluation : Write out twenty words to do with health.

Reading Assignment : Exam focus English JSCE page 118 – 119; Effective English JS 2 page 102

E. Topic: Writing

Content: Elements of Composition

Composition is also known as continuous writing which involves the use of a lot of sentences to express an idea, one’s opinion or explain a concept.

A composition has a beginning, middle and an end. These parts have specific names- the introduction, the body and the conclusion.

An introduction has two important jobs. First, it should capture the reader’s interest and tell what the entire composition is about. It is the first paragraph of the composition. The sentence that states the central idea of the composition is called the thesis statement.  This helps the writer focus on the main point. It provides the central idea that all other ideas in the composition must relate to closely.

The body contains paragraphs that tell more about the central idea. It may consist of any number of paragraphs that prove or illustrate the thesis statement. In the body, a writer uses supporting paragraphs to provide more information about the thesis statement. The length of the body may vary. The writer may need only two paragraphs to explain the central idea or four or five paragraphs to make the idea clear. The body is always the longest section.

The conclusion ties all the ideas in the composition together. It restates the central idea and may summarise supporting ideas. It should signal completion.

Introduction                            Introduction( with thesis statement)

                                Supporting paragraph

Body                                        Supporting paragraph

                                                Supporting paragraph

Conclusion                               Conclusion      

Evaluation : Write four supporting paragraphs for this thesis statement: Friendship is important for many reasons.

Reading Assignment : Effective English JS2, page 79

• Write out the following sentences into the passive voice:
• Yinka scolded the boy for fighting in class.
• The fisherman caught a lot of fish yesterday.
• I am sure Akpan took my pen by mistake
• Our principal usually gives a short speech dating assembly.
• The hungry children ate the food.
• Exam focus English JSCE page 19 Revision Exercise 13.8

Weekend Assignment

Effective English JS 2 Page 103 Practice 2, and page 127 Practice 3.

• Speech work: Vowel  Contrast /әu/ and /au/
• Grammar: Tenses
• Comprehension: Planting
• Vocabulary Development: Armed Forces

a.         Topic: Vowel Contrast

                        Content:          /әu/      and      /au/

                                                cloak                cloud

                                                boat                 bow

                                                crow                crowd

                                                load                 loud

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JSCE p143

Topic: Tense

Content: Present, Past, Future Tense Lesson note

Tense occurs only in verbs. It refers to the change that takes place in the form of the verb to indicate time.

THE PRESENT TENSE

Present tense expresses an action taking place now. Except in the case of the verb ‘be’, the only change that takes place in the form of the verb to indicate the present tense occurs when the verb agrees with a third person singular subject.

Examples:     Sule always reads after meals.

             The bus arrives at 8a.m

            The sun sets in the West.

            Sugar is sweet.

In the case of the verb ‘be’, one more change takes place in the form of the verb to indicate the present tense.

The examples given above are in the simple forms. Other present tense forms include the present continuous, present perfect and present perfect continuous.

Present Continuous : E.gI am working.

Present Perfect : E.gI have worked.

Present Perfect Continuous :E.g I have been working.

THE PAST TENSE               

The past tense is used to talk about a past action.

Regular verbs form their past tense by adding ‘-ed’ to the simple form of the verb, while irregular verbs form their past tense in different ways.

Examples: Regular

There are four past tense forms in English. The past simple, past continuous:

Past Simple :E.g I worked.

Past Continuous :E.g I was working.

Past Perfect : E.gI had worked.

Past Perfect Continuous :E.g I had been working.

THE FUTURE TENSE

Future Tense is used to express a future action by using the modal auxiliary verbs ‘shall’ and ‘will’ e.g

I shall travel soon.

You will see the manager when he arrives.

Or by using the form ‘be going’ and ‘to’ infinitive or by using the present progressive and an expression indicating the future:

Examples: Emekais going to succeed.

It is going to rain today.

Adamuis leaving tomorrow.

The future tense is also used to refer to a future action in a conditioned sentence; used to give command or provide explanations, used in the passive form. Examples:

If you fail your exams, father will scold you.

The meeting will start at eight sharp.

You will dowhat I say.

The fried rice will be cooked in a few minutes.

The swimming pool will be closed next week for renovations.

Evaluation : Write out the past tense and past participle forms of these verbs: split, swing, fight, drive choose, grind, make, mean, sew, shut, talk, put, see weep, taste.

Reading Assignment : The Student’s Companion by Chris Talbot, pages 84 – 94

• Topic: Comprehension

Content: Planting

This passage discusses the process of planting rice after the field to be used has been prepared thoroughly.

Evaluation : Effective English JS 2 p

40 practice 3 and 4

• Topic: Vocabulary Development

Content: Register on the Armed Forces

The armed forces include: the army (for fighting on the land), the navy ( for fighting at sea) the air force ( for fighting in the air. The army, navy and air force are sometimes called the services. Let us look up the words on page 193. Effective English J S 2

Evaluation : Effective English J S 2 Practice 2p 196

• Topic: Writing

Content: Descriptive Essay ( A Local Festival )

A descriptive essay is written to give the reader a mental picture of a person, place or object. That is to say, given a descriptive essay on a person. Place, object, the reader should be able to have a good picture of the person, place or object in his or her mind.

To write good descriptive essays, one must be a good observer and also must be able to choose specific details that recreate for the reader specific images.

The descriptive essay must cover different aspects of the subject or object of description e.g physical traits, hobbies, likes, dislikes, psychological traits character, social traits, location whendescribing an event or place, time etc.

Features include the title, introduction, body and conclusion.

An Outline for A Local Festival

• Paragraph 1 – introduction – brief description of festival and the particular one to be described.
• Paragraph 2 – state what the festival is about , time and location
• Paragraph3 – describe the events such as people in attendance.
• Paragraph 4 – describe the attires worn, food prepared and any spectacular thing observed.
• Paragraph 5 – summarise and conclude.

Evaluation: Develop the outline into a comprehensive essay.

Reading Assignment : Effective English JS 2, page 74 – 75

GENERAL EVALUATION/REVISION

Fill in the blanks using the present tense forms of the verbs suggested in brackets:

Most Cigarette – smokers who __(switch) to cigars __ ( believe) that they __ ( not, inhale) and therefore __ (be) safe from the hazards of tobacco smoke. But a study by doctors at central hospital, London ___( show) that heavy cigarrete smokers (tend0__ to inhale deeply even when they ___(inhale), the hemoglobin in his blood ___(combine ) with some carbon monoxide in the smoke to form a substance which __ (prevent ) blood from performing its normal function; carrying oxygen.

Complete each of the following sentence with the best option from the alternatives lettered A to E

• All the following except ____can be found in a court of law.a. judges b. police officers c. magistrates d. moderators e. persecutors
• A country’s Armed Forces are made up of its ­­­­____ a. Army, Navy and Airforce b. Police, Army and Airforce c. Judge, Airforce and Police Forces d. Army, Magistrates and Air Force e. Navy, Army and Police Force
• The statement ‘The accused was acquitted and discharge means that the accused was ____ a.found guilty and set free b. found guilty but severely warned c. found innocent and set free d. found guilty and jailed e. found guilty but conditionally set free
• The accused has ____ against the judgment. a. written b. spoken c. decided d.register e. appealed
• Someone complained against in a court of law is the ___ a. lawyer’s client b. defendant c. defence d. plaintiff e. accused

Effective English page 41 Practice 2; page 52, Tests 2 and 3

• Speech work: Review of Consonants /t, k, b, d, g/
• Grammar: Present Tense Aspects
• Reading: Broadcasting p. 53 – 54
• Writing: Review of Formal and Informal Letters
• Topic: Consonants

Content: /p, t, k, b, d, g/

/p/                    /t/                     /k/                    /b/                    d/                     /g/

pin                   test                  cup                  brush               dim                  goat

pit                    teeth                cut                   burn                 dig                   aghast

keep                    burnt             cake                 book                wicked             grave

prompt             step                  kettle               rebuke             board               dug

contemporary     picked          quay                curb                 designed

spoken             acquaintance   rebuke

Evaluation : Write out five examples for each sound.

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JS 2, pages 142 – 144

Topic: Reading Comprehension

Content: Broadcasting

The passage discusses the steps by which sound from the radio are heard and the ways in which TV pictures are sent to our TV sets.

Evaluation : Answer the questions on the passage.

Reading Assignment: Effective English JS 2 p. 54, practice 2 and 3.

• Topic: Grammar

Content: Present Tense Aspect        

Tense is a term used in grammar to indicate the time of an action or event. The present tense is used to show that an action takes place at present.

Example : She speaks English well.

                We are fond of music.

The present tense is divided into four classes namely simple present tense, present continuous tense, present perfect tense, present perfect continuous tense.

• Simple Present Tense is used to indicate regular occurrences i.e. actions that take place regularly, sometime, daily, weekly, often etc.

He speaks English well.

She writes very beautifully.

It rains today.

We like talking.

You stop here.

They believe God.

I hope to see you again.

• Present Continuous Tense is used to show what is really happening now. It is made with the be form of the verb: be+ progressive verb.

Example: am playing; are laughing

            I am writing a letter.

            She is reading a novel.

            He is watching T.V.

            You are sitting in the garden.

            They are learning music.

            We are laughing.

• Present Perfect Tense: expresses an action that occurred at an indefinite past time and that may still be going on. It is made with has or have + the past participle.

Example: has read, have read

I have read a novel.

We have waited for her.

You have waited for her.

He has stoppedhis work.

She has written a letter.

They have built the house.

It has rained heavily

Has she eaten her breakfast yet?

She has just left.

• Present Perfect Continuous Tense is used to show that an action has been taking place since a point of time in the past and in progress till now. It is made with has/have + been + present participle.

She has been cooking since morning.

It has been raining heavily.

We have been waiting for her.

You have been building the house.

Evaluation : Write each sentence, completing it with the correct present tense of the verb in sentences.

• Rivers (be) often difficult to navigate.
• People (have) control over the level of the water.
• Water in a canal (do) not flow.
• Some canals (be) waterways that connect rivers.

Content: Religion

Religions generally seek to discover values and to attract men to them through worship and discipline.

Religion is avery powerful force and many have died for it. Of the many religions of the world today, only a few have a larger followers.

These include Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and Animism. There are, however, people who do not believe in group religion or in any god. These people are atheists.

Christianity is founded on the teaching of Jesus Christ and it has many denomination. The teachings of Jesus, the saviour are set forth in the holy Bible. Christians called the ‘Holy Bible’. Christian doctrines teach God’s love and crucifix is called the symbol of the Christian faith. Believing in communalworship, Christian gather in the church and pray. Christians are monotheists.

The Muslimare believers in Islam and followers of the doctrines of Prophet Mohammed as set down in the ‘Holy Koran’. They believe in one God called ‘Allah’ and they worship in mosques on Fridays.

According to the tenets of Islam, a good Muslim should go on a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in his lifetime. He should also pray five times a day and may marry more than one wife.

Religion is such a driving force and people who show excessive zest in religious issues are referred to as fanatics.

Evaluation : Write twenty words to do with religion and their meanings.

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JSCE page 113

Content: Format of Informal and Formal letters

A letter is apiece of continuous writing by which you send a message to serve other person when you cannot speak to the person directly.

There are three kinds of letters, these are informal, formal add semi- formal letters. In this lesson, informal and formal letters will be the focus.

Informal letters, are also known as private letters, are the letters one writes to one’s close friends, classmates or relations who are younger or about one’s age.

• The writer’s address and the date at the top right hand corner of the page.
• The salutation (opening greeting), close to the lefthand margin.
• Body : which consists of:

a. The opening paragraph (concerned with greetings and pleasantries) 

b. The second and third paragraphs treat the main topic of the letter.

c. Concluding paragraph (concerned with more greetings and with a message to those recipients of the letter.

4.         Complimentary closing

Other important features include:

• The use of shortened forms in the main body of the letter ( it’s, you’d etc.)
• The use of informal words and expressions (e.g mummy, daddy, grannie, damn terrible).
• The use of  proverbs and jokes
• The use of simple and chatty language.

Government Technical College,

P.O Box 16,

Malunfashu,

Katsina State,

18 th   July, 2003.

                                    Body of the letter

                                                                                                Yours sincerely,

                                                                                                Umar.

A formal letter is an official/ abusiness letter. It is therefore the kind of letter you would write to your school principal or class teacher requesting to do something, to a police officer reporting a robbery incident, to a commissioner in your state pleading for help with a communicate project etc.

Features of formal letter

• The writer’s address and the date at the top right-hand corner of the page.
• The recipient’s address at the left hand corner of the page.
• The opening salutation below the recipient’s address and subject heading below the salutation, centre of the line.
• Body consists of the first paragraph which goes straight to the subject matter; the main body of the letter consisting of just a single paragraph where the need for the letter is carefully explained, the final paragraph expresses gratitude.
• The complimentary closing: yours faithfully
• The signature of the writer.
• The writer’s full name.

                                                                                                                        G

Goodluck Street,

                                                                                                                Kollington,

                                                                                                              Alagabdo,

                                                                                                                Lagos state.

                                                                                                              10 th August, 2021.

The Supervisor,

Good Shepherd Schools,

3, Olayinka street,

Lagos State.

            Dear sir or Dear Madam,

                                                Application for Permission to Be Absent from School

Body of the Letter

                                                                                                                   Yours faithfully,

                                                                                                                    Signature

                                                                                                                Johnson Folakemi.

Evaluation: Differentiate between a formal and an informal letter.

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JSCE page 6 – 14.

Correct the following sentences:

• It is high time that you realize your mistake.
• She is having a long hair.
• I am teaching English language since 1990.
• I will return the book as soon as I read it.
• Kumari had entered the room when I was writing.

Choose the most appropriate options from the alternative given:

• Out of the following verbs, only __ is always transitive. A. describe b. sleep c. eat
• In the sentences, she ate the bread throughout the day, direct object is __ a. she b. the day c. the bread
• In the sentence, “He spoke with enthusiasm”. The word ‘spoke’ is ___ A. a transitive verb b. a mono transitive verb c. an intransitive verb
• Unfortunately, ‘He is now a complete gentleman’, the subject is __ a. fortunately b. He c. a complete gentleman
• The passive form of the sentence ‘The bad road caused the accident’ is __ a. The accident is caused by the bad road b.  The accident was caused by the bad road c. The accident had been caused by the bad road

Effective English JS 2 page 104.

• Speechwork: Consonant Contrast /p/ and /t/
• Reading Comprehension: The Lorry Trip
• Vocabulary Development: Sports
• Writing: Narrative Essay

Content: Consonant Contrast /p/ and /t/

/p/                                /t/

pit                                tip

pat                               tap

pip                               tip

pot                               top

part                              tart

peep                             team

pea                               tea

Evaluation : Write ten examples for each of the consonant sounds above.

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JSCE 143 – 144

Content: Past Tense Aspects

The past tense is used to show that an action was completed or done in the past.

Examples:        He went to Ibadan yesterday.

                        Palomadied four years ago.

                        We were in Ekiti last year.

                        They stayed in a hotel for weeks.

                        It was hot yesterday.

The past tense is divided into four classes namely simple past tense, past continuous tense, past perfect tense, past perfect- continuous tense.

• The Simple Past Tense: It shows that an action was completed in the past. It expresses an action that takes in the past; used in conditional statements used to express habitual past action and to change a direct to indirect speech.

Example:   I went to school in Ogbomosho.

                        We waited for her.

                        You sand a song.

                        He learnt English.

                        She wrote a letter.

                        It rained heavily.

                        They built the house.

• Past Continuous Tense : It is used to show that an action was in progress or incomplete in the past. It is made up of was or were + verb + ing, i.e was singing or were playing

Example:   I was reading a novel.

            We were waiting for her.

            You were singing a song.

            He was learning English.

            She was writing a letter.

            It was raining heavily.

            They were building the house.

            While Iwas reading, my maid was washing the plates.

            As he was walking to the station, he tripped and fell.

• Past Perfect Tense : It is used toshow a past action that took place before another. It is made with had+past participle i.e. had eaten, had goneetc.

Example:         I had read a novel.

                        We had waited for her.

                        You had sung a song.

                        He had learnt English.

                        She had written a letter.

                        It had rained heavily.

                        They had built the house.

After I had said my prayers, I played the piano.

Everyone had gone to bed when she came home.

He told us that they had bought a new television set.

• Past Perfect Continuous Tense : It is used to show that an action had been in progress up till another action began.

It is made with had+been+past participle i.e, had been singing etc.

Examples: I had been reading a novel.

                        We had been waiting for her.

Evaluation : Write the tense of each of verb below:

Will embark, floats, shall have docked flowed, have changed, has navigated, had steered, announced, will have cleared had departed, is walking, were fighting.

Reading: Student’s Companion Junior High School by Cihrus Talbot page 84 – 92

Content: The Lorry Trip Page 79 – 80

The passage discusses a trip by a lorry and how some f the passengers slipped and fell into an oily road while trying to settle down in the lorry.

Evaluation: Answer the questions on Practice 3 and 4. Effective English JS 2 page 80 – 81

Reading Assignment : Effective English JS 2 page 92 – 93

Content: Sport is defined by the Oxford Dictionary as an activity that one does for pleasure and which requires physical effort or skill, usually done in a special area and according to fixed rules. Words associated with sport are player,competitor, athlete, medalist, score, defender, attacker, referee, coach, basketball, athletics, football, netball, volleyball, boxing, table, items, swimming, wrestling, stadium, field, tracks, gymnasium, penalty, goal, competition, race, match, cut, jab, break, record, team, etc.

Evaluation: Write out other words to do with sports.

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JSCE page 118

A narrative essay is an essay that tells or recounts a story, an event or incident. The past tense is used in this type of essay. Writing an outline for A frightening Experience

Evaluation : Develop the outline into a full essay

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JSCE page 15- 17

GENERAL EVALUATION/ REVISON

Each sentence contains an error involving a form of be, have, or do. Write the sentences correctly.

• The weather were beautiful all summer long.
• Wasn’t you an expert on canal trips?
• We has always waited to travel on a canal boat.
• The boat leaved ripples in its wake.
• Did you see what she thrown into the water?
• People had spreaded out on deck to get some sun or to troka  nap.
• Write the correct verb in parentheses.
• Difference of opinion (was, were) expressed.
• By the entrance (is, are) statues of two lions.
• Behind the band (comes, come) the mascot.
• One of the customers (has, have) a complaint.
• Brown or black shoes (looks, look) fine.
• Either the road signs or the map (was, were) wrong.
• Both a ruler and a pencil (is, are) needed.
• No one but him (plays, play) shortstop.
• The team (has, have) all given their best efforts.
• Six hours (is, are) the time it takes to get there.
• Answer questions on page 58 – 59, Revision Exercise C.
• Speech work: Consonant Contrast /f/ and /v/
• Reading Comprehension: Extracts from ‘Things Fall Apart’
• Vocabulary Development: Newspaper page 235
• Writing: Informal Letter
• Literature: More on Figures of Speech

Topic: Consonant

Content: Consonant contrast /f/ and /v/

/f/                     /v/

fan                   van

fat                    vat

fine                  vine

fast                  vast

few                  view

fault                 vault

ferry                very

safe                  save

staff                 starve

belief               believe

strife                strive

Evaluation : Write ten examples for each sound.

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JSCE page 143-144

Topic: Parts of Speech

Content: Conjunction

A conjunction is a word used to join expressions. Expressions joined together by conjunctions are words, phrases and clauses. Examples:

There are three main kinds.

Coordinating, correlative, subordinating conjunctions

• Coordinating conjunctions join groups of similar words and sentences e.g and, but, or

            They want John and Tina. (two words)

            They have finally finished and will soon leave. (two main clauses).

            They played their best but they did not win. (two main clauses).

            Hussein and Musa are good swimmers. (two words)

• Correlative conjunctions are made up of pairs of words. They join individual words or groups of words. Examples: either—— or, neither—–nor, both——-and, not only——but also hardly——-when, no sooner——-than etc.

Lost in the desert, we had neither food nor water.

The crowd likes both my paintings and my sculpture.

The machine not only picks the peas but also shells them.

EitherNgoziorUsman is acceptable.

I had hardly reached home when the phone began ringing.

We had no sooner started for the cinema than our uncle arrived.

• Subordinating conjunctions are used to join clauses of unequal rank. They join subordinate clauses to main clauses. Examples after, before, since, until, when, while, now that, as, where, because, although, even, if, as though, in order that, last, so that, except that, unless etc.

            After I had finished my work, I took a nap.

            I like listening to music while I read.

            They were angry because the group last without them.

The baby cries although he has just been fed.

He acts as if he owns this company.

Watch out for the step last you trip.

Let me know if you can’t make it to the practice.

Although I was angry, I didn’t show it.

Evaluation : Make sentences with these conjunctions: besides, since, when, therefore, until.

Reading Assignment: The New Student’s companion page 115 – 117.

Content: An Extract from ‘Things Fall Apart’

The passage is an extract from Achebe’s Things Fall Aprt. Okonkwo has just taken part in the killing of Ikemefuna, his adopted son. The oracle of the village has said that the boy must die but one of the elders tells okonkwo that he ought not to take part in his son’s death.

Evaluation : Practice 2 (1 – 10) Effective English JS 2 page 92.

Content: Words to do with Newspaper page 235

The press means the newspapers, magazines and the people who produce them

Proprietor: The owner of a newspaper. He/She employs an editor to run it for him.

An Editor is in charge of the day- to-day work of the paper.

Journalists are people who work in various ways to produce the text of the newspaper. They include: reporters who go out to collect stories and items of news and correspondents who specialize in one kind of topic or in one area.

Column is the text of a newspaper printed in columnsrunning down the page. Sometimes, a journalist writes a daily or weekly article that appears in roughly the same position in each issue of the paper, this journalist is called a columnist.

Evaluation : Practice 4 (1-7) Effective English JS 2 page 236

Reading Assignment : Effective English JS 2 page 235-236

Content: Informal Letter

In week 5, you are taught an informal letter and its features. Your task inthis lesson is to write an informal letter to your daddy.

Evaluation : Write a letter to your daddy on why you like your newschool

ReadingAssignment : Exam Focus English JSCE page 6 -14

• Topic: Literary Devices

Content: Figures of Speech

• Onomatopoeia is a word that echoes or imitates the sounds of the things they represent. Examples: cuckoo, crash, squeak, sizzle, shuffling, rustling, squish, creaking etc.
• Euphemism: This is the presentation of unpleasant thing in a pleasant way.

Examples: The king has joined  his ancestors. (died)

The mad woman has been put in the family way. (made pregnant).

• Antithesis: This is the choice and arrangement of words to emphasize contrast. Examples:                                    Man proposes and God disposes

I toil day and night.

• Oxymoron: Words of opposite meaning or suggestion are used together with one serving as a qualifier for the other.

Examples: A wise fool.

                        A bitter sweet experience.

                        Panting is a sweet sorrow.

                        Death is a cruel kindness.

                        Her pregnancy is an open secret.

• Apostrophe: This is essentially an address to an absent person, a dead person or non- living thing. Examples: O death! Where is thy sting?

Evaluation : Write out two examples for each figure of speech taught.

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JSCE page 157

General Evaluation (Revision)

Combine the following pairs of  sentences using the conjunctions: and, or, but

• I like fish. I love steak.
• Mom called the doctor. He recommended rest.
• You can go to Lekki. You can stay home.
• Just listen to me. Please don’t criticize.
• I enjoy sailing. Scuba diving is more fun.
• Fill in the blank space in each of the following sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets in front of each sentence.
•  I ____ the book in the shelf last week. (put)
• A snake____ the boy last week (bite).
• My teacher _____ me yesterday. (teach)
• He was ____ when I saw him. (eat)
• He has ____like a fish. (swim)
• The New Student’s Companion by Chris Talbat page 118 – 119 Exercise 21 (A-H)
• Speechwork: Consonant Contrast /l/ and /r/
• Grammar: Making Requests and Commands
• Writing: Descriptive Essay: My Favorite Teacher

Content: Consonant Contrast /l/ and /r/

/l/                     /r/

lip                    rip

lot                    rot

lack                  rack

lag                   rag

loom                room

ply                   pry

bleed               breed

blew                brew

flesh                fresh

Evaluation : Write ten words for each sound.

Reading Assignment : Exam Focus English JSCE page 143 – 144

Topic: The Sentence

Content: Making Request and Commands.

Requests are usually expressed by using please.

e.g.      Please, lend me your pencil.

Don’t be angry, please.

            It may also be expressed by will/can + infinitive with or without please.

Examples:        Will you pass the salt, please?

                        Will you pass the salt?

                        Can you hold this for me , please?

                        Can you hold this for me?

Using would/ could instead of will/can is more polite.

Examples:        Would you pass the salt (please)?

                        Could you hold this for me (please)?

            Other requests are:

            Would you be kind enough to show me the way?

            I wonder if you could lend me your umbrella.

They are used to express an order. There are positive and negative commands. E.g

            Positive Commands

            Go home.

            Touch it.

            Shut the door.

            You are to wait here until I return.

            Will you shut up?

            Negative Commands

            Don’t go home.

            Don’t touch it.

            Do not shut the door.

            Don’t you touch it.

Evaluation : Practice 2 Effective English JS 2 page 95.

Reading Assignment : Effective English JS 2 page 94 – 95

My Favourite Teacher

Here are some guidelines to help you write this essay.

• Title, Introduction: describe the teacher’s physical attributes – age, height, complexion etc.
• Background/educational qualification, marital status
• Likes/interests/hobbies
• Achievement/accomplishment
• Intellectual traits: level of intelligence etc.
• Give any other details

Evaluation : Write a descriptive essay on your favourite teacher.

Make negative statements with no, nothing, no one and nobody.

• Someone heard him.
• He learned something.
• I have got some.
• Somebody asked a question.
• She had some money.
• Fill in the blank space in each of the following sentences.

Present progressive Tense, Present Tense, Past tense, Perfect 1

• I am finding out. I ___ it out. I ___ it out. I ___ it out.
• We are going out. We ___ out. We ___ out. We ___ out.
• He ___ it. He gives it. He ___ it. He ___ it.
• He is weaving. He ___. He ___. He___.
• He is speeding. It ___. It ____. It_____.
• The underlined sentences contain some tense errors. Give the correct form of the underlined parts of the sentences:
• My mother have come to see  me.
• Oh! His mother had died.
• Bisi and Tundegoes to the same   college.
• I am understand your problems.
• The letter had being written.
• Practice 3,Effective English JS2 page 95.
• Speech work: consonant /h/
• Grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech.
• Writing: formal Letter: A Letter of Invitation

Content /h/

hit, hood, hawk, home, herd, hide, hall, whole, who, whore, whom, head, behave, adhere, abhor, inhabit, perhaps, behold, behind, ahead, inhale, inhibit, rehearse, inherit.

            /h/ does not occur at the end of a word and it is not pronounced in words like ‘hour’, ‘honour’, ‘honest’, ‘heir’, ‘vehicle’, ‘exhibit’ and ‘exhaust’.

Evaluation: Write out twenty examples for /h/.

ReadingAssignment : Exam Focus English JSCE page 143 – 144

Topic: Speech

Content: Direct and Indirect Speech

What a person says can be shown by using direct speech or indirect speech.

• Direct Speech is the actual words of the speaker used within inverted commas.

I said “I don’t understand you.”

She asked, “What are you doing here?”

The sweeper said, “There is nobody in the library.”

• Indirect Speech reports what a person saidearlier to someone else without the use of inverted commas.

I said that I didn’t understand him.

She asked me what I was doing there.

The sweeper said that there was nobody in the library.

Points to Remember.

1a. In indirect speech, the tense used follows that of the main verb in the direct speech

Direct: “I will help you,” she promised.

Indirect: She promised that she would help us.

1b. Tense changes in reported speech. If the reporting verb is a present tense, the future tense remains unchanged.

            Example:

            Paloma says, “Ishall go to Delhi tomorrow.”

            Paloma says that she will go to Delhi tomorrow.

      1c. If the reporting verb is in the past tense, the reported verb is subjected to change.

                        Direct speech                          Indirect Speech

                        Simple present                         Simple Past

                        Present Continuous                   Past Continuous

                        Present Perfect                         Past perfect

                        Present perfect continuous        past perfect continuous

                        Simple past                              past perfect

                        Past continuous                        past perfect continuous

                        Past perfect                              No change

                        Past perfect continuous             No change

Some Examples

• John said “I cook rice everyday.”

John said that he cooked rice everyday.

• John said “I am cooking rice.”

John said that he was cooking rice.

• John said, “I cooked rice”.

John said he had cooked rice.

• John said, “I have cooked rice.”

John said that hehad cooked rice.

• John said, “I have been cooking rice.”

John said that hehad been cooking rice.

• John said “I was cooking rice.”

John said that he had been cooking rice.

2.         Reported Speech expressing a universal truth or habitual fact is not changed. Example: My father said, “Honesty is the best policy.”

My father said that honesty is the best policy.

The teacher said “The earth moves round the sun.”

The teacher said that the sun moves round the sun.

• Pronoun changes,

Direct                          Indirect

I/you                            he/she/they

You                             him/her/them

We                               they

My                               his/her

Your                            my

Our                              their

Me                               him/her, them

Us                                them

• Change place and time

Direct                           Reported

Here                             there

Today                          that day

These                           those

This morning                that morning

Yesterday                    the day before

Tomorrow                    the next day

Next week                    the following week

Next month                  the following month

Tonight                        that night

Ago                              before

• Other examples:
• Sekinat asked, “Where is Chukwu?”

Sekinat asked us where Chukwu was.

• Lara said, “Would you like a cup of tea?”

Lara asked me whether/if I would like a cup of tea.

• Mr. Taiwo said, “Do your work quietly”

Mr. Taiwo told us to do our work quietly.

• She said, “Sit down, please.”

She invited us tosit down.

            Evaluations: Change the direct speech to reported speech.

• The professor said, “ I work all day.”
• He said, “I will be visiting Italy in December.”
• The weather man announced, “It may rain today.”
• “I can be a great president.” said Martin.

Reading Assignment : ExamFocus English JSCE page 93 – 94; English Grammar by P.O

Olatunbosun page 90 – 94

Topic: Writing – A Formal Letter of Invitation

In week four, you were taught formal letter. Your task in this lesson is to write a formal letter of invitation.

Evaluation :Your school is organizing a talk show o the topic Child abuse. As the secretary of the organizing committee of the school, write a formal letter of invitation to be sent out to neigbouring schools, highlighting the various benefits they stand to gain in the talk show.

Choose the correct option

• She didn’t know ____ when his boss called. a. He was where  b. Where he was  c. Was he where  d. Where was he
• Malaria, which can be fatal let untreated, is transmitted by the female, ____ by the male mosquito. a. Not  b. however. c. despite  d. instead.
• A good student must know _____ a. to study hard  b. to be a good student   c. how to study effectively  d. the way of efficiency in study.
• Perspiration increases ____ vigorous exercise or hot weather.  a. during  b. when  c. at the time  d. for
• Physical fitness exercises can cause injuries ____ the participants are not careful. a. that b. to  c. if   d. with
• For each question, choose the best answer from the options given.
• “We’re going out for dinner tonight,” announced Dad. Dad told us that ______ a. we were going out for dinner that night  b. we’re going out for dinner tonight  c. we were going out for dinner the following night   d. we would be going out for dinner the previous night.
• “Where’s the class monitor?” asked the headmaster. The headmaster wanted to know _____. a. where was the class monitor b. where the class monitor was   c. where is the class monitor   d. where the class monitor would be.
• “I’m sure Ibrahim was not telling the truth when he spoke to us yesterday,” commented Abdullah. Abdullah commented that he was sure that Ibrahim was not ______. a. tells them the truth when he speaking to them yesterday  b. told them the truth when he spoke to them yesterday  c. telling them the truth when he spoken to them that day   d. telling them the truth when he spoke to them the previous day
• “What are you doing here?” asked Asake. Asake asked me _____. a. what am I doing here  b. what I was doing here   c. what was I doing here    d. what were I doing here
• “I’m going home now,” he said. He said that he was _____.  A. going home now   b. going home then c. went home now   d. gone home then
• English Grammar by P.O Olatunbosun, Page 93 Exercise 16, 4(a-g).

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